How to set random numbers in php

How to set random numbers in php: 1. Generate random numbers through "mt_rand()"; 2. Generate random numbers through "make_password" method; 3. Generate random numbers through "get_password" method; 4. The "getrandstr" method generates random numbers.

The operating environment of this article: windows7 system, PHP8 version, DELL G3 computer

Article directory

• The first method uses mt_rand()
• The second method (fastest)
• The third method takes the current timestamp
• The fourth method is to print Random string
• 5 //Start creating verification code (generate directly with function, more convenient and fast)
• Comparison of the effect of php mt_rand generating 0~1 random decimal

The first method uses mt_rand()

function GetRandStr($length){
$str='abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789';
$len=strlen($str)-1;
$randstr='';
for($i=0;$i<$length;$i++){
$num=mt_rand(0,$len);
$randstr .= $str[$num];
}
return $randstr;
}
$number=GetRandStr(6);
echo $number;

The second method (fastest)

function make_password( $length = 8 )
{
    // 密码字符集，可任意添加你需要的字符
    $chars = array('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 
    'i', 'j', 'k', 'l','m', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 
    't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y','z', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 
    'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L','M', 'N', 'O', 
    'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y','Z', 
    '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '!', 
    '@','#', '$', '%', '^', '&', '*', '(', ')', '-', '_', 
    &#39;[&#39;, &#39;]&#39;, &#39;{&#39;, &#39;}&#39;, &#39;<&#39;, &#39;>&#39;, &#39;~&#39;, &#39;`&#39;, &#39;+&#39;, &#39;=&#39;, &#39;,&#39;, 
    &#39;.&#39;, &#39;;&#39;, &#39;:&#39;, &#39;/&#39;, &#39;?&#39;, &#39;|&#39;);
    // 在 $chars 中随机取 $length 个数组元素键名
    $keys = array_rand($chars, $length); 
    $password = &#39;&#39;;
    for($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++)
    {
        // 将 $length 个数组元素连接成字符串
        $password .= $chars[$keys[$i]];
    }
    return $password;
}

The third Get the current timestamp

function get_password( $length = 8 ) 
{
    $str = substr(md5(time()), 0, $length);//md5加密，time()当前时间戳
    return $str;
}

The fourth scrambled string

function getrandstr(){
$str='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890';
$randStr = str_shuffle($str);//打乱字符串
$rands= substr($randStr,0,6);//substr(string,start,length);返回字符串的一部分
return $rands;
}

5 //Start creating the verification code (generated directly with the function , more convenient and fast)

$code = rand(10000, 99999);

php mt_rand generates 0~1 random decimal effect comparison

lcg_value description

float lcg_value ( void )
lcg_value() returns a pseudo-random number in the range (0, 1). This function combines two congruential generators with periods 2^31 - 85 and 2^31 - 249. The period of this function is equal to the product of these two prime numbers.

Return: pseudo-random number in the range (0, 1).

<?php
for($i=0; $i<5; $i++){
    echo lcg_value().PHP_EOL;
}
?>

Output:

0.11516515851995
0.064684551575297
0.68275174031189
0.55730746529099
0.70215008878091

Comparison of two methods of generating random decimals from 0 to 1

Execution time comparison

The running time of executing 100,000 times based on mt_rand() and mt_getrandmax() algorithm

<?php
/**
 * 生成0~1随机小数
 * @param  Int   $min
 * @param  Int   $max
 * @return Float
 */
function randFloat($min=0, $max=1){
    return $min + mt_rand()/mt_getrandmax() * ($max-$min);
}
 
// 获取microtime
function get_microtime(){
    list($usec, $sec) = explode(&#39; &#39;, microtime());
    return (float)$usec + (float)$sec;
}
 
// 记录开始时间
$starttime = get_microtime();
 
// 执行10万次获取随机小数
for($i=0; $i<100000; $i++){
    randFloat();
}
 
// 记录结束时间
$endtime = get_microtime();
 
// 输出运行时间
printf("run time %f ms\r\n", ($endtime-$starttime)*1000);
?>

Output: run time 266.893148 ms

Execution 10 Running time of 10,000 times lcg_value()

<?php
// 获取microtime
function get_microtime(){
    list($usec, $sec) = explode(&#39; &#39;, microtime());
    return (float)$usec + (float)$sec;
}
 
 
// 记录开始时间
$starttime = get_microtime();
 
 
// 执行10万次获取随机小数
for($i=0; $i<100000; $i++){
    lcg_value();
}
 
 
// 记录结束时间
$endtime = get_microtime();
 
 
// 输出运行时间
printf("run time %f ms\r\n", ($endtime-$starttime)*1000);
?>

Output: run time 86.178064 ms

Execution time comparison, because lcg_value() is directly a PHP native method, and mt_rand() and mt_getrandmax() Two methods need to be called, and calculations need to be done, so the execution time of lcg_value() is about 3 times faster.

Random effect comparison

Random effect based on mt_rand() and mt_getrandmax() algorithms

<?php
/**
 * 生成0~1随机小数
 * @param  Int   $min
 * @param  Int   $max
 * @return Float
 */
function randFloat($min=0, $max=1){
    return $min + mt_rand()/mt_getrandmax() * ($max-$min);
}
 
 
header(&#39;content-type: image/png&#39;);
$im = imagecreatetruecolor(512, 512);
$color1 = imagecolorallocate($im, 255, 255, 255);
$color2 = imagecolorallocate($im, 0, 0, 0);
for($y=0; $y<512; $y++){
    for($x=0; $x<512; $x++){
        $rand = randFloat();
        if(round($rand,2)>=0.5){
            imagesetpixel($im, $x, $y, $color1);
        }else{
            imagesetpixel($im, $x, $y, $color2);
        }
    }
}
imagepng($im);
imagedestroy($im);
?>

lcg_value ()’s random effect

<?php
header(&#39;content-type: image/png&#39;);
$im = imagecreatetruecolor(512, 512);
$color1 = imagecolorallocate($im, 255, 255, 255);
$color2 = imagecolorallocate($im, 0, 0, 0);
for($y=0; $y<512; $y++){
    for($x=0; $x<512; $x++){
        $rand = lcg_value();
        if(round($rand,2)>=0.5){
            imagesetpixel($im, $x, $y, $color1);
        }else{
            imagesetpixel($im, $x, $y, $color2);
        }
    }
}
imagepng($im);
imagedestroy($im);
?>

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