What are the coding standards for php

php's coding specifications include indentation and spaces, naming conventions, comments, functions and methods, conditional statements and loops, error handling, file and directory structure and other specifications. Detailed introduction: 1. Indentation and spaces, use 4 spaces for indentation instead of tabs, do not use spaces at the end of each line of code, unless there are special circumstances, add spaces before and after operators and after commas, such as " $a = $b $c;”; 2. Naming standards, choose names that are meaningful and can accurately express the purpose of variables, functions and classes, use camel case naming, the first letter is lowercase, etc.

The operating environment of this article: Windows 10 system, PHP8.1.3 version, Dell G3 computer.

Good coding standards can make the code easy to read, understand and maintain, improving code quality and team collaboration efficiency. Here are some common PHP coding conventions I’ve summarized:

Indentation and spaces:

Use 4 spaces for indentation instead of tabs.

Do not use spaces at the end of each line of code unless there are special circumstances.

Add spaces before and after operators and after commas, for example $a = $b $c;.

Naming convention:

Choose names that are meaningful and accurately express the purpose of variables, functions, and classes.

Use camel case naming, with the first letter lowercase, such as $firstName.

Class names should start with a capital letter, such as UserModel.

Comments:

Add file comments at the top of each file, including file name, author, description, and copyright information.

Add comments before the definition of each function and class to describe its role and parameters.

Use comments in code to explain complex logic or key steps.

Functions and methods:

Function and method names should be verbs or verb phrases that describe their operations.

Functions and methods should only complete one specific task, maintaining the single responsibility principle.

Parameters of functions and methods should use descriptive names and avoid using single letters as parameter names.

Conditional statements and loops:

Use curly braces to wrap conditional statements and loops, even if it’s just one line of code.

Use appropriate brackets in conditional statements to improve code readability.

Avoid excessively nested conditional statements and loops, and use early return or early termination to optimize code.

Error handling:

Use exception handling to handle expected errors and exceptions.

Use try-catch blocks in your code to catch and handle exceptions.

When an error occurs, error information and context should be logged to facilitate debugging and repair.

File and directory structure:

A file should only contain one class or one function.

The naming of files and directories should be associated with classes or functions.

Use an appropriate directory structure to organize your code so that it is easy to find and maintain.

Other specifications:

Follow PSR (PHP Standard Recommendations) specifications such as PSR-1 and PSR-2.

Avoid using global variables and magic constants, and use dependency injection and singleton patterns to manage shared state.

Try to avoid using too long lines of code. It is generally recommended not to exceed 80 characters.

The above are just some common PHP coding specifications. In fact, there are many other specifications that can be followed. It is important to work with team members to develop and follow consistent coding guidelines to ensure code consistency and maintainability.

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