本文实例分析了PHP动态规划解决0-1背包问题。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:
背包问题描述:一个承受最大重量为W的背包,现在有n个物品,每个物品重量为t, 每个物品的价值为v。
要使得这个背包重量最大(但不能超过W),同时又需要背包的价值最大。
思路:定义一个二维数组,一维为物品数量(表示每个物品),二维是重量(不超过最大,这里是15),下面数组a,
动态规划原理思想,max(opt(i-1,w),wi+opt(i-1,w-wi)) 当中最大值,
opt(i-1,w-wi)指上一个最优解
<?php //这是我根据动态规划原理写的 // max(opt(i-1,w),wi+opt(i-1,w-wi)) //背包可以装最大的重量 $w=15; //这里有四件物品,每件物品的重量 $dx=array(3,4,5,6); //每件物品的价值 $qz=array(8,7,4,9); //定义一个数组 $a=array(); //初始化 for($i=0;$i<=15;$i++){ $a[0][$i]=0; } for ($j=0;$j<=4;$j++){ $a[$j][0]=0; } //opt(i-1,w),wi+opt(i-1,w-wi) for ($j=1;$j<=4;$j++){ for($i=1;$i<=15;$i++){ $a[$j][$i]=$a[$j-1][$i]; //不大于最大的w=15 if($dx[$j-1]<=$w){ if(!isset($a[$j-1][$i-$dx[$j-1]])) continue; //wi+opt(i-1,wi) $tmp = $a[$j-1][$i-$dx[$j-1]]+$qz[$j-1]; //opt(i-1,w),wi+opt(i-1,w-wi) => 进行比较 if($tmp>$a[$j][$i]){ $a[$j][$i]=$tmp; } } } } //打印这个数组,输出最右角的值是可以最大价值的 for ($j=0;$j<=4;$j++){ for ($i=0;$i<=15;$i++){ echo $a[$j][$i]."/t"; } echo "/n"; } ?>
希望本文所述对大家的php程序设计有所帮助。

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