What to do if php Chinese characters are written into garbled files?

In recent years, the development of network technology has brought a lot of convenience to our lives, especially in the field of program development. As a developer, I once encountered a problem about garbled characters written into files. After a period of time to solve the problem, I would like to share my experience here.

Source of the problem

In my project, there is a requirement to write a variable that stores a large number of Chinese characters into a file. I first used the most common and simplest way: write the entire string directly, using the following code:

$file = fopen("test.txt", "w");
fwrite($file, $str);
fclose($file);

But when I opened test.txt, I found that all the Chinese characters in it were It became gibberish.

Problem Analysis

First look at the official documentation, you can see that the description of the fwrite() function mentions:

fwrite — 将内容写入文件中
int fwrite ( resource $handle , string $string [, int $length ] )

The second parameter is a string, also That's what we're going to write. But if there are Chinese characters in the string (including common Japanese, Korean and other non-English characters), you should pay attention.

Because in computers, characters are represented by binary numbers. English generally occupies one byte, which is 8 bits, while one Chinese character requires 2-3 bytes. This leads to a problem: if we write Chinese binary numbers directly into a file, garbled characters may appear due to different operating systems.

Solution

Since the essence of the problem is that the character encoding is different, we can solve it by using the same encoding.

In PHP, the encoding of the string is specified and can be operated using the mbstring library. Therefore, we can convert the string into the same encoding before writing, such as UTF-8:

$file = fopen("test.txt", "w");
fwrite($file, mb_convert_encoding($str, "UTF-8"));
fclose($file);

. This way, we can avoid the problem of Chinese garbled characters. If you still find garbled characters when opening the file, it may be because the default encoding of the text editor you are using is not UTF-8. In this case, you can use the editor to open the file and manually convert the encoding to UTF-8, and you will see Correct Chinese.

Summary

This article introduces how to avoid the problem of Chinese garbled characters when writing files using PHP. The key is to be aware of character encoding issues and perform character encoding conversion before writing. Hope it helps readers who have the same problem.

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