How to convert Chinese characters to pinyin in php

PHP is a very popular server-side scripting language. It has the advantages of flexibility, speed, and security, so it is widely used in fields such as Web development, Internet applications, and enterprise-level software development. Converting Chinese characters to pinyin is a common requirement, especially in Chinese search, sorting, filtering and other scenarios, which can improve user experience and retrieval accuracy. This article will introduce how to use PHP to convert Chinese characters into pinyin.

1. Use PHP extension

There is an extension called pinyin in PHP, through which you can easily convert Chinese characters into pinyin. First, you need to enable the extension in the php.ini file, find the following line and uncomment it, save and restart the PHP service:

extension=pinyin.so

Then you can call the function provided by the extension in the PHP code to convert Chinese characters to pinyin. Functional. For example, to convert the string "China" to Pinyin, you can use the pinyin function:

$py = pinyin('中国'); // 返回结果为“zhong guo”

It should be noted that the return result of the pinyin function is a string, and multiple pinyin are separated by spaces. If you need to convert all the Chinese characters in the string into pinyin, you can use PHP's regular expression function to complete it.

2. Use third-party libraries

In addition to using extensions, you can also use third-party libraries to convert Chinese characters into pinyin. Among the more popular libraries are pinyin, overtrue-pinyin, etc. Here we take the pinyin library as an example to explain how to use it to convert Chinese characters to Pinyin. The pinyin library needs to be installed through Composer:

composer require overtrue/pinyin

After installation, use the following code in the PHP code to realize the function of converting Chinese characters to pinyin:

require_once "vendor/autoload.php"; // 引入Composer自动加载器

use Overtrue\Pinyin\Pinyin;

$pinyin = new Pinyin(); // 创建Pinyin实例

$string = '中国'; // 待转换的字符串
$result = $pinyin->convert($string); // 转换
var_dump($result); // 输出转换结果

In the above code, you need to introduce it first Composer autoloader and then create a Pinyin instance. You can use the convert method provided by the Pinyin class to convert the string into Pinyin, and finally print the result. The output result is:

Array
(
    [0] => zhong
    [1] => guo
)

It should be noted that the pinyin library also supports converting multi-phonetic words into multiple pinyin. For example, "Chongqing" will be converted into two pinyin "chong" and "qing", so in Requires handling when used.

3. Implement the conversion by yourself

Finally, if you don’t want to use extensions or third-party libraries, you can also implement the function of converting Chinese characters to Pinyin yourself. The following provides a method based on Unicode encoding. First, each Chinese character in the string needs to be converted into the corresponding Unicode encoding set, and then the pinyin corresponding to each Chinese character is found by querying the pinyin table and spliced ​​into a string.

function split_unicode_chrs($str) { // 将字符串转换成Unicode编码集合
    preg_match_all('/./u', $str, $matches);
    return $matches[0];
}

function get_pinyin($chr) { // 查询拼音表，返回汉字对应的拼音
    $table = array(
        '\u554a' => 'a', // 注意转义
        '\u963f' => 'a',
        // 其他汉字及拼音...
    );
    return isset($table[$chr]) ? $table[$chr] : false;
}

function str2pinyin($str) { // 将汉字字符串转成拼音
    $unicode_chrs = split_unicode_chrs($str);
    $result = array();
    foreach ($unicode_chrs as $chr) {
        $pinyin = get_pinyin(json_encode($chr));
        if ($pinyin) {
            $result[] = $pinyin;
        }
    }
    return implode(' ', $result);
}

$str = '中国';
$pinyin = str2pinyin($str);
echo $pinyin; // 输出“zhong guo”

It should be noted that this implementation may have performance issues and is only applicable to commonly used Chinese characters. If you want to implement a more efficient and comprehensive Chinese character to pinyin conversion function, you can refer to the source code of the pinyin library or other open source implementations.

4. Summary

In this article, we introduced three methods of converting Chinese characters into pinyin: using PHP expansion, using third-party libraries, and implementing the conversion yourself. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages and can be chosen according to actual needs. No matter which method is used, the experience and accuracy in Chinese search, sorting and other scenarios can be improved, giving users a better experience.

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