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公共指令AcceptMutexCoreDumpDirectoryEnableExceptionHookGracefulShutdownTimeoutGroupListenListenBackLogLockFileMaxClientsMaxMemFreeMaxRequestsPerChildMaxSpareThreadsMinSpareThreadsPidFileReceiveBufferSizeScoreBoardFileSendBufferSizeServerLimitStartServersStartThreadsThreadLimitThreadsPerChildThreadStackSizeUserApache MPM beosMaxRequestsPerThreadCoreDumpDirectoryGroupListenListenBacklogMaxClientsMaxMemFreeMaxSpareThreadsMinSpareThreadsPidFileReceiveBufferSizeScoreBoardFileSendBufferSizeStartThreadsUserApache MPM eventAcceptMutexCoreDumpDirectoryEnableExceptionHookGroupListenListenBacklogLockFileMaxClientsMaxMemFreeMaxRequestsPerChildMaxSpareThreadsMinSpareThreadsPidFileScoreBoardFileSendBufferSizeServerLimitStartServersThreadLimitThreadsPerChildThreadStackSizeUserApache MPM netwareMaxThreadsListenListenBacklogMaxMemFreeMaxRequestsPerChildMaxSpareThreadsMinSpareThreadsReceiveBufferSizeSendBufferSizeStartThreadsThreadStackSizeApache MPM os2GroupListenListenBacklogMaxRequestsPerChildMaxSpareThreadsMinSpareThreadsPidFileReceiveBufferSizeSendBufferSizeStartServersUserApache MPM prefork工作方式MaxSpareServersMinSpareServersAcceptMutexCoreDumpDirectoryEnableExceptionHookGroupListenListenBacklogLockFileMaxClientsMaxMemFreeMaxRequestsPerChildPidFileReceiveBufferSizeScoreBoardFileSendBufferSizeServerLimitStartServersUserApache MPM winntWin32DisableAcceptExCoreDumpDirectoryListenListenBacklogMaxMemFreeMaxRequestsPerChildPidFileReceiveBufferSizeScoreBoardFileSendBufferSizeThreadLimitThreadsPerChildThreadStackSizeApache MPM worker工作方式AcceptMutexCoreDumpDirectoryEnableExceptionHookGroupListenListenBacklogLockFileMaxClientsMaxMemFreeMaxRequestsPerChildMaxSpareThreadsMinSpareThreadsPidFileReceiveBufferSizeScoreBoardFileSendBufferSizeServerLimitStartServersThreadLimitThreadsPerChildThreadStackSizeUserApache Module mod_actionsAction指令Script指令Apache Module mod_alias处理顺序AliasAliasMatchRedirectRedirectMatchRedirectPermanentRedirectTempScriptAliasScriptAliasMatchApache Module mod_asis用法Apache Module mod_auth_basicAuthBasicAuthoritativeAuthBasicProviderApache Module mod_auth_digest使用摘要认证配合 MS Internet Explorer 6 工作AuthDigestAlgorithmAuthDigestDomainAuthDigestNcCheckAuthDigestNonceFormatAuthDigestNonceLifetimeAuthDigestProviderAuthDigestQopAuthDigestShmemSizeApache Module mod_authn_alias示例<AuthnProviderAlias>Apache Module mod_authn_anon示例AnonymousAnonymous_LogEmailAnonymous_MustGiveEmailAnonymous_NoUserIDAnonymous_VerifyEmailApache Module mod_authn_dbd配置示例AuthDBDUserPWQueryAuthDBDUserRealmQueryApache Module mod_authn_dbmAuthDBMTypeAuthDBMUserFileApache Module mod_authn_defaultAuthDefaultAuthoritativeApache Module mod_authn_fileAuthUserFileApache Module mod_authnz_ldapContentsOperationThe require Directives举例Using TLSUsing SSLUsing Microsoft FrontPage with 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ElementsInclude VariablesVariable SubstitutionFlow Control ElementsSSIEndTagSSIErrorMsgSSIStartTagSSITimeFormatSSIUndefinedEchoXBitHackApache Module mod_info安全问题选择哪些信息可以被显示已知的局限AddModuleInfoApache Module mod_isapi用法附加注释程序员注记ISAPIAppendLogToErrorsISAPIAppendLogToQueryISAPICacheFileISAPIFakeAsyncISAPILogNotSupportedISAPIReadAheadBufferApache Module mod_ldap示例配置LDAP 连接池LDAP 缓冲使用SSL/TLSSSL/TLS 证书LDAPCacheEntriesLDAPCacheTTLLDAPConnectionTimeoutLDAPOpCacheEntriesLDAPOpCacheTTLLDAPSharedCacheFileLDAPSharedCacheSizeLDAPTrustedClientCertLDAPTrustedGlobalCertLDAPTrustedModeLDAPVerifyServerCertApache Module mod_log_config定制日志文件格式安全考虑BufferedLogsCookieLogCustomLogLogFormatTransferLogApache Module mod_log_forensic定制日志文件格式安全考虑ForensicLogApache Module mod_logio定制日志文件格式Apache Module mod_mem_cacheMCacheMaxObjectCountMCacheMaxObjectSizeMCacheMaxStreamingBufferMCacheMinObjectSizeMCacheRemovalAlgorithmMCacheSizeApache Module mod_mime带多扩展名的文件内容编码字符集和语言AddCharsetAddEncodingAddHandlerAddInputFilterAddLanguageAddOutputFilterAddTypeDefaultLanguageModMimeUsePathInfoMultiviewsMatchRemoveCharsetRemoveEncodingRemoveHandlerRemoveInputFilterRemoveLanguageRemoveOutputFilterRemoveTypeTypesConfigApache Module mod_mime_magic"Magic文件"的格式性能问题注意MimeMagicFileApache Module mod_negotiation类型表MultiViewsCacheNegotiatedDocsForceLanguagePriorityLanguagePriorityApache Module mod_nw_sslNWSSLTrustedCertsNWSSLUpgradeableSecureListenApache Module mod_proxy正向和反向代理简单示例控制对代理服务器的访问缓慢启动局域网代理协议调整请求体AllowCONNECTNoProxy<Proxy>ProxyBadHeaderProxyBlockProxyDomainProxyErrorOverrideProxyIOBufferSize<ProxyMatch>ProxyMaxForwardsProxyPassProxyPassReverseProxyPassReverseCookieDomainProxyPassReverseCookiePathProxyPreserveHostProxyReceiveBufferSizeProxyRemoteProxyRemoteMatchProxyRequestsProxyTimeoutProxyViaApache Module mod_proxy_ajpOverview of the protocolBasic Packet StructureRequest Packet StructureResponse Packet StructureApache Module mod_proxy_balancerLoad balancer scheduler algorithmRequest Counting AlgorithmWeighted Traffic Counting AlgorithmEnabling Balancer Manager SupportApache Module mod_proxy_connectApache Module mod_proxy_ftp为什么xxx类型的文件不能从FTP下载?如何强制文件xxx使用FTP的ASCII形式下载?我如何使用FTP上传?我如何能访问我自己home目录以外的FTP文件?我如何才能在浏览器的URL框中隐藏FTP的明文密码?Apache Module mod_proxy_httpApache Module mod_rewrite特殊字符的引用环境变量实用方案RewriteBaseRewriteCondRewriteEngineRewriteLockRewriteLogRewriteLogLevelRewriteMapRewriteOptionsRewriteRuleApache Module mod_setenvifBrowserMatchBrowserMatchNoCaseSetEnvIfSetEnvIfNoCaseApache Module mod_so为Windows创建可加载模块LoadFileLoadModuleApache Module mod_spelingCheckSpellingApache Module mod_ssl环境变量Custom Log FormatsSSLCACertificateFileSSLCACertificatePathSSLCADNRequestFileSSLCADNRequestPathSSLCARevocationFileSSLCARevocationPathSSLCertificateChainFileSSLCertificateFileSSLCertificateKeyFileSSLCipherSuiteSSLCryptoDeviceSSLEngineSSLHonorCipherOrderSSLMutexSSLOptionsSSLPassPhraseDialogSSLProtocolSSLProxyCACertificateFileSSLProxyCACertificatePathSSLProxyCARevocationFileSSLProxyCARevocationPathSSLProxyCipherSuiteSSLProxyEngineSSLProxyMachineCertificateFileSSLProxyMachineCertificatePathSSLProxyProtocolSSLProxyVerifySSLProxyVerifyDepthSSLRandomSeedSSLRequireSSLRequireSSLSSLSessionCacheSSLSessionCacheTimeoutSSLUserNameSSLVerifyClientSSLVerifyDepthApache Module mod_statusEnabling Status Support自动更新Machine Readable Status FileExtendedStatusApache Module mod_suexecSuexecUserGroupApache Module mod_unique_idTheoryApache Module mod_userdirUserDirApache Module mod_usertrackLogging2-digit or 4-digit dates for cookies?CookieDomainCookieExpiresCookieNameCookieStyleCookieTrackingApache Module mod_version<IfVersion>Apache Module mod_vhost_alias目录名称的转换示例VirtualDocumentRootVirtualDocumentRootIPVirtualScriptAliasVirtualScriptAliasIP开发者文档OverviewTopicsExternal ResourcesApache API notesBasic conceptsHow handlers workResource allocation and resource poolsConfigurationDebugging Memory Allocation in APRAvailable debugging optionsAllowable CombinationsActivating Debugging OptionsDocumenting Apache 2.0Apache 2.0 Hook FunctionsCreating a hook functionHooking the hookConverting Modules from Apache 1.3 to Apache 2.0The easier changes ...The messier changes...Request Processing in Apache 2.0The Request Processing CycleThe Request Parsing PhaseThe Security PhaseThe Preparation PhaseThe Handler PhaseHow Filters Work in Apache 2.0Filter TypesHow are filters inserted?AsisExplanations词汇和索引词汇表模块索引指令索引指令速查译者声明
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Apache 2.0 Hook Functions

Warning

This document is still in development and may be partially out of date.

In general, a hook function is one that Apache will call at some point during the processing of a request. Modules can provide functions that are called, and specify when they get called in comparison to other modules.

Creating a hook function

In order to create a new hook, four things need to be done:

Declare the hook function

Use the AP_DECLARE_HOOK macro, which needs to be given the return type of the hook function, the name of the hook, and the arguments. For example, if the hook returns an int and takes a request_rec * and an int and is called do_something, then declare it like this:

AP_DECLARE_HOOK(int, do_something, (request_rec *r, int n))

This should go in a header which modules will include if they want to use the hook.

Create the hook structure

Each source file that exports a hook has a private structure which is used to record the module functions that use the hook. This is declared as follows:

APR_HOOK_STRUCT(
APR_HOOK_LINK(do_something)
...
)

Implement the hook caller

The source file that exports the hook has to implement a function that will call the hook. There are currently three possible ways to do this. In all cases, the calling function is called ap_run_hookname().

Void hooks

If the return value of a hook is void, then all the hooks are called, and the caller is implemented like this:

AP_IMPLEMENT_HOOK_VOID(do_something, (request_rec *r, int n), (r, n))

The second and third arguments are the dummy argument declaration and the dummy arguments as they will be used when calling the hook. In other words, this macro expands to something like this:

void ap_run_do_something(request_rec *r, int n)
{
...
do_something(r, n);
}

Hooks that return a value

If the hook returns a value, then it can either be run until the first hook that does something interesting, like so:

AP_IMPLEMENT_HOOK_RUN_FIRST(int, do_something, (request_rec *r, int n), (r, n), DECLINED)

The first hook that does not return DECLINED stops the loop and its return value is returned from the hook caller. Note that DECLINED is the tradition Apache hook return meaning "I didn't do anything", but it can be whatever suits you.

Alternatively, all hooks can be run until an error occurs. This boils down to permitting two return values, one of which means "I did something, and it was OK" and the other meaning "I did nothing". The first function that returns a value other than one of those two stops the loop, and its return is the return value. Declare these like so:

AP_IMPLEMENT_HOOK_RUN_ALL(int, do_something, (request_rec *r, int n), (r, n), OK, DECLINED)

Again, OKDECLINED are the traditional values. You can use what you want.

Call the hook callers

At appropriate moments in the code, call the hook caller, like so:

int n, ret;
request_rec *r;

ret=ap_run_do_something(r, n);

Hooking the hook

A module that wants a hook to be called needs to do two things.

Implement the hook function

Include the appropriate header, and define a static function of the correct type:

static int my_something_doer(request_rec *r, int n)
{
...
return OK;
}

Add a hook registering function

During initialisation, Apache will call each modules hook registering function, which is included in the module structure:

static void my_register_hooks()
{
ap_hook_do_something(my_something_doer, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
}

mode MODULE_VAR_EXPORT my_module =
{
...
my_register_hooks /* register hooks */
};

Controlling hook calling order

In the example above, we didn't use the three arguments in the hook registration function that control calling order. There are two mechanisms for doing this. The first, rather crude, method, allows us to specify roughly where the hook is run relative to other modules. The final argument control this. There are three possible values: APR_HOOK_FIRST, APR_HOOK_MIDDLEAPR_HOOK_LAST.

All modules using any particular value may be run in any order relative to each other, but, of course, all modules using APR_HOOK_FIRST will be run before APR_HOOK_MIDDLE which are before APR_HOOK_LAST. Modules that don't care when they are run should use APR_HOOK_MIDDLE. (I spaced these out so people could do stuff like APR_HOOK_FIRST-2 to get in slightly earlier, but is this wise? - Ben)

Note that there are two more values, APR_HOOK_REALLY_FIRSTAPR_HOOK_REALLY_LAST. These should only be used by the hook exporter.

The other method allows finer control. When a module knows that it must be run before (or after) some other modules, it can specify them by name. The second (third) argument is a NULL-terminated array of strings consisting of the names of modules that must be run before (after) the current module. For example, suppose we want "mod_xyz.c" and "mod_abc.c" to run before we do, then we'd hook as follows:

static void register_hooks()
{
static const char * const aszPre[] = { "mod_xyz.c", "mod_abc.c", NULL };

ap_hook_do_something(my_something_doer, aszPre, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE);
}

Note that the sort used to achieve this is stable, so ordering set by APR_HOOK_ORDER is preserved, as far as is possible.

Ben Laurie, 15th August 1999

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