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substr

(PHP 4, PHP 5)

substr — 返回字符串的子串

说明

string substr ( string $string , int $start [, int $length ] )

返回字符串 string 由 start 和 length 参数指定的子字符串。

参数

string

输入字符串。

start

如果 start 是非负数，返回的字符串将从 string 的 start 位置开始，从 0 开始计算。例如，在字符串 “abcdef” 中，在位置 0 的字符是 “a”，位置 2 的字符串是 “c” 等等。

如果 start 是负数，返回的字符串将从 string 结尾处向前数第 start 个字符开始。

如果 string 的长度小于或等于 start，将返回 FALSE 。

Example #1 使用负数 start

  <?php
$rest  =  substr ( "abcdef" , - 1 );     // 返回 "f"
 $rest  =  substr ( "abcdef" , - 2 );     // 返回 "ef"
 $rest  =  substr ( "abcdef" , - 3 ,  1 );  // 返回 "d"
 ?>

length

如果提供了正数的 length，返回的字符串将从 start 处开始最多包括 length 个字符（取决于 string 的长度）。

如果提供了负数的 length，那么 string 末尾处的许多字符将会被漏掉（若 start 是负数则从字符串尾部算起）。如果 start 不在这段文本中，那么将返回一个空字符串。

如果提供了值为 0， FALSE 或 NULL 的 length，那么将返回一个空字符串。

如果没有提供 length，返回的子字符串将从 start 位置开始直到字符串结尾。

Example #2 使用负数 length

  <?php
$rest  =  substr ( "abcdef" ,  0 , - 1 );   // 返回 "abcde"
 $rest  =  substr ( "abcdef" ,  2 , - 1 );   // 返回 "cde"
 $rest  =  substr ( "abcdef" ,  4 , - 4 );   // 返回 ""
 $rest  =  substr ( "abcdef" , - 3 , - 1 );  // 返回 "de"
 ?>

返回值

返回提取的子字符串，或者在失败时返回 FALSE 。

更新日志

版本	说明
5.2.2 - 5.2.6	If the `start` parameter indicates the position of a negative truncation or beyond, false is returned. Other versions get the string from start.

范例

Example #3 substr() 基本用法

  <?php
 echo  substr ( 'abcdef' ,  1 );      // bcdef
 echo  substr ( 'abcdef' ,  1 ,  3 );   // bcd
 echo  substr ( 'abcdef' ,  0 ,  4 );   // abcd
 echo  substr ( 'abcdef' ,  0 ,  8 );   // abcdef
 echo  substr ( 'abcdef' , - 1 ,  1 );  // f

// 访问字符串中的单个字符
// 也可以使用中括号
 $string  =  'abcdef' ;
echo  $string [ 0 ];                  // a
 echo  $string [ 3 ];                  // d
 echo  $string [ strlen ( $string )- 1 ];  // f
 ?>

Example #4 substr() casting behaviour

  <?php
 class  apple  {
    public function  __toString () {
        return  "green" ;
    }
}

echo  "1) " . var_export ( substr ( "pear" ,  0 ,  2 ),  true ). PHP_EOL ;
echo  "2) " . var_export ( substr ( 54321 ,  0 ,  2 ),  true ). PHP_EOL ;
echo  "3) " . var_export ( substr (new  apple (),  0 ,  2 ),  true ). PHP_EOL ;
echo  "4) " . var_export ( substr ( true ,  0 ,  1 ),  true ). PHP_EOL ;
echo  "5) " . var_export ( substr ( false ,  0 ,  1 ),  true ). PHP_EOL ;
echo  "6) " . var_export ( substr ( "" ,  0 ,  1 ),  true ). PHP_EOL ;
echo  "7) " . var_export ( substr ( 1.2e3 ,  0 ,  4 ),  true ). PHP_EOL ;
 ?>

以上例程会输出：

1) 'pe'
2) '54'
3) 'gr'
4) '1'
5) false
6) false
7) '1200'

错误／异常

错误时返回 FALSE 。

  <?php
var_dump ( substr ( 'a' ,  1 ));  // bool(false)
 ?>

参见

strrchr() - 查找指定字符在字符串中的最后一次出现
substr_replace() - 替换字符串的子串
preg_match() - 执行一个正则表达式匹配
trim() - 去除字符串首尾处的空白字符（或者其他字符）
mb_substr() - 获取字符串的部分
wordwrap() - 打断字符串为指定数量的字串
字符串访问和修改

用户评论:

[#1] jjanak at webperfection dot net [2014-10-28 12:51:56]

interesting and maybe not so obvious behavior:

print substr('\\test', 2); // est
print substr('\\test',1); // test

if you take a closer look you will realize that the backslash was escaped, still i think it's interesting to mention :)

[#2] goren dot ali at NOSPAM dot yandex dot com [2014-09-05 15:08:09]

II use my random password generator class

<?php

class SifreOlusturucu {

//var $boyut; test

function __construct($boyut = 8) { // 8 default, 14 or more good and recommended length
$this->boyut = $boyut;
}

function sifreOlustur() {
//$this->boyut;
$karakterler = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789!@#$%^&*()_-=+;:,.?';
$sifre = substr( str_shuffle( $karakterler ), 0, $this->boyut);
print_r($sifre);
}
}

$olustur = new SifreOlusturucu(16);
$olustur->sifreOlustur(); // output: wIsLiXzH1uP@hqSm

[#3] Anonymous [2014-08-27 22:14:27]

substr() exhibits rather unexpected behavior with respect to when it returns "" and when it returns FALSE. Specifically, the following appears to hold (tested on PHP 5.4.19):

* if $string is "", it always returns FALSE

* if ($start >= 0) and ($start >= strlen($string)) it returns FALSE

* if ($start >= 0) and ($length<($start - strlen($string))) it returns FALSE

* if ($start < 0) then it returns FALSE if *and only if* $length<-strlen($string).

No other cases return FALSE.
Note that in the last case, the position indicated by $start doesn't actually matter!

Also worth noting is that if you supply a $start that is < -strlen($string), it will be treated exactly as if you had set $start = strlen($string).

Here are some test cases to illustrate this behavior:

substr("",0,0) === FALSE
substr("",0,4) === FALSE
substr("",-2,4) === FALSE

substr("abc",3,0) === FALSE
substr("abc",3,10) === FALSE
substr("abc",3,-1) === FALSE
substr("abc",0,-4) === FALSE
substr("abc",2,-2) === FALSE
substr("abc",-1,-4) === FALSE
substr("abc",-4,-4) === FALSE
substr("abc",-5,-4) === FALSE
substr("abc",-10,-5) === FALSE

substr("abc",-10,-2) === "a"
substr("abc",-1,-3) === ""
substr("abc",-1,-2) === ""
substr("abc",-2,-3) === ""
substr("abc",0,0) === ""
substr("abc",-3,0) === ""
substr("abc",-10,0) === ""
substr("abc",-3,4) === "abc"
substr("abc",-10,20) === "abc"
substr("abc",-2,-2) === ""
substr("abc",-2,1) === "b"
substr("abc",0,-3) === ""
substr("abc",2,-1) === ""

[#4] Nadeem [2014-06-03 08:16:00]

Truncate a float number. Similar to the Excel trunc function.

<?php function truncate_number($val,$decimals=2){ $number=array(); $number=explode(".",$val); $result=0; if (count($number)>1){ $result = $number[0] . "." . substr($number[1],0,$decimals); } else { $result = $val; } unset($number); return $result; } echo truncate_number(99.123456,2); //result = 99.12 echo truncate_number(99.123456,5); //result = 99.12345 echo truncate_number(99.123456,1); //result = 99.1 ?>

[#5] php at richardneill dot org [2014-04-06 15:25:22]

Frequently we want to check whether one string ends with (or starts with) another. These may be useful:

function str_ends($string,$end){
return (substr($string,-strlen($end),strlen($end)) === $end);
}
function str_begins($string,$start){
return (substr($string,0,strlen($start)) === $start);
}

Example:
if (str_ends ($filename, ".jpg")){
echo "The extension is .jpg";
}

[#6] koczkahun at gmail dot com [2014-03-17 17:34:15]

For those who cannot use mb_substr for any reasons, here is a solution for Unicode strings:

function substr_unicode($str, $s, $l = null)
{
$r = '/^.{'.(int)$s.'}(.';
$r .= ($l === null) ? '*)$' : '{'.(int)$l.'})';
$r .= '/su';
preg_match($r, $str, $o); return $o[1];
}

It is EXTREMELY fast compared to the array_slice + join method suggested before, and moderately slower than mb_substr.

Note: you cannot use negative values.
Note 2: use mb_substr whenever you can. Only use this workaround if you can not use the library.

[#7] fatihmertdogancan at hotmail dot com [2014-01-26 08:28:59]

[English]
I created python similar accesing list or string with php substr & strrev functions.

Use: str($string,$pattern)

About the python pattern,
http://docs.python.org/release/1.5.1p1/tut/strings.html
http://effbot.org/zone/python-list.htm

About of pattern structures
[start:stop:step]

Example,
<?php $s = "fatihmertdogancan"; echo str($s,"1:9:-2"); echo " "; echo str($s,"1:-3:-2"); echo " "; echo str($s,"1:-11:-5"); echo " "; echo str($s,"1:9:4"); ?>

Output,
thetoacn
eht
aom
htan

This is function phpfiddle link: http://phpfiddle.org/main/code/e82-y5d

or source;

<?php function str($str,$pattern){ //[start:stop:step] //pattern -> ([-]?[0-9]*|\s):([-]?[0-9]*|\s):([-]?[0-9]*|\s) preg_match("/([-]?[0-9]*|\s?):([-]?[0-9]*|\s?):?([-]?[0-9]*|\s?)/", $pattern, $yakala); $start = $yakala[1]; $stop = $yakala[2]; $step = $yakala[3]; if(empty($start) && empty($stop) && $step == "-1"){//istisna durum return strrev($str); }else if(empty($start) && empty($stop) && isset($step)){//istisna durum $rev = ""; $yeni = ""; if($step[0] == "-" && $stop != "-1"){$rev = "VAR";} $atla = abs($step); for($i = 0; $i <= strlen($str); $i++){ $offset = $i*$atla; if(isset($str[$offset])){ $yeni = $yeni.$str[$offset]; } } if($rev != "VAR"){ return substr($yeni,0,strlen($str)-1); //"hepsi bo?, step dolu o da +"; }else{ return strrev(substr($yeni,0,strlen($str)-1)); //"hepsi bo?, step dolu o da -"; } } if(empty($start) && empty($stop) && empty($step)){ return $str; //"hepsi bo?"; }else if(empty($start)){ if(isset($stop) && empty($step)){ $rev = ""; if($stop[0] == "-"){$rev = "VAR";} if($rev != "VAR"){ return substr($str,0,$stop); //"start ve step bo?, stop dolu" }else{ return strrev(substr($str,0,$stop)); //"start ve step bo?, stop -1"; } }else if(isset($stop) && isset($step)){ $rev = ""; if($stop[0] == "-"){$rev = "VAR";} $yeni = ""; if($step == 1){ if($rev != "VAR"){ return $str; //"start bo?, stop ve step dolu, step 1"; }else{ return strrev(substr($str,0,abs($stop))); //abs -> mutlak de?er (-5 = 5) //"start bo?, stop -, step dolu, step 1"; } }else{ $atla = abs($step); for($i = 0; $i <= strlen($str); $i++){ $offset = $i*$atla; if(isset($str[$offset])){ $yeni = $yeni.$str[$offset]; } } if($rev != "VAR"){ return substr($yeni,0,$stop); //"start bo?, step ve stop dolu"; }else{ return strrev(substr($yeni,0,abs($stop))); //"start bo?, step ve stop -"; } } } //start bo? de?ilse }else if(!empty($start)){ if(isset($stop) && empty($step)){ $rev = ""; if($stop[0] == "-"){$rev = "VAR";} if($rev != "VAR"){ return substr($str,$start,$stop); //return "step bo?, start ve stop dolu"; }else{ return strrev(substr($str,0,abs($stop))); //"step bo?, start ve stop dolu, stop -"; } }else if(isset($stop) && isset($step)){ //hepsi dolu $rev = ""; if($stop[0] == "-"){$rev = "VAR";} $yeni = ""; if($step == 1){ if($rev != "VAR"){ return substr($str,$start,$stop); //"hepsi dolu, step 1"; }else{ return substr($str,$start,abs($stop)); //"hepsi dolu, step 1, stop -"; } }else{ if($stop[0] == "-"){$rev = "VAR";} $atla = abs($step); for($i = 0; $i <= strlen($str); $i++){ $offset = $i*$atla; if(isset($str[$offset])){ $yeni = $yeni.$str[$offset]; } } if($rev != "VAR"){ return substr($yeni,$start,$stop); //"hepsi dolu"; }else{ return strrev(substr($yeni,$start,abs($stop))); //"hepsi dolu, stop -"; } } } } } ?>

Good works..

[#8] greg at apparel dot com [2013-11-20 17:28:21]

Coming to PHP from classic ASP I am used to the Left() and Right() functions built into ASP so I did a quick PHPversion. hope these help someone else making the switch

function left($str, $length) {
return substr($str, 0, $length);
}

function right($str, $length) {
return substr($str, -$length);
}

[#9] nanhe dot kumar at gmail dot com [2013-09-13 21:19:12]

<?php $string="NanheKumar"; echo substr($string,0,5); //Nanhe echo substr($string,5); //Kumar echo substr($string,-4); //umar echo substr($string,-4,2); //um echo substr($string,2,6); //umnheKum ?>

[#10] fengdingbo at gmail dot com [2013-07-19 04:23:48]

<?php $a = 'abc'; $php = 'ok123'; $str = microtime(TRUE); for($i=0;$i<=1000000;$i++) $a = substr($php,1,1); echo microtime(true)-$str,"\n"; $str = microtime(TRUE); for($i=0;$i<=1000000;$i++) $a = $php[1]; echo microtime(true)-$str; ?>
output:
0.26694822311401
0.10447096824646

[#11] biohazard dot ge at gmail dot com [2013-07-15 14:30:21]

may be by following functions will be easier to extract the needed sub parts from a string:

<?php after ('@', 'biohazard@online.ge'); //returns 'online.ge' //from the first occurrence of '@' before ('@', 'biohazard@online.ge'); //returns 'biohazard' //from the first occurrence of '@' between ('@', '.', 'biohazard@online.ge'); //returns 'online' //from the first occurrence of '@' after_last ('[', 'sin[90]*cos[180]'); //returns '180]' //from the last occurrence of '[' before_last ('[', 'sin[90]*cos[180]'); //returns 'sin[90]*cos[' //from the last occurrence of '[' between_last ('[', ']', 'sin[90]*cos[180]'); //returns '180' //from the last occurrence of '[' ?>

here comes the source:

<?php function after ($this, $inthat) { if (!is_bool(strpos($inthat, $this))) return substr($inthat, strpos($inthat,$this)+strlen($this)); }; function after_last ($this, $inthat) { if (!is_bool(strrevpos($inthat, $this))) return substr($inthat, strrevpos($inthat, $this)+strlen($this)); }; function before ($this, $inthat) { return substr($inthat, 0, strpos($inthat, $this)); }; function before_last ($this, $inthat) { return substr($inthat, 0, strrevpos($inthat, $this)); }; function between ($this, $that, $inthat) { return before ($that, after($this, $inthat)); }; function between_last ($this, $that, $inthat) { return after_last($this, before_last($that, $inthat)); }; // use strrevpos function in case your php version does not include it function strrevpos($instr, $needle) { $rev_pos = strpos (strrev($instr), strrev($needle)); if ($rev_pos===false) return false; else return strlen($instr) - $rev_pos - strlen($needle); }; ?>

[#12] pugazhenthi k [2013-01-18 09:57:37]

<?Php ### SUB STRING BY WORD USING substr() and strpos() ##### ### THIS SCRIPT WILL RETURN PART OF STRING WITHOUT WORD BREAK ### $description = ??your description here your description here your description here your description here your description here your description here your description hereyour description here your description here?? // your description here . $no_letter = 30 ; if(strlen($desctiption) > 30 ) { echo substr($description,0,strpos($description,?? ??,30)); //strpos to find ?? ?? after 30 characters. } else { echo $description; } ?>

[#13] pheagey at gmail dot com [2012-06-15 14:27:15]

Using a 0 as the last parameter for substr().

As per examples
<?php $var = substr($var, 4); ?>

works no problem. However
<?php $var = substr($var, 4, 0); ?>

will get you nothing. Just a quick heads up

[#14] maxim at inbox dot ru [2012-01-27 16:43:13]

Here is a recursion function to get parts of passed string which are in a char. Func looks pretty, and works fast, tell me please if you find more opt way.
<?php $s = "info= &make&,endvcc &new& &another&info"; echo str_cut($s,"&",","); //output: //make,new,another function str_cut($s,$a,$d="") { $f=strpos($s,$a)+1; $l=strpos($s,$a,$f); $out= substr($s,$f,$l-$f); if (strpos($s,$a,$l+1)!==false) {$s=substr($s,$l+1);$out.=$d.str_cut($s,$a,$d);} return $out; } ?>

it is possible to output in array, you have to returns a var as an array.
Also you can add an extra needle, which would be compare with the end of strings :
replace to
$l=strpos($s,$b,$f)-$f;
and dont forget to pass into recursion call $b value, but i did like that
$b=func_get_arg(func_num_args()-1);
care! the last argument should be $a, because $b getting last arg. like that:
function str_cut($s,$d="",$a)
but i think this method of getting $b not the best way for perfomance.
Sorry for my English.

[#15] leon weidauer [2011-07-08 01:07:19]

When using a value of a wrong type as second parameter , substr() does not return FALSE but NULL although the docs say, it should return FALSE on error.

Prior to PHP 5.3, substr() tries to cast the second parameter to int and doesn't throw any errors. Since PHP 5.3 a warning is thrown.

[#16] Quicker [2011-05-06 04:17:07]

If you need to parse utf-8 strings char by char, try this one:

<?php $utf8marker=chr(128); $count=0; while(isset($string{$count})){ if($string{$count}>=$utf8marker) { $parsechar=substr($string,$count,2); $count+=2; } else { $parsechar=$string{$count}; $count++; } echo $parsechar." \r\n"; } ?>

- it works without mb_substr
- it is fast, because it grabs characters based on indexes when possible and avoids any count and split functions

[#17] slow at acedsl dot com [2011-03-28 13:47:37]

Anyone coming from the Python world will be accustomed to making substrings by using a "slice index" on a string. The following function emulates basic Python string slice behavior. (A more elaborate version could be made to support array input as well as string, and the optional third "step" argument.)

<?php function py_slice($input, $slice) { $arg = explode(':', $slice); $start = intval($arg[0]); if ($start < 0) { $start += strlen($input); } if (count($arg) === 1) { return substr($input, $start, 1); } if (trim($arg[1]) === '') { return substr($input, $start); } $end = intval($arg[1]); if ($end < 0) { $end += strlen($input); } return substr($input, $start, $end - $start); } print py_slice('abcdefg', '2') . "\n"; print py_slice('abcdefg', '2:4') . "\n"; print py_slice('abcdefg', '2:') . "\n"; print py_slice('abcdefg', ':4') . "\n"; print py_slice('abcdefg', ':-3') . "\n"; print py_slice('abcdefg', '-3:') . "\n"; ?>

The $slice parameter can be a single character index, or a range separated by a colon. The start of the range is inclusive and the end is exclusive, which may be counterintuitive. (Eg, py_slice('abcdefg', '2:4') yields 'cd' not 'cde'). A negative range value means to count from the end of the string instead of the beginning. Both the start and end of the range may be omitted; the start defaults to 0 and the end defaults to the total length of the input.

The output from the examples:
c
cd
cdefg
abcd
abcd
efg

[#18] nikolai dot wuestemann at t-online dot de [2011-01-14 08:56:45]

If you want to have a string BETWEEN two strings, just use this function:

<?php function get_between($input, $start, $end) { $substr = substr($input, strlen($start)+strpos($input, $start), (strlen($input) - strpos($input, $end))*(-1)); return $substr; } //Example: $string = "123456789"; $a = "12"; $b = "9"; echo get_between($string, $a, $b); //Output: //345678 ?>

[#19] Cristianlf [2010-10-29 14:10:32]

I needed a function like lpad from oracle, or right from SQL
then I use this code :

<?php function right($string,$chars) { $vright = substr($string, strlen($string)-$chars,$chars); return $vright; } echo right('0r0j4152',4); ?>

Result:
4152
------------------------------------------------
This function is really simple, I just wanted to share, maybe helps someone out there.

regards,

[#20] magickey [2010-10-18 02:23:46]

Simple UTF-8 Multibyte solution (without mb_substr)

<?php $string="texto en espa?ol"; echo substr($string,0,14); //Outputs: texto en espa? ?>

<?php $string="texto en espa?ol"; echo utf8_encode(substr(utf8_decode($string),0,14)); //Outputs: texto en espa? ?>

[#21] joseph dot davidson dot 707 at gmail dot com [2010-10-09 12:58:35]

Using substr() to examine characters of a string without altering the string.

<?php $string = 'This is my string'; $length = strlen($string); $myChar = 'm'; for($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) { $showString_i = substr($string, $i, 1); if($myChar == $showString_i) return $i; } ?>

can also examine subs.

[#22] jeff dot swain at pcmmllc dot com [2010-07-19 17:00:55]

I noticed a slight issue when parsing out long strings using the substr function.

Here is my string: $merge = "UPDATE AssistanceRequest SET RequestorID = '4301' WHERE RequestorID IN ( '4535','6222','4865','5137','4893')"

To parse out the WHERE portion I used:
$whereClause = substr($merge, strpos($merge,'WHERE', (strlen($merge) - strpos($merge,'WHERE'))));
Normally the function returned: $whereClause = "WHERE RequestorID IN ( '4535','6222','4865','5137','4893')"

This $whereClause gives me the WHERE clause to modify the MSSQL database records being manipulated. So that when I used $whereClause as the WHERE clause to create subsequent SQL, I used the following syntax: $setDeleteFlag = "UPDATE AssistanceRequestor SET bIsDirty = 'DELETE' " . $whereClause;

This should have returned: $setDeleteFlag = "UPDATE AssistanceRequestor SET bIsDirty = 'DELETE' WHERE RequestorID IN ( '4535','6222','4865','5137','4893')"

As long as the length of the original $merge string was less than 104 characters, the $setDeleteFlag sql came out correctly. However, when the length of the original $merge string exceeded 104 characters, I got this returned:

$setDeleteFlag = "UPDATE AssistanceRequestor SET bIsDirty = 'DELETE' UPDATE AssistanceRequestor SET bIsDirty = 'DELETE' WHERE RequestorID IN ( '4535','6222','4865','5137','4893')"

The result was that the bIsDirty field for every record in the database was set to 'DELETE'. I fixed it by breaking apart the substr to create the original $whereClause so that it looked like this:

$wherePosition = strpos($merge,'WHERE');
$whereClause = substr($merge, $wherePosition, strlen($merge) - $wherePosition);
$setDeleteFlag = "UPDATE AssistanceRequestor SET bIsDirty = 'DELETE' " . $whereClause;

I do have to note that I run PHP 5.x on my development server, while I think the production host is still on 4.x. I did not seem to have an issue in development, but I don't think I tested strings longer than 104 characters. Maybe this issue has been corrected in version 5.x.

[#23] Jarrod Nettles (jarrod at squarecrow dot com) [2010-02-01 12:46:04]

I've seen numerous requests over the years from people trying to put together templating systems using XML parsers or regular expressions - you can create a simple template system with the following class. It could easily be expanded to take advantage of parameters, conditionals, etc.

<?php class Template { const OPEN_BRACKET = "{"; const CLOSE_BRACKET = "}"; public static function inject(array $source, $template) { $ob_size = strlen(self::OPEN_BRACKET); $cb_size = strlen(self::CLOSE_BRACKET); $pos = 0; $end = strlen($template); while($pos <= $end) { if($pos_1 = strpos($template, self::OPEN_BRACKET, $pos)) { if($pos_1) { $pos_2 = strpos($template, self::CLOSE_BRACKET, $pos_1); if($pos_2) { $return_length = ($pos_2-$cb_size) - $pos_1; $var = substr($template, $pos_1+$ob_size, $return_length); $template = str_replace(self::OPEN_BRACKET.$var.self::CLOSE_BRACKET, $source[$var], $template); $pos = $pos_2 + $cb_size; } else { throw new exception("Incorrectly formed template - missing closing bracket. Please check your syntax."); break; } } } else { //exit the loop break; } } return $template; } } //array of values to inject into the template $array = array("NAME" => "John Doe", "DOB" => "12/21/1986", "ACL" => "Super Administrator"); //template using '{' and '}' to signify variables $template = "This is your template, {NAME}. You were born on {DOB} and you are a {ACL} on this system."; echo Template::inject($array, $template); ?>

[#24] vnonov at gmail dot com / Viktor Nonov [2010-01-28 10:32:18]

<?php //removes string from the end of other function removeFromEnd($string, $stringToRemove) { $stringToRemoveLen = strlen($stringToRemove); $stringLen = strlen($string); $pos = $stringLen - $stringToRemoveLen; $out = substr($string, 0, $pos); return $out; } $string = 'picture.jpg.jpg'; $string = removeFromEnd($string, '.jpg'); ?>

[#25] biner(gf) [2009-11-19 09:46:35]

<?php //substring without words breaking $str = "aa bb ccc ddd ee fff gg hhh iii"; echo substr(($str=wordwrap($str,$,'$$')),0,strpos($str,'$$')); ?>

[#26] kaj dot strom at kapsi dot fi [2009-10-05 04:42:19]

One thing to keep in mind when using string indexes and UTF-8 is that string indexes are NOT multi-byte safe.

<?php $string = '???1'; echo $string[3]; ?>

Outputs:
??

When it logically should output "1". This is not a bug, as PHP 'normal' string functions are not intended to be multi-byte safe. This can be solved by using this function

<?php function charAt($string, $index){ if($index < mb_strlen($string)){ return mb_substr($string, $index, 1); } else{ return -1; } } ?>

[#27] gkhelloworld at gmail dot com [2009-07-26 03:39:52]

Shortens the filename and its expansion has seen.

<?php $file = "Hellothisfilehasmorethan30charactersandthisfayl.exe"; function funclongwords($file) { if (strlen($file) > 30) { $vartypesf = strrchr($file,"."); $vartypesf_len = strlen($vartypesf); $word_l_w = substr($file,0,15); $word_r_w = substr($file,-15); $word_r_a = substr($word_r_w,0,-$vartypesf_len); return $word_l_w."...".$word_r_a.$vartypesf; } else return $file; } // RETURN: Hellothisfileha...andthisfayl.exe ?>

[#28] kaysar in ymail in com [2009-06-07 23:58:33]

Drop extensions of a file (even from a file location string)

<?php $filename = "c:/some dir/abc defg. hi.jklmn"; echo substr($filename, 0, (strlen ($filename)) - (strlen (strrchr($filename,'.')))); ?>

output: c:/some dir/abc defg. hi

Hope it may help somebody like me.. (^_^)

[#29] benny at bennyborn dot de [2009-05-06 01:52:16]

If you need a word-sensitive and also html-tags aware version of substr, this one should do the job. It works fine for me

<?php function substrws( $text, $len=180 ) { if( (strlen($text) > $len) ) { $whitespaceposition = strpos($text," ",$len)-1; if( $whitespaceposition > 0 ) $text = substr($text, 0, ($whitespaceposition+1)); // close unclosed html tags if( preg_match_all("|<([a-zA-Z]+)>|",$text,$aBuffer) ) { if( !empty($aBuffer[1]) ) { preg_match_all("|</([a-zA-Z]+)>|",$text,$aBuffer2); if( count($aBuffer[1]) != count($aBuffer2[1]) ) { foreach( $aBuffer[1] as $index => $tag ) { if( empty($aBuffer2[1][$index]) || $aBuffer2[1][$index] != $tag) $text .= '</'.$tag.'>'; } } } } } return $text; } ?>

[#30] Andreas Bur (andreas dot buro at gmail dot com) [2009-04-29 06:25:13]

For getting a substring of UTF-8 characters, I highly recommend mb_substr

<?php $utf8string = "cake???"; echo substr($utf8string,0,5); // output cake# echo mb_substr($utf8string,0,5,'UTF-8'); //output cake? ?>

[#31] webmaster at oehoeboeroe dot nl [2009-04-18 02:07:54]

You might expect substr('123456', 6) to return an empty string. Instead it returns boolean FALSE.

This behavior should be mentioned in the Return Values section of the manual. Instead it is only mentioned in the Parameters section.

If you need an empty string instead of a boolean FALSE you should typecast the result to a string.

<?php $a = substr('123456', 6); // equivalent to $a = FALSE $a = (string) substr('123456', 6); // equivalent to $a = ''; ?>

[#32] sajjad at sajjad dot biz [2009-04-08 00:28:14]

Substring utf-8 strings!
very simple!

<?php function substru($str,$from,$len){ return preg_replace('#^(?:[\x00-\x7F]|[\xC0-\xFF][\x80-\xBF]+){0,'. $from .'}'.'((?:[\x00-\x7F]|[\xC0-\xFF][\x80-\xBF]+){0,'. $len .'}).*#s','$1', $str); } ?>

[#33] link [2009-03-21 17:52:40]

And as always there is bound to be a bug:

<?php function strlen_entities($text) { preg_match_all( '/((?:&(?:#[0-9]{2,}|[a-z]{2,});)|(?:[^&])|'. '(?:&(?!\w;)))s',$text,$textarray); return count($textarray[0]); } function substr_entities($text,$start,$limit=0) { $return = ''; preg_match_all( '/((?:&(?:#[0-9]{2,}|[a-z]{2,});)|(?:[^&])|'. '(?:&(?!\w;)))s',$text,$textarray); $textarray = $textarray[0]; $numchars = count($textarray)-1; if ($start>=$numchars) return false; if ($start<0) { $start = ($numchars)+$start+1; } if ($start>=0) { if ($limit==0) { $end=$numchars; } elseif ($limit>0) { $end = $start+($limit-1); } else { $end = ($numchars)+$limit; } for ($i=$start;($i<=$end && isset($textarray[$i]));$i++) { $return .= $textarray[$i]; } return $return; } } ?>

[#34] link [2009-03-20 19:19:57]

I created some functions for entity-safe splitting+lengthcounting:

<?php function strlen_entities($text) { preg_match_all( '/((?:&(?:#[0-9]{2,}|[a-z]{2,});)|(?:[^&])|'. '(?:&(?!\w;)))s',$text,$textarray); return count($textarray[0]); } function substr_entities($text,$start,$limit=0) { $return = ''; preg_match_all( '/((?:&(?:#[0-9]{2,}|[a-z]{2,});)|(?:[^&])|'. '(?:&(?!\w;)))s',$text,$textarray); $textarray = $textarray[0]; $numchars = count($textarray)-1; if ($start>=$numchars) return false; if ($start<0) { $start = ($numchars)+$start+1; } if ($start>=0) { if ($limit==0) { $end=$numchars; } elseif ($limit>0) { $end = $start+($limit-1); } else { $end = ($numchars)+$limit; } for ($i=$start;$i<=$end;$i++) { $return .= $textarray[$i]; } return $return; } } ?>

[#35] mar dot czapla at gmail dot com [2008-10-24 14:31:36]

Here we have gr8 function which simply convert ip address to a number using substr with negative offset.
You can need it if you want to compare some IP addresses converted to a numbers.
For example when using ip2country, or eliminating same range of ip addresses from your website :D

<?php function ip2no($val) { list($A,$B,$C,$D) = explode(".",$val); return substr("000".$A,-3). substr("000".$B,-3). substr("000".$C,-3). substr("000".$D,-3); } $min = ip2no("10.11.1.0"); $max = ip2no("111.11.1.0"); $visitor = ip2no("105.1.20.200"); if($min<$visitor && $visitor<$max) { echo 'Welcome !'; } else { echo 'Get out of here !'; } ?>

[#36] mr.davin [2008-09-29 10:01:54]

Simple use of substr to determine possession:

<?php function possessive ($word) { return $word.(substr($word, -1) == 's' ? "'" : "'s"); } // Davis => Davis' // Paul => Paul's ?>

[#37] NULL_byte [2008-09-19 03:21:21]

<?php function insert_substr($str, $pos, $substr) { $part1 = substr($str, 0, -$pos); $part2 = substr($str, -$pos); return $part1.$substr.$part2; } ?>

[#38] post [at] jannik - zappe [dot] de [2008-08-05 07:59:53]

Just a little function to cut a string by the wanted amount. Works in both directions.

<?php function cutString($str, $amount = 1, $dir = "right") { if(($n = strlen($str)) > 0) { if($dir == "right") { $start = 0; $end = $n-$amount; } elseif( $dir == "left") { $start = $amount; $end = $n; } return substr($str, $start, $end); } else return false; } ?>

Enjoy ;)

[#39] Anonymous [2008-07-29 11:18:40]

I wrote this simple function to limit the middle characters of a string to a specified length.

<?php $input = "hello world" echo(limitchrmid($imput,10)) // hel ... rld //limit chars middle function limitchrmid($value,$lenght){ if (strlen($value) >= $lenght ){ $lenght_max = ($lenght/2)-3; $start = strlen($value)- $lenght_max; $limited = substr($value,0,$lenght_max); $limited.= " ... "; $limited.= substr($value,$start,$lenght_max); } else{ $limited = $value; } return $limited; } ?>

[#40] Anonymous [2008-03-17 03:53:49]

Split a string to an array of strings specified by an array of lengths:

<?php function split_by_lengths($inString, $arrayLengths) { $output = array(); foreach ($arrayLengths as $oneLength) { $output[] = substr($inString, 0, $oneLength); $inString = substr($inString, $oneLength); } return ($output); } ?>
split_by_lengths('teststringtestteststring', array(4,6,4,4,6)) returns:
array('test','string','test','test','string')

Don't use it on user input without some error handling!

[#41] kriskra at gmail dot com [2008-02-29 17:21:51]

The javascript charAt equivalent in php of felipe has a little bug. It's necessary to compare the type (implicit) aswell or the function returns a wrong result:
<?php function charAt($str,$pos) { return (substr($str,$pos,1) !== false) ? substr($str,$pos,1) : -1; } ?>

[#42] Anonymous [2008-02-22 17:12:03]

I've used the between, after, before, etc functions that biohazard put together for years and they work great. I've also added to it a new function that I use a lot and thought others might like it as well. It uses his before/after functions so they are required to use it.

<?php $example_html = "test1 Test2<title>hi there</title>Testing"; $paragraph_text = multi_between('', '', $example_html); //Prints an arry of: //Array ( [1] => test1 Test2 [2] => Testing ) print_r($paragraph_text); function multi_between($this, $that, $inthat) { $counter = 0; while ($inthat) { $counter++; $elements[$counter] = before($that, $inthat); $elements[$counter] = after($this, $elements[$counter]); $inthat = after($that, $inthat); } return $elements; } //Get the help functions from biohazard's post below. ?>

[#43] highstrike at gmail dot com [2008-01-05 20:47:37]

Because i didnt see a function that would cut a phrase from a text (article or whatever) no matter where, front/middle/end and add ... + keeping the words intact, i wrote this:

Usage:
- The parameter $value if array will need the whole text and the portion you want to start from, a string. EG: cuttext(array($text, $string), 20). If the string is "have" and is near the beginning of the text, the function will cut like "I have a car ...", if the string is in the middle somewhere it will cut like "... if you want to have your own car ..." and if its somewhere near the end it will cut like "... and you will have one."
- The $length parameter is self explanatory.

Note: if you have just a string "127hh43h2h52312453jfks2" and you want to cut it, just use the function like so: cuttext($string, 10) and it will cut it like "127hh43h2h..."

<?php //////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Function: cuttext // Description: Cuts a string and adds ... function cuttext($value, $length) { if(is_array($value)) list($string, $match_to) = $value; else { $string = $value; $match_to = $value{0}; } $match_start = stristr($string, $match_to); $match_compute = strlen($string) - strlen($match_start); if (strlen($string) > $length) { if ($match_compute < ($length - strlen($match_to))) { $pre_string = substr($string, 0, $length); $pos_end = strrpos($pre_string, " "); if($pos_end === false) $string = $pre_string."..."; else $string = substr($pre_string, 0, $pos_end)."..."; } else if ($match_compute > (strlen($string) - ($length - strlen($match_to)))) { $pre_string = substr($string, (strlen($string) - ($length - strlen($match_to)))); $pos_start = strpos($pre_string, " "); $string = "...".substr($pre_string, $pos_start); if($pos_start === false) $string = "...".$pre_string; else $string = "...".substr($pre_string, $pos_start); } else { $pre_string = substr($string, ($match_compute - round(($length / 3))), $length); $pos_start = strpos($pre_string, " "); $pos_end = strrpos($pre_string, " "); $string = "...".substr($pre_string, $pos_start, $pos_end)."..."; if($pos_start === false && $pos_end === false) $string = "...".$pre_string."..."; else $string = "...".substr($pre_string, $pos_start, $pos_end)."..."; } $match_start = stristr($string, $match_to); $match_compute = strlen($string) - strlen($match_start); } return $string; } ?>

[#44] morgangalpin att gmail dotty com [2007-09-24 10:55:03]

Adding the $limit parameter introduced a bug that was not present in the original. If $limit is small or negative, a string with a length exceeding the limit can be returned. The $limit parameter should be checked. It takes slightly more processing, but it is dwarfed in comparison to the use of strlen().

<?php function short_name($str, $limit) { // Make sure a small or negative limit doesn't cause a negative length for substr(). if ($limit < 3) { $limit = 3; } // Now truncate the string if it is over the limit. if (strlen($str) > $limit) { return substr($str, 0, $limit - 3) . '...'; } else { return $str; } } ?>

[#45] Petez [2007-08-31 03:56:23]

I wanted to work out the fastest way to get the first few characters from a string, so I ran the following experiment to compare substr, direct string access and strstr:

<?php beginTimer(); for ($i = 0; $i < 1500000; $i++){ $opening = substr($string,0,11); if ($opening == 'Lorem ipsum'){ true; }else{ false; } } $endtime1 = endTimer(); beginTimer(); for ($i = 0; $i < 1500000; $i++){ if ($string[0] == 'L' && $string[1] == 'o' && $string[2] == 'r' && $string[3] == 'e' && $string[4] == 'm' && $string[5] == ' ' && $string[6] == 'i' && $string[7] == 'p' && $string[8] == 's' && $string[9] == 'u' && $string[10] == 'm'){ true; }else{ false; } } $endtime2 = endTimer(); beginTimer(); for ($i = 0; $i < 1500000; $i++){ $opening = strstr($string,'Lorem ipsum'); if ($opening == true){ true; }else{ false; } } $endtime3 = endTimer(); echo $endtime1."\r\n".$endtime2."\r\n".$endtime3; ?>

The string was 6 paragraphs of Lorem Ipsum, and I was trying match the first two words. The experiment was run 3 times and averaged. The results were:

(substr) 3.24
(direct access) 11.49
(strstr) 4.96

(With standard deviations 0.01, 0.02 and 0.04)

THEREFORE substr is the fastest of the three methods for getting the first few letters of a string.

[#46] Robert Chapin [2007-06-26 14:40:49]

All the references to "curly braces" on this page appear to be obsolete.

According to http://us.php.net/manual/en/language.types.string.php

"Using square array-brackets is preferred because the {braces} style is deprecated as of PHP 6."

Robert Chapin
Chapin Information Services

[#47] ijavier aka(not imatech) igjav [2007-02-14 02:20:02]

<?php function snippet($text,$length=64,$tail="...") { $text = trim($text); $txtl = strlen($text); if($txtl > $length) { for($i=1;$text[$length-$i]!=" ";$i++) { if($i == $length) { return substr($text,0,$length) . $tail; } } $text = substr($text,0,$length-$i+1) . $tail; } return $text; } // It behaves greedy, gets length characters ore goes for more function snippetgreedy($text,$length=64,$tail="...") { $text = trim($text); if(strlen($text) > $length) { for($i=0;$text[$length+$i]!=" ";$i++) { if(!$text[$length+$i]) { return $text; } } $text = substr($text,0,$length+$i) . $tail; } return $text; } // The same as the snippet but removing latest low punctuation chars, // if they exist (dots and commas). It performs a later suffixal trim of spaces function snippetwop($text,$length=64,$tail="...") { $text = trim($text); $txtl = strlen($text); if($txtl > $length) { for($i=1;$text[$length-$i]!=" ";$i++) { if($i == $length) { return substr($text,0,$length) . $tail; } } for(;$text[$length-$i]=="," || $text[$length-$i]=="." || $text[$length-$i]==" ";$i++) {;} $text = substr($text,0,$length-$i+1) . $tail; } return $text; } ?>

[#48] persisteus at web dot de [2007-02-13 07:45:39]

Here is also a nice (but a bit slow) alternative for colorizing an true color image:

<?php // $colorize = hexadecimal code in String format, f.e. "10ffa2" // $im = the image that have to be computed $red = hexdec(substr($colorize, 0, 2)); $green = hexdec(substr($colorize, 2, 2)); $blue = hexdec(substr($colorize, 4, 2)); $lum_c = floor(($red*299 + $green*587 + $blue*144) / 1000); for ($i = 0; $i < $lum_c; $i++) { $r = $red * $i / $lum_c; $g = $green * $i / $lum_c; $b = $blue * $i / $lum_c; $pal[$i] = $r<<16 | $g<<8 | $b; } $pal[$lum_c] = $red<<16 | $green<<8 | $blue; for ($i = $lum_c+1; $i < 255; $i++) { $r = $red + (255-$red) * ($i-$lum_c) / (255-$lum_c); $g = $green + (255-$green) * ($i-$lum_c) / (255-$lum_c); $b = $blue + (255-$blue) * ($i-$lum_c) / (255-$lum_c); $pal[$i] = $r<<16 | $g<<8 | $b; } $sy = imagesy($im); $sx = imagesx($im); for($y=0;$y<$sy;$y++) { for($x=0;$x<$sx;$x++) { $rgba = imagecolorat($im, $x, $y); $a = ($rgba & 0x7F000000) >> 24; $r = ($rgba & 0xFF0000) >> 16; $g = ($rgba & 0x00FF00) >> 8; $b = ($rgba & 0x0000FF); $lum = floor(($r*299+$g*587+$b*144)/1000); imagesetpixel($im, $x, $y, $a<<24 | $pal[$lum]); } } ?>

[#49] egingell at sisna dot com [2006-10-19 03:19:39]

<?php // Define stripos() if not defined (PHP < 5). if (!is_callable("stripos")) { function stripos($str, $needle, $offset = 0) { return strpos(strtolower($str), strtolower($needle), $offset); } } function substrpos($str, $start, $end = false, $ignore_case = false) { // Use variable functions if ($ignore_case === true) { $strpos = 'stripos'; // stripos() is included above in case it's not defined (PHP < 5). } else { $strpos = 'strpos'; } // If end is false, set it to the length of $str if ($end === false) { $end = strlen($str); } // If $start is a string do what's needed to make it an integer position for substr(). if (is_string($start)) { // If $start begins with '-' start processing until there's no more matches and use the last one found. if ($start{0} == '-') { // Strip off the '-' $start = substr($start, 1); $found = false; $pos = 0; while(($curr_pos = $strpos($str, $start, $pos)) !== false) { $found = true; $pos = $curr_pos + 1; } if ($found === false) { $pos = false; } else { $pos -= 1; } } else { // If $start begins with '\-', strip off the '\'. if ($start{0} . $start{1} == '\-') { $start = substr($start, 1); } $pos = $strpos($str, $start); } $start = $pos !== false ? $pos : 0; } // Chop the string from $start to strlen($str). $str = substr($str, $start); // If $end is a string, do exactly what was done to $start, above. if (is_string($end)) { if ($end{0} == '-') { $end = substr($end, 1); $found = false; $pos = 0; while(($curr_pos = strpos($str, $end, $pos)) !== false) { $found = true; $pos = $curr_pos + 1; } if ($found === false) { $pos = false; } else { $pos -= 1; } } else { if ($end{0} . $end{1} == '\-') { $end = substr($end, 1); } $pos = $strpos($str, $end); } $end = $pos !== false ? $pos : strlen($str); } // Since $str has already been chopped at $start, we can pass 0 as the new $start for substr() return substr($str, 0, $end); } ?>

[#50] feedback at realitymedias dot com [2006-10-15 17:47:50]

This function can replace substr() in some situations you don't want to cut right in the middle of a word. strtrim will cut between words when it is possible choosing the closest possible final string len to return. the maxoverflow parameter lets you choose how many characters can overflow past the maxlen parameter.

<?php function strtrim($str, $maxlen=100, $elli=NULL, $maxoverflow=15) { global $CONF; if (strlen($str) > $maxlen) { if ($CONF["BODY_TRIM_METHOD_STRLEN"]) { return substr($str, 0, $maxlen); } $output = NULL; $body = explode(" ", $str); $body_count = count($body); $i=0; do { $output .= $body[$i]." "; $thisLen = strlen($output); $cycle = ($thisLen < $maxlen && $i < $body_count-1 && ($thisLen+strlen($body[$i+1])) < $maxlen+$maxoverflow?true:false); $i++; } while ($cycle); return $output.$elli; } else return $str; } ?>

[#51] Bradley from California [2006-01-10 13:34:43]

Add on to (a function originally written by) "Matias from Argentina": str_format_number function.

Just added handling of $String shorter then $Format by adding a side to start the fill and a string length to the while loop.

<?php function str_format_number($String, $Format, $Start = 'left'){ //If we want to fill from right to left incase string is shorter then format if ($Start == 'right') { $String = strrev($String); $Format = strrev($Format); } if($Format == '') return $String; if($String == '') return $String; $Result = ''; $FormatPos = 0; $StringPos = 0; while ((strlen($Format) - 1) >= $FormatPos && strlen($String) > $StringPos) { //If its a number => stores it if (is_numeric(substr($Format, $FormatPos, 1))) { $Result .= substr($String, $StringPos, 1); $StringPos++; //If it is not a number => stores the caracter } else { $Result .= substr($Format, $FormatPos, 1); } //Next caracter at the mask. $FormatPos++; } if ($Start == 'right') $Result = strrev($Result); return $Result; } ?>

[#52] eallik at hotmail dot com [2006-01-04 19:22:35]

Be careful when comparing the return value of substr to FALSE. FALSE may be returned even if the output is a valid string.

substr("0", 0); // equals "0", comparision with FALSE evaluates to true, because "0" == 0 == FALSE

[#53] mr at bbp dot biz [2005-12-14 02:54:00]

Here's a little addon to the html_substr function posted by fox.

Now it counts only chars outside of tags, and doesn't cut words.

Note: this will only work in xhtml strict/transitional due to the checking of "/>" tags and the requirement of quotations in every value of a tag. It's also only been tested with the presence of br, img, and a tags, but it should work with the presence of any tag.

<?php function html_substr($posttext, $minimum_length = 200, $length_offset = 20, $cut_words = FALSE, $dots = TRUE) { // $minimum_length: // The approximate length you want the concatenated text to be // $length_offset: // The variation in how long the text can be in this example text // length will be between 200 and 200-20=180 characters and the // character where the last tag ends // Reset tag counter & quote checker $tag_counter = 0; $quotes_on = FALSE; // Check if the text is too long if (strlen($posttext) > $minimum_length) { // Reset the tag_counter and pass through (part of) the entire text $c = 0; for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($posttext); $i++) { // Load the current character and the next one // if the string has not arrived at the last character $current_char = substr($posttext,$i,1); if ($i < strlen($posttext) - 1) { $next_char = substr($posttext,$i + 1,1); } else { $next_char = ""; } // First check if quotes are on if (!$quotes_on) { // Check if it's a tag // On a "<" add 3 if it's an opening tag (like <a href...) // or add only 1 if it's an ending tag (like </a>) if ($current_char == '<') { if ($next_char == '/') { $tag_counter += 1; } else { $tag_counter += 3; } } // Slash signifies an ending (like </a> or ... />) // substract 2 if ($current_char == '/' && $tag_counter <> 0) $tag_counter -= 2; // On a ">" substract 1 if ($current_char == '>') $tag_counter -= 1; // If quotes are encountered, start ignoring the tags // (for directory slashes) if ($current_char == '"') $quotes_on = TRUE; } else { // IF quotes are encountered again, turn it back off if ($current_char == '"') $quotes_on = FALSE; } // Count only the chars outside html tags if($tag_counter == 2 || $tag_counter == 0){ $c++; } // Check if the counter has reached the minimum length yet, // then wait for the tag_counter to become 0, and chop the string there if ($c > $minimum_length - $length_offset && $tag_counter == 0 && ($next_char == ' ' || $cut_words == TRUE)) { $posttext = substr($posttext,0,$i + 1); if($dots){ $posttext .= '...'; } return $posttext; } } } return $posttext; } ?>

[#54] frank at jkelloggs dot dk [2005-07-25 14:37:38]

Regarding the utf8_substr function from lmak: The pattern '/./u' doesn't match newline characters. This means that the substring from 0 to the total length of the string will miss the number of characters in the end matching the number of newlines in the string. To fix this one can add the s modifier (PCRE_DOTALL) in the pattern:

<?php function utf8_substr($str,$start) { preg_match_all("/./su", $str, $ar); if(func_num_args() >= 3) { $end = func_get_arg(2); return join("",array_slice($ar[0],$start,$end)); } else { return join("",array_slice($ar[0],$start)); } } ?>

[#55] php_net at thomas dot trella dot de [2005-06-29 08:07:36]

I needed to cut a string after x chars at a html converted utf-8 text (for example Japanese text like 嬰謰弰脰欰罏).
The problem was, the different length of the signs, so I wrote the following function to handle that.
Perhaps it helps.

<?php function html_cutstr ($str, $len) { if (!preg_match('/\&#[0-9]*;.*/i', $str)) { $rVal = strlen($str, $len); break; } $chars = 0; $start = 0; for($i=0; $i < strlen($str); $i++) { if ($chars >= $len) break; $str_tmp = substr($str, $start, $i-$start); if (preg_match('/\&#[0-9]*;.*/i', $str_tmp)) { $chars++; $start = $i; } } $rVal = substr($str, 0, $start); if (strlen($str) > $start) $rVal .= " ..."; return $rVal; } ?>

[#56] ivanhoe011 at gmail dot com [2005-06-07 20:31:26]

If you need just a single character from the string you don't need to use substr(), just use curly braces notation:

<?php // both lines will output the 3rd character echo substr($my_string, 2, 1); echo $my_string{2}; ?>

curly braces syntax is faster and more readable IMHO..

[#57] rob NOSPAM at clancentric dot net [2005-06-07 03:43:41]

I have developed a function with a similar outcome to jay's

Checks if the last character is or isnt a space. (does it the normal way if it is)
It explodes the string into an array of seperate works, the effect is... it chops off anything after and including the last space.

<?php function limit_string($string, $charlimit) { if(substr($string,$charlimit-1,1) != ' ') { $string = substr($string,'0',$charlimit); $array = explode(' ',$string); array_pop($array); $new_string = implode(' ',$array); return $new_string.'...'; } else { return substr($string,'0',$charlimit-1).'...'; } } ?>

[#58] bleakwind at msn dot com [2005-05-25 10:11:18]

This returns the portion of str specified by the start and length parameters..
It can performs multi-byte safe on number of characters. like mb_strcut() ...

Note:
1.Use it like this bite_str(string str, int start, int length [,byte of on string]);
2.First character's position is 0. Second character position is 1, and so on...
3.$byte is one character length of your encoding, For example: utf-8 is "3", gb2312 and big5 is "2"...you can use the function strlen() get it...
Enjoy it :) ...

--- Bleakwind
QQ:940641
http://www.weaverdream.com

PS:I'm sorry my english is too poor... :(

<?php // String intercept By Bleakwind // utf-8:$byte=3 | gb2312:$byte=2 | big5:$byte=2 function bite_str($string, $start, $len, $byte=3) { $str = ""; $count = 0; $str_len = strlen($string); for ($i=0; $i<$str_len; $i++) { if (($count+1-$start)>$len) { $str .= "..."; break; } elseif ((ord(substr($string,$i,1)) <= 128) && ($count < $start)) { $count++; } elseif ((ord(substr($string,$i,1)) > 128) && ($count < $start)) { $count = $count+2; $i = $i+$byte-1; } elseif ((ord(substr($string,$i,1)) <= 128) && ($count >= $start)) { $str .= substr($string,$i,1); $count++; } elseif ((ord(substr($string,$i,1)) > 128) && ($count >= $start)) { $str .= substr($string,$i,$byte); $count = $count+2; $i = $i+$byte-1; } } return $str; } // Test $str = "123456?????123456?????123456???????"; for($i=0;$i<30;$i++){ echo " ".bite_str($str,$i,20); } ?>

[#59] fanfatal at fanfatal dot pl [2005-05-16 23:45:49]

Hmm ... this is a script I wrote, whitch is very similar to substr, but it isn't takes html and bbcode for counting and it takes portion of string and show avoided (html & bbcode) tags too ;]
Specially usefull for show part of serach result included html and bbcode tags

<?php function csubstr($string, $start, $length=false) { $pattern = '/(\[\w+[^\]]*?\]|\[\/\w+\]|<\w+[^>]*?>|<\/\w+>)/i'; $clean = preg_replace($pattern, chr(1), $string); if(!$length) $str = substr($clean, $start); else { $str = substr($clean, $start, $length); $str = substr($clean, $start, $length + substr_count($str, chr(1))); } $pattern = str_replace(chr(1),'(.*?)',preg_quote($str)); if(preg_match('/'.$pattern.'/is', $string, $matched)) return $matched[0]; return $string; } ?>

Using this is similar to simple substr.

Greatings ;]
...

[#60] woutermb at gmail dot com [2005-03-21 11:19:23]

Well this is a script I wrote, what it does is chop up long words with malicious meaning into several parts. This way, a chat in a table will not get stretched anymore.

<?php function text($string,$limit=20,$chop=10){ $text = explode(" ",$string); while(list($key, $value) = each($text)){ $length = strlen($value); if($length >=20){ for($i=0;$i<=$length;$i+=10){ $new .= substr($value, $i, 10); $new .= " "; } $post .= $new; } elseif($length <=15){ $post .= $value; } $post .= " "; } return($post); } // for example, this would return: $output = text("Well this text doesn't get cut up, yet thisssssssssssssssssssssssss one does.", 10, 5); echo($output); // "Well this text doesn't get cup up, yet thiss sssss sssss sssss sssss sss one does." ?>

I hope it was useful.. :)

[#61] steve at unicycle dot co dot nz [2005-03-13 21:34:04]

To quickly trim an optional trailing slash off the end of a path name:

if (substr( $path, -1 ) == '/') $path = substr( $path, 0, -1 );

[#62] andrewmclagan at gmail dot com [2005-02-20 01:58:12]

Hi there here is a little function i wrote to limit the number of lines in a string, i could not find anything else like it out there

<?php function lineLimiter ($string = "", $max_lines = 1) { $string = ereg_replace("\n", "##", $string); $totalLines = (substr_count($string, '##') + 1); $string = strrev($string); $stringLength = strlen($string); while ($totalLines > $max_lines) { $pos = 0; $pos = strpos ( $string, "##") + 2; //$pos = $pos - $stringLength; $string = substr($string, $pos); $totalLines--; } $string = strrev($string); $string = ereg_replace("##", "\n", $string); return $string; } ?>

[#63] [2003-07-05 17:39:10]

If you want to substring the middle of a string with another and keep the words intact:

<?php function strMiddleReduceWordSensitive ($string, $max = 50, $rep = '[...]') { $strlen = strlen($string); if ($strlen <= $max) return $string; $lengthtokeep = $max - strlen($rep); $start = 0; $end = 0; if (($lengthtokeep % 2) == 0) { $start = $lengthtokeep / 2; $end = $start; } else { $start = intval($lengthtokeep / 2); $end = $start + 1; } $i = $start; $tmp_string = $string; while ($i < $strlen) { if ($tmp_string[$i] == ' ') { $tmp_string = substr($tmp_string, 0, $i) . $rep; $return = $tmp_string; } $i++; } $i = $end; $tmp_string = strrev ($string); while ($i < $strlen) { if ($tmp_string[$i] == ' ') { $tmp_string = substr($tmp_string, 0, $i); $return .= strrev ($tmp_string); } $i++; } return $return; return substr($string, 0, $start) . $rep . substr($string, - $end); } echo strMiddleReduceWordSensitive ('ABCDEEF GHIJK LLKJHKHKJHKL HGHFK sdfasdfsdafsdf sadf asdf sadf sad s', 30) . "\n"; // Returns: ABCDEEF GHIJK[...]asdf sadf sad s (33 chrs) echo strMiddleReduceWordSensitive ('ABCDEEF GHIJK LLKJHKHKJHKL HGHFK sdfasdfsdafsdf sadf asdf sadf sad s', 30, '...') . "\n"; // Returns: ABCDEEF GHIJK...asdf sadf sad s (32 chrs) ?>