php正则替换内容的方法:1、用preg_replace(),可执行正则表达式的搜索和替换,语法“preg_filter (正则式,替换值,数据)”;2、用preg_filter(),语法“preg_filter(正则式,替换值,数据)”。
本教程操作环境:windows7系统、PHP8.1版、DELL G3电脑
在php中,可以使用下面两个函数来实现正则替换内容(字符串)
preg_replace():执行一个正则表达式的搜索和替换
preg_filter():执行一个正则表达式的搜索和替换
1、使用preg_replace()函数
preg_replace() 函数可以执行正则表达式的搜索和替换,是一个强大的字符串替换处理函数。语法格式:
preg_replace ( mixed $pattern , mixed $replacement , mixed $subject [, int $limit = -1 [, int &$count ]] )
搜索 subject 中匹配 pattern 的部分, 以 replacement 进行替换。
参数说明:
$pattern: 要搜索的模式,可以是字符串或一个字符串数组。
$replacement: 用于替换的字符串或字符串数组。
$subject: 要搜索替换的目标字符串或字符串数组。
$limit: 可选,对于每个模式用于每个 subject 字符串的最大可替换次数。 默认是-1(无限制)。
$count: 可选,为替换执行的次数。
返回值
如果 subject 是一个数组, preg_replace() 返回一个数组, 其他情况下返回一个字符串。
如果匹配被查找到,替换后的 subject 被返回,其他情况下 返回没有改变的 subject。如果发生错误,返回 NULL。
示例1:将 hello 替换为 phpcn
<?php $string = 'hello 123, 456'; $pattern = '/(\w+) (\d+), (\d+)/i'; $replacement = 'phpcn ${2},$3'; echo preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $string); ?>
示例2:删除空格字符
<?php header('content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8'); $str = '欢 迎 来 到 p h p 中 文 网'; $str = preg_replace('/\s+/', '', $str); // 将会改变为'欢迎来到php中文网' echo $str; ?>
2、使用preg_filter()函数
preg_filter() 函数也用于执行一个正则表达式的搜索和替换,等价于preg_replace() 函数;不同的是 preg_filter() 函数只返回匹配成功的结果,而 preg_replace() 返回所有结果,不管是否匹配成功。
示例:比较preg_filter() 和preg_replace()
<?php header('content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8'); $subject = array('1', 'a', '2', 'b', '3', 'A', 'B', '4'); $pattern = array('/\d/', '/[a-z]/', '/[1a]/'); $replace = array('A:$0', 'B:$0', 'C:$0'); echo "preg_filter 返回值:"; var_dump(preg_filter($pattern, $replace, $subject)); echo "preg_replace 返回值:"; var_dump(preg_replace($pattern, $replace, $subject)); ?>
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