How to deal with high concurrency and high load in PHP backend API development

With the rapid development of the mobile Internet, more and more applications need to support high concurrency and high load processing, and PHP, as an open source scripting language, has become the mainstream of many website application development, especially In the field of Internet. However, when PHP is used for API development, it faces some difficulties, including how to handle high concurrency and high load. This article will introduce some best practices for dealing with these issues.

1. Horizontal Scaling

Horizontal scaling is a common method to respond to high concurrency and high load by increasing the number of servers or instance size to achieve smarter load balancing. Many PHP applications use load balancers to handle this problem. Load balancers can automatically distribute traffic to different servers, taking the load off them and ensuring that applications can run well.

Of course, the load balancer can only be applied to the web application layer and cannot solve the high concurrency problem in PHP applications. At this time, some better methods need to be used.

2. Use multi-threading

In high concurrency situations, a single PHP thread may be exhausted and reduce performance. In this case, using multithreading is a very good option. Using multi-threading allows your PHP application to respond to client requests faster and allows more requests to be processed.

The multi-threading mechanism consists of a set of thread pools, each thread pool has its own number of threads. When a thread pool is used up, the next request will be included in the next thread pool for processing. This approach improves the performance and concurrency of PHP applications and ensures adequate processing speed.

3. Use caching

Caching is a popular solution that can help PHP applications improve efficiency and performance when dealing with high concurrency and load. Some popular PHP application caching systems, such as Memcached and Redis, can easily reduce server load and response time. With these systems you can cache your entire PHP application to the machine where it is stored in the cache. When a client requests a handler, the caching system returns the data, reducing high stress on the server.

4. Use pruning technology

PHP applications usually need to obtain data from a database or other data repository. However, when a PHP application works under high concurrency, it may get duplicate data from the same database. When the amount of data processed is large, this can reduce performance and potentially cause database downtime. Pruning technology is one method that can help solve this problem.

The basic principle of this method is to segment the PHP application according to numbers or other conditions. Each segment corresponds to a thread pool. When one thread pool obtains data, it will intersect the data with other thread pools and check whether it is necessary to recalculate and obtain the data, thereby reducing database load and improving response speed.

5. Using asynchronous tasks

When a PHP application deals with high concurrency and requires a lot of calculations, it often encounters problems. In this case, the PHP application needs to use some excellent asynchronous tasks to be able to perform data processing and storage operations in the background without having to wait for the page in the foreground to return.

Asynchronous tasks can process data in the background before the execution of the PHP application ends. In this way, PHP applications can respond to client requests more quickly, thereby improving performance and efficiency.

Summary

The above are the methods and best practices for how to deal with high concurrency and high load in PHP back-end API development. Using them in your application can ensure that your PHP application runs smoothly under high concurrency and load. Each of these methods can be used independently or in combination to improve the performance and efficiency of your PHP applications. Of course, there are some technologies we have not mentioned, such as using CDN to speed up data transmission and reduce network latency, etc. These can enhance the performance of our PHP API applications. If you have other good methods and ideas, please share them.

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