Home > Article > Backend Development > What system commands can php execute?
php executable system commands include using the system function, using the exec function, using the passthru function, using backticks, etc. Detailed introduction: 1. Use the system function to execute any system command and return the last line of output as a return value; 2. Use the exec function to execute system commands and return all output as a single string; 3. Use passthru Function can execute system commands and output all output directly to the browser; 4. Use backticks to execute system commands.
The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 10 system, PHP8.1.3 version, Dell G3 computer.
PHP provides a variety of ways to execute system commands. Here are some common methods:
Using the `system` function
The `system` function can execute any system command and return the last line of output as the return value. For example:
```
$result = system('ls -l');
echo $result;
```
Using the `exec` function
The `exec` function executes a system command and returns all output as a single string.
```
$result = exec('ls -l');
echo $result;
```
Use the `passthru` function
The `passthru` function executes system commands and outputs all output directly to the browser.
```
passthru('ls -l');
```
Use backticks
In PHP, backticks can be used to execute system commands.
```
$result = `ls -l`;
echo $result;
```
Required Note that executing system commands may have security risks and performance issues. To avoid risks, you should always perform verification and filtering when executing system commands.
The above is the detailed content of What system commands can php execute?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!