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首页版本说明从1.3升级到2.0编译时配置的改变运行时配置的改变杂项变化第三方模块从 2.0 升级到 2.2编译时配置的改变运行时配置的改变杂项变化第三方模块Apache 2.1/2.2 版本的新特性核心增强模块增强程序增强针对模块开发者的变化Apache 2.0 版本的新特性核心的增强模块的增强Apache许可证参考手册编译与安装针对心急者的概述要求下载解压配置源代码树编译安装配置测试升级启动Apache是怎样启动的启动时发生错误随系统启动时启动额外信息停止与重新启动简介立即停止优雅重启立即重启优雅停止附录:信号和竞争条件运行时配置指令主配置文件配置文件的语法模块指令的作用域.htaccess文件配置段配置段(容器)的类型文件系统和网络空间虚拟主机代理允许使用哪些指令?配置段的合并内容缓冲简介缓冲概述安全方面的考虑文件句柄缓冲内存缓冲磁盘缓冲服务器全局配置服务器标识文件定位限制资源的使用日志文件安全警告错误日志访问日志日志滚动管道日志虚拟主机其他日志文件从URL到文件系统的映射相关模块和指令DocumentRootDocumentRoot以外的文件用户目录URL重定向反向代理重写引擎File Not Found安全方面的提示保持不断更新和升级ServerRoot目录的权限服务器端包含关于CGI未指定为脚本的CGI指定为脚本的CGI其他动态内容的来源系统设置的保护默认配置下服务器文件的保护观察日志文件动态共享对象(DSO)实现用法概要背景知识优点和缺点内容协商关于内容协商Apache中的内容协商协商的方法打乱品质值透明内容协商的扩展超链和名称转换说明缓冲说明更多信息自定义错误响应行为配置自定义错误响应与重定向地址和端口绑定概述针对IPv6的特殊考虑怎样与虚拟主机协同工作多路处理模块(MPM)简介选择一个MPM默认的MPM环境变量设置环境变量使用环境变量用于特殊目的的环境变量示例处理器的使用什么是处理器?例子程序员注意事项过滤器Apache2中的过滤器智能过虑使用过滤器CGI脚本的Suexec执行开始之前suEXEC的安全模型配置和安装suEXEC启用和禁用suEXEC使用suEXEC调试suEXEC谨防Jabberwock:警告和举例性能调整硬件和操作系统运行时的配置编译时的配置附录:踪迹的详细分析URL重写指南mod_rewrite简介实践方案URL的规划内容的处理对访问的限制其他虚拟主机文档总述虚拟主机支持配置指令基于主机名的虚拟主机基于域名的虚拟主机和基于IP的虚拟主机比较使用基于域名的虚拟主机与旧版浏览器的兼容性基于IP地址的虚拟主机系统需求如何配置Apache设置多个守护进程配置拥有多个虚拟主机的单一守护进程动态配置大量虚拟主机动机概述简单的动态虚拟主机一个实际的个人主页系统在同一个服务器上架设多个主机的虚拟系统更为有效的基于IP地址的虚拟主机使用老版本的Apache使用mod_rewrite实现简单的动态虚拟主机使用mod_rewrite的个人主页系统使用独立的虚拟主机配置文件虚拟主机的普通配置示例在一个IP地址上运行多个基于域名的web站点在多于一个IP的情况下使用基于域名的虚拟主机在不同的IP的地址(比如一个内部和一个外部地址)上提供相同的内容在不同的端口上运行不同的站点建立基于IP的虚拟主机混用基于端口和基于IP的虚拟主机混用基于域名和基于IP的虚拟主机将虚拟主机和代理模块一起使用使用默认虚拟主机将一个基于域名的虚拟主机移植为一个基于IP的虚拟主机使用ServerPath指令深入讨论虚拟主机的匹配解析配置文件虚拟主机匹配小技巧文件描述符限制关于DNS和Apache一个简单示例拒绝服务"主服务器"地址避免这些问题的小技巧附录:进一步的提示常见问题概述SSL/TLS 加密概述文档mod_ssl绪论密码技术证书安全套接字层(SSL)参考兼容性配置指令环境变量自定义日志功能如何...加密方案和强制性高等级安全客户认证和访问控制常见问题解答About The ModuleInstallationConfigurationCertificatesThe SSL Protocolmod_ssl Support如何.../指南概述认证相关模块和指令简介先决条件启用认证允许多人访问可能存在的问题其他认证方法更多信息CGI动态页面简介配置Apache以允许CGI编写CGI程序程序还是不能运行!幕后是怎样操作的?CGI模块/库更多信息服务器端包含简介什么是SSI?配置服务器以允许SSI基本SSI指令附加的例子我还能设置其它什么?执行命令高级SSI技术总结.htaccess文件.htaccess文件工作原理和使用方法(不)使用.htaccess文件的场合指令的生效认证举例服务器端包含(SSI)举例CGI举例疑难解答用户网站目录用户网站目录用UserDir设置文件路径限定哪些用户可以使用此功能启用对每个用户都有效的cgi目录允许用户改变配置对特定平台的说明概述Microsoft Windows其他平台在Microsoft Windows中使用Apache对操作系统的要求下载 Apache for Windows安装 Apache for Windows配置 Apache for Windows以服务方式运行 Apache for Windows作为控制台程序运行Apache测试安装编译Windows下的Apache系统要求命令行编译Developer Studio集成开发环境的工作区编译项目组件在Novell NetWare平台上使用ApacheRequirementsDownloading Apache for NetWareInstalling Apache for NetWareRunning Apache for NetWareConfiguring Apache for NetWareCompiling Apache for NetWare在HP-UX中运行ApacheThe Apache EBCDIC PortOverview of the Apache EBCDIC PortDesign GoalsTechnical SolutionPorting NotesDocument Storage NotesApache Modules' StatusThird Party Modules' Status服务器与支持程序概述httpd语法选项ab语法选项Bugsapachectl语法选项apxs语法选项举例configure语法选项环境变量dbmmanage语法选项Bugshtcacheclean语法选项返回值htdbm语法选项Bugs返回值举例安全方面的考虑限制htdigest语法选项htpasswd语法选项返回值举例安全方面的考虑限制logresolve语法选项rotatelogs语法选项Portabilitysuexec语法选项其他程序log_server_statussplit-logfile杂项文档概述相关标准HTTP推荐标准HTML推荐标准认证语言/国家代码Apache 模块描述模块的术语说明状态源代码文件模块标识符兼容性描述指令的术语说明语法默认值(Default)作用域(Context)覆盖项(Override)状态模块(Module)兼容性(Compatibility)Apache核心(Core)特性AcceptFilterAcceptPathInfoAccessFileNameAddDefaultCharsetAddOutputFilterByTypeAllowEncodedSlashesAllowOverrideAuthNameAuthTypeCGIMapExtensionContentDigestDefaultType<Directory><DirectoryMatch>DocumentRootEnableMMAPEnableSendfileErrorDocumentErrorLogFileETag<Files><FilesMatch>ForceTypeHostnameLookups<IfDefine><IfModule>IncludeKeepAliveKeepAliveTimeout<Limit><LimitExcept>LimitInternalRecursionLimitRequestBodyLimitRequestFieldsLimitRequestFieldSizeLimitRequestLineLimitXMLRequestBody<Location><LocationMatch>LogLevelMaxKeepAliveRequestsNameVirtualHostOptionsRequireRLimitCPURLimitMEMRLimitNPROCSatisfyScriptInterpreterSourceServerAdminServerAliasServerNameServerPathServerRootServerSignatureServerTokensSetHandlerSetInputFilterSetOutputFilterTimeOutTraceEnableUseCanonicalNameUseCanonicalPhysicalPort<VirtualHost>Apache MPM 公共指令AcceptMutexCoreDumpDirectoryEnableExceptionHookGracefulShutdownTimeoutGroupListenListenBackLogLockFileMaxClientsMaxMemFreeMaxRequestsPerChildMaxSpareThreadsMinSpareThreadsPidFileReceiveBufferSizeScoreBoardFileSendBufferSizeServerLimitStartServersStartThreadsThreadLimitThreadsPerChildThreadStackSizeUserApache MPM beosMaxRequestsPerThreadCoreDumpDirectoryGroupListenListenBacklogMaxClientsMaxMemFreeMaxSpareThreadsMinSpareThreadsPidFileReceiveBufferSizeScoreBoardFileSendBufferSizeStartThreadsUserApache MPM eventAcceptMutexCoreDumpDirectoryEnableExceptionHookGroupListenListenBacklogLockFileMaxClientsMaxMemFreeMaxRequestsPerChildMaxSpareThreadsMinSpareThreadsPidFileScoreBoardFileSendBufferSizeServerLimitStartServersThreadLimitThreadsPerChildThreadStackSizeUserApache MPM netwareMaxThreadsListenListenBacklogMaxMemFreeMaxRequestsPerChildMaxSpareThreadsMinSpareThreadsReceiveBufferSizeSendBufferSizeStartThreadsThreadStackSizeApache MPM os2GroupListenListenBacklogMaxRequestsPerChildMaxSpareThreadsMinSpareThreadsPidFileReceiveBufferSizeSendBufferSizeStartServersUserApache MPM prefork工作方式MaxSpareServersMinSpareServersAcceptMutexCoreDumpDirectoryEnableExceptionHookGroupListenListenBacklogLockFileMaxClientsMaxMemFreeMaxRequestsPerChildPidFileReceiveBufferSizeScoreBoardFileSendBufferSizeServerLimitStartServersUserApache MPM winntWin32DisableAcceptExCoreDumpDirectoryListenListenBacklogMaxMemFreeMaxRequestsPerChildPidFileReceiveBufferSizeScoreBoardFileSendBufferSizeThreadLimitThreadsPerChildThreadStackSizeApache MPM worker工作方式AcceptMutexCoreDumpDirectoryEnableExceptionHookGroupListenListenBacklogLockFileMaxClientsMaxMemFreeMaxRequestsPerChildMaxSpareThreadsMinSpareThreadsPidFileReceiveBufferSizeScoreBoardFileSendBufferSizeServerLimitStartServersThreadLimitThreadsPerChildThreadStackSizeUserApache Module mod_actionsAction指令Script指令Apache Module mod_alias处理顺序AliasAliasMatchRedirectRedirectMatchRedirectPermanentRedirectTempScriptAliasScriptAliasMatchApache Module mod_asis用法Apache Module mod_auth_basicAuthBasicAuthoritativeAuthBasicProviderApache Module mod_auth_digest使用摘要认证配合 MS Internet Explorer 6 工作AuthDigestAlgorithmAuthDigestDomainAuthDigestNcCheckAuthDigestNonceFormatAuthDigestNonceLifetimeAuthDigestProviderAuthDigestQopAuthDigestShmemSizeApache Module mod_authn_alias示例<AuthnProviderAlias>Apache Module mod_authn_anon示例AnonymousAnonymous_LogEmailAnonymous_MustGiveEmailAnonymous_NoUserIDAnonymous_VerifyEmailApache Module mod_authn_dbd配置示例AuthDBDUserPWQueryAuthDBDUserRealmQueryApache Module mod_authn_dbmAuthDBMTypeAuthDBMUserFileApache Module mod_authn_defaultAuthDefaultAuthoritativeApache Module mod_authn_fileAuthUserFileApache Module mod_authnz_ldapContentsOperationThe require Directives举例Using TLSUsing SSLUsing Microsoft FrontPage with mod_authnz_ldapAuthLDAPBindDNAuthLDAPBindPasswordAuthLDAPCharsetConfigAuthLDAPCompareDNOnServerAuthLDAPDereferenceAliasesAuthLDAPGroupAttributeAuthLDAPGroupAttributeIsDNAuthLDAPRemoteUserIsDNAuthLDAPUrlAuthzLDAPAuthoritativeApache Module mod_authz_dbmAuthDBMGroupFileAuthzDBMAuthoritativeAuthzDBMTypeApache Module mod_authz_defaultAuthzDefaultAuthoritativeApache Module mod_authz_groupfileAuthGroupFileAuthzGroupFileAuthoritativeApache Module mod_authz_hostAllowDenyOrderApache Module mod_authz_owner配置示例AuthzOwnerAuthoritativeApache Module mod_authz_userAuthzUserAuthoritativeApache Module mod_autoindexAutoindex Request Query ArgumentsAddAltAddAltByEncodingAddAltByTypeAddDescriptionAddIconAddIconByEncodingAddIconByTypeDefaultIconHeaderNameIndexIgnoreIndexOptionsIndexOrderDefaultIndexStyleSheetReadmeNameApache Module mod_cacheRelated Modules and Directives配置示例CacheDefaultExpireCacheDisableCacheEnableCacheIgnoreCacheControlCacheIgnoreHeadersCacheIgnoreNoLastModCacheLastModifiedFactorCacheMaxExpireCacheStoreNoStoreCacheStorePrivateApache Module mod_cern_metaMetaDirMetaFilesMetaSuffixApache Module mod_cgiCGI 环境变量CGI 脚本的调试ScriptLogScriptLogBufferScriptLogLengthApache Module mod_cgidScriptSockScriptLogScriptLogBufferScriptLogLengthApache Module mod_charset_liteCommon ProblemsCharsetDefaultCharsetOptionsCharsetSourceEncApache Module mod_davEnabling WebDAVSecurity IssuesComplex ConfigurationsDavDavDepthInfinityDavMinTimeoutApache Module mod_dav_fsDavLockDBApache Module mod_dav_lockDavGenericLockDBApache Module mod_dbdConnection PoolingApache DBD APISQL Prepared StatementsDBDExptimeDBDKeepDBDMaxDBDMinDBDParamsDBDPersistDBDPrepareSQLDBDriverApache Module mod_deflate配置举例启用压缩代理服务器DeflateBufferSizeDeflateCompressionLevelDeflateFilterNoteDeflateMemLevelDeflateWindowSizeApache Module mod_dirDirectoryIndexDirectorySlashApache Module mod_disk_cacheCacheDirLengthCacheDirLevelsCacheMaxFileSizeCacheMinFileSizeCacheRootApache Module mod_dumpio启用dumpio支持DumpIOInputDumpIOOutputApache Module mod_echoProtocolEchoApache Module mod_envPassEnvSetEnvUnsetEnvApache Module mod_exampleCompiling the example moduleUsing the mod_example ModuleExampleApache Module mod_expires交替间隔语法ExpiresActiveExpiresByTypeExpiresDefaultApache Module mod_ext_filter举例ExtFilterDefineExtFilterOptionsApache Module mod_file_cacheUsing mod_file_cacheCacheFileMMapFileApache Module mod_filterSmart FilteringFilter DeclarationsConfiguring the ChainExamplesProtocol HandlingFilterChainFilterDeclareFilterProtocolFilterProviderFilterTraceApache Module mod_headers处理顺序前处理和后处理举例HeaderRequestHeaderApache Module mod_identIdentityCheckIdentityCheckTimeoutApache Module mod_imagemapNew FeaturesImagemap FileExample MapfileReferencing your mapfileImapBaseImapDefaultImapMenuApache Module mod_includeEnabling Server-Side IncludesPATH_INFO with Server Side IncludesBasic ElementsInclude VariablesVariable SubstitutionFlow Control ElementsSSIEndTagSSIErrorMsgSSIStartTagSSITimeFormatSSIUndefinedEchoXBitHackApache Module mod_info安全问题选择哪些信息可以被显示已知的局限AddModuleInfoApache Module mod_isapi用法附加注释程序员注记ISAPIAppendLogToErrorsISAPIAppendLogToQueryISAPICacheFileISAPIFakeAsyncISAPILogNotSupportedISAPIReadAheadBufferApache Module mod_ldap示例配置LDAP 连接池LDAP 缓冲使用SSL/TLSSSL/TLS 证书LDAPCacheEntriesLDAPCacheTTLLDAPConnectionTimeoutLDAPOpCacheEntriesLDAPOpCacheTTLLDAPSharedCacheFileLDAPSharedCacheSizeLDAPTrustedClientCertLDAPTrustedGlobalCertLDAPTrustedModeLDAPVerifyServerCertApache Module mod_log_config定制日志文件格式安全考虑BufferedLogsCookieLogCustomLogLogFormatTransferLogApache Module mod_log_forensic定制日志文件格式安全考虑ForensicLogApache Module mod_logio定制日志文件格式Apache Module mod_mem_cacheMCacheMaxObjectCountMCacheMaxObjectSizeMCacheMaxStreamingBufferMCacheMinObjectSizeMCacheRemovalAlgorithmMCacheSizeApache Module mod_mime带多扩展名的文件内容编码字符集和语言AddCharsetAddEncodingAddHandlerAddInputFilterAddLanguageAddOutputFilterAddTypeDefaultLanguageModMimeUsePathInfoMultiviewsMatchRemoveCharsetRemoveEncodingRemoveHandlerRemoveInputFilterRemoveLanguageRemoveOutputFilterRemoveTypeTypesConfigApache Module mod_mime_magic"Magic文件"的格式性能问题注意MimeMagicFileApache Module mod_negotiation类型表MultiViewsCacheNegotiatedDocsForceLanguagePriorityLanguagePriorityApache Module mod_nw_sslNWSSLTrustedCertsNWSSLUpgradeableSecureListenApache Module mod_proxy正向和反向代理简单示例控制对代理服务器的访问缓慢启动局域网代理协议调整请求体AllowCONNECTNoProxy<Proxy>ProxyBadHeaderProxyBlockProxyDomainProxyErrorOverrideProxyIOBufferSize<ProxyMatch>ProxyMaxForwardsProxyPassProxyPassReverseProxyPassReverseCookieDomainProxyPassReverseCookiePathProxyPreserveHostProxyReceiveBufferSizeProxyRemoteProxyRemoteMatchProxyRequestsProxyTimeoutProxyViaApache Module mod_proxy_ajpOverview of the protocolBasic Packet StructureRequest Packet StructureResponse Packet StructureApache Module mod_proxy_balancerLoad balancer scheduler algorithmRequest Counting AlgorithmWeighted Traffic Counting AlgorithmEnabling Balancer Manager SupportApache Module mod_proxy_connectApache Module mod_proxy_ftp为什么xxx类型的文件不能从FTP下载?如何强制文件xxx使用FTP的ASCII形式下载?我如何使用FTP上传?我如何能访问我自己home目录以外的FTP文件?我如何才能在浏览器的URL框中隐藏FTP的明文密码?Apache Module mod_proxy_httpApache Module mod_rewrite特殊字符的引用环境变量实用方案RewriteBaseRewriteCondRewriteEngineRewriteLockRewriteLogRewriteLogLevelRewriteMapRewriteOptionsRewriteRuleApache Module mod_setenvifBrowserMatchBrowserMatchNoCaseSetEnvIfSetEnvIfNoCaseApache Module mod_so为Windows创建可加载模块LoadFileLoadModuleApache Module mod_spelingCheckSpellingApache Module mod_ssl环境变量Custom Log FormatsSSLCACertificateFileSSLCACertificatePathSSLCADNRequestFileSSLCADNRequestPathSSLCARevocationFileSSLCARevocationPathSSLCertificateChainFileSSLCertificateFileSSLCertificateKeyFileSSLCipherSuiteSSLCryptoDeviceSSLEngineSSLHonorCipherOrderSSLMutexSSLOptionsSSLPassPhraseDialogSSLProtocolSSLProxyCACertificateFileSSLProxyCACertificatePathSSLProxyCARevocationFileSSLProxyCARevocationPathSSLProxyCipherSuiteSSLProxyEngineSSLProxyMachineCertificateFileSSLProxyMachineCertificatePathSSLProxyProtocolSSLProxyVerifySSLProxyVerifyDepthSSLRandomSeedSSLRequireSSLRequireSSLSSLSessionCacheSSLSessionCacheTimeoutSSLUserNameSSLVerifyClientSSLVerifyDepthApache Module mod_statusEnabling Status Support自动更新Machine Readable Status FileExtendedStatusApache Module mod_suexecSuexecUserGroupApache Module mod_unique_idTheoryApache Module mod_userdirUserDirApache Module mod_usertrackLogging2-digit or 4-digit dates for cookies?CookieDomainCookieExpiresCookieNameCookieStyleCookieTrackingApache Module mod_version<IfVersion>Apache Module mod_vhost_alias目录名称的转换示例VirtualDocumentRootVirtualDocumentRootIPVirtualScriptAliasVirtualScriptAliasIP开发者文档OverviewTopicsExternal ResourcesApache API notesBasic conceptsHow handlers workResource allocation and resource poolsConfigurationDebugging Memory Allocation in APRAvailable debugging optionsAllowable CombinationsActivating Debugging OptionsDocumenting Apache 2.0Apache 2.0 Hook FunctionsCreating a hook functionHooking the hookConverting Modules from Apache 1.3 to Apache 2.0The easier changes ...The messier changes...Request Processing in Apache 2.0The Request Processing CycleThe Request Parsing PhaseThe Security PhaseThe Preparation PhaseThe Handler PhaseHow Filters Work in Apache 2.0Filter TypesHow are filters inserted?AsisExplanations词汇和索引词汇表模块索引指令索引指令速查译者声明
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Apache模块 mod_autoindex

说明 自动对目录中的内容生成列表,类似于"ls"或"dir"命令
状态 基本(B)
模块名 autoindex_module
源文件 mod_autoindex.c

概述

The index of a directory can come from one of two sources:

  • A file written by the user, typically called index.html. The DirectoryIndex directive sets the name of this file. This is controlled by mod_dir.
  • Otherwise, a listing generated by the server. The other directives control the format of this listing. The AddIcon, AddIconByEncodingAddIconByType are used to set a list of icons to display for various file types; for each file listed, the first icon listed that matches the file is displayed. These are controlled by mod_autoindex.

The two functions are separated so that you can completely remove (or replace) automatic index generation should you want to.

Automatic index generation is enabled with using Options +Indexes. See the Options directive for more details.

If the FancyIndexing option is given with the IndexOptions directive, the column headers are links that control the order of the display. If you select a header link, the listing will be regenerated, sorted by the values in that column. Selecting the same header repeatedly toggles between ascending and descending order. These column header links are suppressed with IndexOptions directive's SuppressColumnSorting option.

Note that when the display is sorted by "Size", it's the actual size of the files that's used, not the displayed value - so a 1010-byte file will always be displayed before a 1011-byte file (if in ascending order) even though they both are shown as "1K".

Autoindex Request Query Arguments

Apache 2.0.23 reorganized the Query Arguments for Column Sorting, and introduced an entire group of new query options. To effectively eliminate all client control over the output, the IndexOptions IgnoreClient option was introduced.

The column sorting headers themselves are self-referencing hyperlinks that add the sort query options shown below. Any option below may be added to any request for the directory resource.

  • C=N sorts the directory by file name
  • C=M sorts the directory by last-modified date, then file name
  • C=S sorts the directory by size, then file name
  • C=D sorts the directory by description, then file name
  • O=A sorts the listing in Ascending Order
  • O=D sorts the listing in Descending Order
  • F=0 formats the listing as a simple list (not FancyIndexed)
  • F=1 formats the listing as a FancyIndexed list
  • F=2 formats the listing as an HTMLTable FancyIndexed list
  • V=0 disables version sorting
  • V=1 enables version sorting
  • P=pattern lists only files matching the given pattern

Note that the 'P'attern query argument is tested after the usual IndexIgnore directives are processed, and all file names are still subjected to the same criteria as any other autoindex listing. The Query Arguments parser in mod_autoindex will stop abruptly when an unrecognized option is encountered. The Query Arguments must be well formed, according to the table above.

The simple example below, which can be clipped and saved in a header.html file, illustrates these query options. Note that the unknown "X" argument, for the submit button, is listed last to assure the arguments are all parsed before mod_autoindex encounters the X=Go input.

<form action="" method="get">
Show me a <select name="F">
<option value="0"> Plain list</option>
<option value="1" selected="selected"> Fancy list</option>
<option value="2"> Table list</option>
</select>
Sorted by <select name="C">
<option value="N" selected="selected"> Name</option>
<option value="M"> Date Modified</option>
<option value="S"> Size</option>
<option value="D"> Description</option>
</select>
<select name="O">
<option value="A" selected="selected"> Ascending</option>
<option value="D"> Descending</option>
</select>
<select name="V">
<option value="0" selected="selected"> in Normal order</option>
<option value="1"> in Version order</option>
</select>
Matching <input type="text" name="P" value="*" />
<input type="submit" name="X" value="Go" />
</form>

AddAlt 指令

说明 Alternate text to display for a file, instead of an icon selected by filename
语法 AddAlt string file [file] ...
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

AddAlt provides the alternate text to display for a file, instead of an icon, for FancyIndexing. File is a file extension, partial filename, wild-card expression or full filename for files to describe. If String contains any whitespace, you have to enclose it in quotes ("'). This alternate text is displayed if the client is image-incapable, has image loading disabled, or fails to retrieve the icon.

例子

AddAlt "PDF file" *.pdf
AddAlt Compressed *.gz *.zip *.Z

AddAltByEncoding 指令

说明 Alternate text to display for a file instead of an icon selected by MIME-encoding
语法 AddAltByEncoding string MIME-encoding [MIME-encoding] ...
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

AddAltByEncoding provides the alternate text to display for a file, instead of an icon, for FancyIndexing. MIME-encoding is a valid content-encoding, such as x-compress. If String contains any whitespace, you have to enclose it in quotes ("'). This alternate text is displayed if the client is image-incapable, has image loading disabled, or fails to retrieve the icon.

示例

AddAltByEncoding gzip x-gzip

AddAltByType 指令

说明 Alternate text to display for a file, instead of an icon selected by MIME content-type
语法 AddAltByType string MIME-type [MIME-type] ...
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

AddAltByType sets the alternate text to display for a file, instead of an icon, for FancyIndexing. MIME-type is a valid content-type, such as text/html. If String contains any whitespace, you have to enclose it in quotes ("'). This alternate text is displayed if the client is image-incapable, has image loading disabled, or fails to retrieve the icon.

示例

AddAltByType 'plain text' text/plain

AddDescription 指令

说明 Description to display for a file
语法 AddDescription string file [file] ...
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

This sets the description to display for a file, for FancyIndexing. File is a file extension, partial filename, wild-card expression or full filename for files to describe. String is enclosed in double quotes (").

示例

AddDescription "The planet Mars" /web/pics/mars.gif

The typical, default description field is 23 bytes wide. 6 more bytes are added by the IndexOptions SuppressIcon option, 7 bytes are added by the IndexOptions SuppressSize option, and 19 bytes are added by the IndexOptions SuppressLastModified option. Therefore, the widest default the description column is ever assigned is 55 bytes.

See the DescriptionWidth IndexOptions keyword for details on overriding the size of this column, or allowing descriptions of unlimited length.

Caution

Descriptive text defined with AddDescription may contain HTML markup, such as tags and character entities. If the width of the description column should happen to truncate a tagged element (such as cutting off the end of a bolded phrase), the results may affect the rest of the directory listing.

AddIcon 指令

说明 Icon to display for a file selected by name
语法 AddIcon icon name [name] ...
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

This sets the icon to display next to a file ending in name for FancyIndexing. Icon is either a (%-escaped) relative URL to the icon, or of the format (alttext, url) where alttext is the text tag given for an icon for non-graphical browsers.

Name is either ^^DIRECTORY^^ for directories, ^^BLANKICON^^ for blank lines (to format the list correctly), a file extension, a wildcard expression, a partial filename or a complete filename.

例子

AddIcon (IMG,/icons/image.xbm) .gif .jpg .xbm
AddIcon /icons/dir.xbm ^^DIRECTORY^^
AddIcon /icons/backup.xbm *~

AddIconByType should be used in preference to AddIcon, when possible.

AddIconByEncoding 指令

说明 Icon to display next to files selected by MIME content-encoding
语法 AddIconByEncoding icon MIME-encoding [MIME-encoding] ...
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

This sets the icon to display next to files with FancyIndexing. Icon is either a (%-escaped) relative URL to the icon, or of the format (alttext, url) where alttext is the text tag given for an icon for non-graphical browsers.

MIME-encoding is a wildcard expression matching required the content-encoding.

示例

AddIconByEncoding /icons/compress.xbm x-compress

AddIconByType 指令

说明 Icon to display next to files selected by MIME content-type
语法 AddIconByType icon MIME-type [MIME-type] ...
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

This sets the icon to display next to files of type MIME-type for FancyIndexing. Icon is either a (%-escaped) relative URL to the icon, or of the format (alttext, url) where alttext is the text tag given for an icon for non-graphical browsers.

MIME-type is a wildcard expression matching required the mime types.

示例

AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image.xbm) image/*

DefaultIcon 指令

说明 Icon to display for files when no specific icon is configured
语法 DefaultIcon url-path
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

DefaultIcon directive sets the icon to display for files when no specific icon is known, for FancyIndexing. Url-path is a (%-escaped) relative URL to the icon.

示例

DefaultIcon /icon/unknown.xbm

HeaderName 指令

说明 Name of the file that will be inserted at the top of the index listing
语法 HeaderName filename
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

HeaderName directive sets the name of the file that will be inserted at the top of the index listing. Filename is the name of the file to include.

示例

HeaderName HEADER.html

Both HeaderName and ReadmeName now treat Filename as a URI path relative to the one used to access the directory being indexed. If Filename begins with a slash, it will be taken to be relative to the DocumentRoot.

示例

HeaderName /include/HEADER.html

Filename must resolve to a document with a major content type of text/* (例如,text/html, text/plain, etc.). This means that filename may refer to a CGI script if the script's actual file type (as opposed to its output) is marked as text/html such as with a directive like:

AddType text/html .cgi

Content negotiation will be performed if Options MultiViews is in effect. If filename resolves to a static text/html document (not a CGI script) and either one of the options IncludesIncludesNOEXEC is enabled, the file will be processed for server-side includes (see the mod_include documentation).

If the file specified by HeaderName contains the beginnings of an HTML document (<html>, <head>, etc.) then you will probably want to set IndexOptions +SuppressHTMLPreamble, so that these tags are not repeated.

IndexIgnore 指令

说明 Adds to the list of files to hide when listing a directory
语法 IndexIgnore file [file] ...
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

IndexIgnore directive adds to the list of files to hide when listing a directory. File is a shell-style wildcard expression or full filename. Multiple IndexIgnore directives add to the list, rather than the replacing the list of ignored files. By default, the list contains . (the current directory).

IndexIgnore README .htaccess *.bak *~

IndexOptions 指令

说明 Various configuration settings for directory indexing
语法 IndexOptions [+|-]option [[+|-]option] ...
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

IndexOptions directive specifies the behavior of the directory indexing. Option can be one of

DescriptionWidth=[n | *] (Apache 2.0.23 and later)
The DescriptionWidth keyword allows you to specify the width of the description column in characters.
-DescriptionWidth (or unset) allows mod_autoindex to calculate the best width.
DescriptionWidth=n fixes the column width to n bytes wide.
DescriptionWidth=* grows the column to the width necessary to accommodate the longest description string.
See the section on AddDescription for dangers inherent in truncating descriptions.
FancyIndexing
This turns on fancy indexing of directories.
FoldersFirst (Apache 2.0.23 and later)
If this option is enabled, subdirectory listings will always appear first, followed by normal files in the directory. The listing is basically broken into two components, the files and the subdirectories, and each is sorted separately and then displayed subdirectories-first. For instance, if the sort order is descending by name, and FoldersFirst is enabled, subdirectory Zed will be listed before subdirectory Beta, which will be listed before normal files GammaAlpha. This option only has an effect if FancyIndexing is also enabled.
HTMLTable (Experimental, Apache 2.0.23 and later)
This experimental option with FancyIndexing constructs a simple table for the fancy directory listing. Note this will confuse older browsers. It is particularly necessary if file names or description text will alternate between left-to-right and right-to-left reading order, as can happen on WinNT or other utf-8 enabled platforms.
IconsAreLinks
This makes the icons part of the anchor for the filename, for fancy indexing.
IconHeight[=pixels]
Presence of this option, when used with IconWidth, will cause the server to include heightwidth attributes in the img tag for the file icon. This allows browser to precalculate the page layout without having to wait until all the images have been loaded. If no value is given for the option, it defaults to the standard height of the icons supplied with the Apache software.
IconWidth[=pixels]
Presence of this option, when used with IconHeight, will cause the server to include heightwidth attributes in the img tag for the file icon. This allows browser to precalculate the page layout without having to wait until all the images have been loaded. If no value is given for the option, it defaults to the standard width of the icons supplied with the Apache software.
IgnoreCase
If this option is enabled, names are sorted in a case-insensitive manner. For instance, if the sort order is ascending by name, and IgnoreCase is enabled, file Zeta will be listed after file alfa (Note: file GAMMA will always be listed before file gamma).
IgnoreClient
This option causes mod_autoindex to ignore all query variables from the client, including sort order (implies SuppressColumnSorting.)
NameWidth=[n | *]
The NameWidth keyword allows you to specify the width of the filename column in bytes.
-NameWidth (or unset) allows mod_autoindex to calculate the best width.
NameWidth=n fixes the column width to n bytes wide.
NameWidth=* grows the column to the necessary width.
ScanHTMLTitles
This enables the extraction of the title from HTML documents for fancy indexing. If the file does not have a description given by AddDescription then httpd will read the document for the value of the title element. This is CPU and disk intensive.
ShowForbidden
If specified, Apache will show files normally hidden because the subrequest returned HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED or HTTP_FORBIDDEN
SuppressColumnSorting
If specified, Apache will not make the column headings in a FancyIndexed directory listing into links for sorting. The default behavior is for them to be links; selecting the column heading will sort the directory listing by the values in that column. Prior to Apache 2.0.23, this also disabled parsing the Query Arguments for the sort string. That behavior is now controlled by IndexOptions IgnoreClient in Apache 2.0.23.
SuppressDescription
This will suppress the file description in fancy indexing listings. By default, no file descriptions are defined, and so the use of this option will regain 23 characters of screen space to use for something else. See AddDescription for information about setting the file description. See also the DescriptionWidth index option to limit the size of the description column.
SuppressHTMLPreamble
If the directory actually contains a file specified by the HeaderName directive, the module usually includes the contents of the file after a standard HTML preamble (<html>, <head>, et cetera). The SuppressHTMLPreamble option disables this behaviour, causing the module to start the display with the header file contents. The header file must contain appropriate HTML instructions in this case. If there is no header file, the preamble is generated as usual.
SuppressIcon (Apache 2.0.23 and later)
This will suppress the icon in fancy indexing listings. Combining both SuppressIconSuppressRules yields proper HTML 3.2 output, which by the final specification prohibits imghr elements from the pre block (used to format FancyIndexed listings.)
SuppressLastModified
This will suppress the display of the last modification date, in fancy indexing listings.
SuppressRules (Apache 2.0.23 and later)
This will suppress the horizontal rule lines (hr elements) in directory listings. Combining both SuppressIconSuppressRules yields proper HTML 3.2 output, which by the final specification prohibits imghr elements from the pre block (used to format FancyIndexed listings.)
SuppressSize
This will suppress the file size in fancy indexing listings.
TrackModified (Apache 2.0.23 and later)
This returns the Last-Modified and ETag values for the listed directory in the HTTP header. It is only valid if the operating system and file system return appropriate stat() results. Some Unix systems do so, as do OS2's JFS and Win32's NTFS volumes. OS2 and Win32 FAT volumes, for example, do not. Once this feature is enabled, the client or proxy can track changes to the list of files when they perform a HEAD request. Note some operating systems correctly track new and removed files, but do not track changes for sizes or dates of the files within the directory. Changes to the size or date stamp of an existing file will not update the Last-Modified header on all Unix platforms. If this is a concern, leave this option disabled.
VersionSort (Apache 2.0a3 and later)
The VersionSort keyword causes files containing version numbers to sort in a natural way. Strings are sorted as usual, except that substrings of digits in the name and description are compared according to their numeric value.

示例:

foo-1.7
foo-1.7.2
foo-1.7.12
foo-1.8.2
foo-1.8.2a
foo-1.12

If the number starts with a zero, then it is considered to be a fraction:

foo-1.001
foo-1.002
foo-1.030
foo-1.04

XHTML (Apache 2.0.49 and later)
The XHTML keyword forces mod_autoindex to emit XHTML 1.0 code instead of HTML 3.2.
Incremental IndexOptions

Apache 1.3.3 introduced some significant changes in the handling of IndexOptions directives. In particular:

  • Multiple IndexOptions directives for a single directory are now merged together. The result of:

    <Directory /foo> IndexOptions HTMLTable
    IndexOptions SuppressColumnsorting
    </Directory>

    will be the equivalent of

    IndexOptions HTMLTable SuppressColumnsorting

  • The addition of the incremental syntax (i.e., prefixing keywords with +-).

Whenever a '+' or '-' prefixed keyword is encountered, it is applied to the current IndexOptions settings (which may have been inherited from an upper-level directory). However, whenever an unprefixed keyword is processed, it clears all inherited options and any incremental settings encountered so far. Consider the following example:

IndexOptions +ScanHTMLTitles -IconsAreLinks FancyIndexing
IndexOptions +SuppressSize

The net effect is equivalent to IndexOptions FancyIndexing +SuppressSize, because the unprefixed FancyIndexing discarded the incremental keywords before it, but allowed them to start accumulating again afterward.

To unconditionally set the IndexOptions for a particular directory, clearing the inherited settings, specify keywords without any +- prefixes.

IndexOrderDefault 指令

说明 Sets the default ordering of the directory index
语法 IndexOrderDefault Ascending|Descending Name|Date|Size|Description
默认值 IndexOrderDefault Ascending Name
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

IndexOrderDefault directive is used in combination with the FancyIndexing index option. By default, fancyindexed directory listings are displayed in ascending order by filename; the IndexOrderDefault allows you to change this initial display order.

IndexOrderDefault takes two arguments. The first must be either AscendingDescending, indicating the direction of the sort. The second argument must be one of the keywords Name, Date, Size, or Description, and identifies the primary key. The secondary key is always the ascending filename.

You can force a directory listing to only be displayed in a particular order by combining this directive with the SuppressColumnSorting index option; this will prevent the client from requesting the directory listing in a different order.

IndexStyleSheet 指令

说明 Adds a CSS stylesheet to the directory index
语法 IndexStyleSheet url-path
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

IndexStyleSheet directive sets the name of the file that will be used as the CSS for the index listing.

示例

IndexStyleSheet "/css/style.css"

ReadmeName 指令

说明 Name of the file that will be inserted at the end of the index listing
语法 ReadmeName filename
作用域 server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess
覆盖项 Indexes
状态 基本(B)
模块 mod_autoindex

ReadmeName directive sets the name of the file that will be appended to the end of the index listing. Filename is the name of the file to include, and is taken to be relative to the location being indexed. If Filename begins with a slash, it will be taken to be relative to the DocumentRoot.

示例

ReadmeName FOOTER.html

Example 2

ReadmeName /include/FOOTER.html

See also HeaderName, where this behavior is described in greater detail.

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