LAMP就是:Linux,Apache,Mysql,PHP的首字母缩写。
实验环境
Linux :CentOS-3 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64
Apache:httpd-2.4.16.tar.gz
Mysql :mysql-5.5.24.tar.gz
PHP :php-5.6.11.tar.bz2
安装顺序为:Apahce --> Mysql --> PHP
实验步骤
方便实验先关闭iptables和selinux
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# service iptables stop
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# setenforce 0
安装以下编译工具和依赖包
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# yum -y install gcc \
> gcc-c++ \
> make \
> cmake \
> pcre-devel
安装apr和apr-util
apr是为了搭建apache的运行环境
创建apr和apr-util安装目录
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/apr
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/apr-util
将源码包解压
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# tar xf /mnt/apr-1.5.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# tar xf /mnt/apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
切换到源码包所在路径
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/apr-1.5.2/
配置apr指定安装目录
[root@CentOS-3 apr-1.5.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
以上配置完成如果没有报错则执行编译并安装
[root@CentOS-3 apr-1.5.2]# make && make install
切换到apr-util源码目录下
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/apr-util-1.5.4/
配置apr-util安装目录并指定apr所在路径
[root@CentOS-3 apr-util-1.5.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util/ --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
以上无报错即可编译并安装
[root@CentOS-3 apr-util-1.5.4]# make && make install
编译apache
创建apache根目录
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/apache
解压并切换至apache源码包目录下
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# tar xf /mnt/httpd-2.4.16.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.16/
定制httpd
[root@CentOS-3 httpd-2.4.16]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/apache \ //指定安装目录
> --enable-so \
//支持动态共享模块,否则php无法以模块方式和apache结合工作
> --enable-rewirte \ //支持URL重写
> --enable-cgi \ //支持CGI
> --enable-cgid \ //使用event或者worker的mpm模式要启用cgid
> --enable-modules=most \
> --enable-mods-shared=most \ //启动共享模块
> --enable-mpms-shared=all \ //支持所有mpm模块
> --with-apr=/usr/local/apr \ //支持所有mpm模块
> --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util //指定apr-util位置
以上无报错即可编译并安装
[root@CentOS-3 httpd-2.4.16]#make && make install
启动httpd
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
测试看httpd是否工作正常
服务器的IP地址为:192.168.10.250
安装Mysql数据库
安装数据需要先安装ncurses-devel
[root@CentOS-3 mysql-5.5.24]# yum -y install ncurses-devel
创建Mysql安装目录
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql
创建mysql用户,"-s"指定登录shell
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
解压Mysql并切换至源码包所在目录
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# tar xf /mnt/mysql-5.5.24.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.24/
使用cmake工具定义mysql
[root@CentOS-3 mysql-5.5.24]# cmake \
> -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
指定安装目录
> -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/home/mysql \
数据文件路径,如果不指定就是安装目录下的data
> -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
配置文件路径
> -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
安装INNOBASE存储引擎
> -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
安装ARCHIVE存储引擎
> -DWITH_BLCAKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
安装BLACKHOLE存储引擎
> -DWITH_READLINE=1 \
能够使用loadinfile来批量导入mysql数据
> -DWITH_SSL=system \
支持基于SSL的会话
> -DWITH_SSL=bundled
> -DWITH_ZLIB=system \
压缩库
> -DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 \
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
默认套接字文件路径
> -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
支持所有字符集
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
默认的字符集
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
字符集排序规则
以上如果没有报错则执行编译并安装数据库
[root@CentOS-3 mysql-5.5.24]# make && make install
为了系统安全将mysql目录下属组改为mysql
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# chown :mysql /usr/local/mysql/
初始化数据库
[root@CentOS-3 mysql-5.5.24]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db \
> --user=mysql \
> --ldata=/var/lib/mysql \
> --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
> --datadir=/home/mysql
创建配置文件
[root@CentOS-3 mysql-5.5.24]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
创建启动脚本,加入到service管理
[root@CentOS-3 mysql-5.5.24]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
配置开机启动
[root@CentOS-3 mysql-5.5.24]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@CentOS-3 mysql-5.5.24]# chkconfig mysqld on
添加执行权限
[root@CentOS-3 mysql-5.5.24]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
将mysql添加到$PATH环境变量中
[root@CentOS-3 mysql-5.5.24]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
输入以下内容
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
运行脚本使其立即生效
[root@CentOS-3 mysql-5.5.24]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
启动mysql
[root@CentOS-3 mysql-5.5.24]# service mysqld start
为了后面测试方便授权一个账号
进入mysql数据库
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# mysql -u root
授权tom用户所有权限
mysql> GRANT all ON *.* TO 'tom'@'192.168.10.250' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
刷新授权信息
mysql> flush privileges;
安装PHP
默认apache只能支持静态的网站要想支持动态网站需要与PHP搭配工作
php与httpd工作有三种方式分别为:CGI、Modules、FastCGI
下面以Modules方式安装PHP
创建安装目录
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/php
解压PHP并切换至PHP源码包所在目录
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# tar xf /mnt/php-5.6.11.tar.bz2 -C /usr/local/src
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/php-5.6.11/
安装GD库以及关联程序
[root@CentOS-3 php-5.6.11]# yum -y install \
> libjpeg-devel \
> libpng-devel \
> freetype-devel \
> zlib-devel \
> gettext-devel \
> libXpm-devel \
> libxml2-devel \
> fontconfig-devel \
> openssl-devel \
> bzip2-devel
配置PHP
[root@CentOS-3 php-5.6.11]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/php \
指定安装路径
> --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
指定mysql位置
> --with-openssl \
开启openssl功能
> --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
另一种mysql访问接口
> --enable-mbstring \
> --with-freetype-dir \
加载freetype字体库
> --with-jpeg-dir \
支持图片
> --with-png-dir \
> --with-zlib \
让数据文件先压缩在传送
> --with-libxml-dir=/usr \
指定xml库目录
> --enable-xml \
开启xml支持
> --enable-sockets \
让PHP支持套接字
> --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \
将mysql编译成apache模块
> --with-config-file-path=/etc \
PHP配置文件位置
> --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d \
> --with-bz2 \
> --enable-maintainer-zts
如果apache的mpm使用的是event或worker时要加,不是不用
以上如果不报错即可编译并安装
[root@CentOS-3 php-5.6.11]# make && make install
创建配置文件
[root@CentOS-3 php-5.6.11]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
编辑httpd配置文件,搜索“/AddType”添加如下内容让apache支持php格式页面
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
继续搜索“/DirectoryIndex”在此处添加一下内容以支持php主页面
LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
将httpd的默认主页修改为“.php”,并输入以下代码进行测试
切换至网页文件目录
[root@CentOS-3 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
改为index.php
[root@CentOS-3 htdocs]# mv index.html index.php
编辑文件删除原有内容,添加如下内容
phpinfo();
?>
重启httpd服务
[root@CentOS-3 htdocs]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl restart
访问服务器测试
出现以上界面说明php与httpd搭档成功
关联数据库测试
编辑网页文件删除原有内容输入以下代码
[root@CentOS-3 htdocs]# vim index.php
$conn=mysql_connect('192.168.10.250','tom','123456');
if($conn)
echo "数据库连接成功!!";
else
echo "数据库连接失败!!";
?>
访问服务器测试
以上就是lamp架构的内容了
以模块方式使php和httpd搭档工作,把PHP编译成httpd的模块,不能独立执行。当httpd需要用到php进程的时候直接从磁盘加载进来,在它内部运行即可不需要启动一个新的进程。

PHP is a server-side scripting language used for dynamic web development and server-side applications. 1.PHP is an interpreted language that does not require compilation and is suitable for rapid development. 2. PHP code is embedded in HTML, making it easy to develop web pages. 3. PHP processes server-side logic, generates HTML output, and supports user interaction and data processing. 4. PHP can interact with the database, process form submission, and execute server-side tasks.

PHP has shaped the network over the past few decades and will continue to play an important role in web development. 1) PHP originated in 1994 and has become the first choice for developers due to its ease of use and seamless integration with MySQL. 2) Its core functions include generating dynamic content and integrating with the database, allowing the website to be updated in real time and displayed in personalized manner. 3) The wide application and ecosystem of PHP have driven its long-term impact, but it also faces version updates and security challenges. 4) Performance improvements in recent years, such as the release of PHP7, enable it to compete with modern languages. 5) In the future, PHP needs to deal with new challenges such as containerization and microservices, but its flexibility and active community make it adaptable.

The core benefits of PHP include ease of learning, strong web development support, rich libraries and frameworks, high performance and scalability, cross-platform compatibility, and cost-effectiveness. 1) Easy to learn and use, suitable for beginners; 2) Good integration with web servers and supports multiple databases; 3) Have powerful frameworks such as Laravel; 4) High performance can be achieved through optimization; 5) Support multiple operating systems; 6) Open source to reduce development costs.

PHP is not dead. 1) The PHP community actively solves performance and security issues, and PHP7.x improves performance. 2) PHP is suitable for modern web development and is widely used in large websites. 3) PHP is easy to learn and the server performs well, but the type system is not as strict as static languages. 4) PHP is still important in the fields of content management and e-commerce, and the ecosystem continues to evolve. 5) Optimize performance through OPcache and APC, and use OOP and design patterns to improve code quality.

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on the project requirements. 1) PHP is suitable for web development, easy to learn, rich community resources, but the syntax is not modern enough, and performance and security need to be paid attention to. 2) Python is suitable for data science and machine learning, with concise syntax and easy to learn, but there are bottlenecks in execution speed and memory management.

PHP is used to build dynamic websites, and its core functions include: 1. Generate dynamic content and generate web pages in real time by connecting with the database; 2. Process user interaction and form submissions, verify inputs and respond to operations; 3. Manage sessions and user authentication to provide a personalized experience; 4. Optimize performance and follow best practices to improve website efficiency and security.

PHP uses MySQLi and PDO extensions to interact in database operations and server-side logic processing, and processes server-side logic through functions such as session management. 1) Use MySQLi or PDO to connect to the database and execute SQL queries. 2) Handle HTTP requests and user status through session management and other functions. 3) Use transactions to ensure the atomicity of database operations. 4) Prevent SQL injection, use exception handling and closing connections for debugging. 5) Optimize performance through indexing and cache, write highly readable code and perform error handling.

Using preprocessing statements and PDO in PHP can effectively prevent SQL injection attacks. 1) Use PDO to connect to the database and set the error mode. 2) Create preprocessing statements through the prepare method and pass data using placeholders and execute methods. 3) Process query results and ensure the security and performance of the code.


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