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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorial关于kafka可能会丢失消息的问题?

各位大神,小弟最近研究kafka,看了很多说kafka可能会丢失消息。

实在不太明白做日志系统,在什么场景下可以容忍消息的丢失。

比如做实时日志分析系统的话,那么就是说我所看到的日志信息中可能是不全的,如果出现异常日志看不到可能会影响问题的定位?

还有看到说分布式集群kafka的某一节点崩溃可能也会导致这一节点消息的丢失(这个看kafka与rabbitMQ做对比的时候说到的,rabbitMQ不会有这个问题)。

如果说kafka这么不靠谱,为啥这么多大公司都在使用呢?

回复内容:

各位大神,小弟最近研究kafka,看了很多说kafka可能会丢失消息。

实在不太明白做日志系统,在什么场景下可以容忍消息的丢失。

比如做实时日志分析系统的话,那么就是说我所看到的日志信息中可能是不全的,如果出现异常日志看不到可能会影响问题的定位?

还有看到说分布式集群kafka的某一节点崩溃可能也会导致这一节点消息的丢失(这个看kafka与rabbitMQ做对比的时候说到的,rabbitMQ不会有这个问题)。

如果说kafka这么不靠谱,为啥这么多大公司都在使用呢?

rabbitMQ怎么做的,我不知道。

kafka会丢消息主要集中在两个环节

  1. 消息落盘时机

消息落盘有异步刷新和同步刷新两种,明显异步刷新的可靠性要高很多。但在某些场景下追求性能而忽略可靠性,可以启用。

  1. 消息存储维护

持久化存储,这句话不是说来玩的。Oracle/MySQL做了这么久的存储,其中的灾难恢复工具等都非常完备并形成体系(出问题你能找到人并能解决问题)kafka的存储谁特么知道~工具又特么的少!

另外就是落盘的存储介质,如果不做raid,那么单盘存在损坏的可能;做了raid,则成本上升。如果做多集copy,则存在网络同步延时所带来的瞬间数据不一致。

小结:kafka你要做到完全不丢数据(在非大灾大难的情况下,比如机房被原子弹轰炸;或者raid被误操作弄错同步时间或者低格等),是完全可以的。代价就是丢失一定的性能。

所以kafka我一般用在业务允许少量数据丢失但整体吞吐量非常大的场景(比如日志采集),数据统计分析(却少几百条数据不会对亿万级的样本空间产生什么影响)。

kafka也可以用在两个可靠存储之间做数据同步,比如MySQL(写)->MySQL(度),因为MySQL(写)保证了数据可被重放,所以kafka出问题时恢复速度和恢复可靠程度是可以得到保证的。

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