一、意图
为子系统中的一组接口提供一个一致的界面,Facade模式定义了一个高层次的接口,使得子系统更加容易使用【GOF95】
外部与子系统的通信是通过一个门面(Facade)对象进行。
二、门面模式结构图
三、门面模式中主要角色
门面(Facade)角色:
此角色将被客户端调用
知道哪些子系统负责处理请求
将用户的请求指派给适当的子系统
子系统(subsystem)角色:
实现子系统的功能
处理由Facade对象指派的任务
没有Facade的相关信息,可以被客户端直接调用
可以同时有一个或多个子系统,每个子系统都不是一个单独的类,而一个类的集合。每个子系统都可以被客户端直接调用,或者被门面角色调用。子系统并知道门面模式的存在,对于子系统而言,门面仅仅是另一个客户端。
四、门面模式的优点
1、它对客户屏蔽了子系统组件,因而减少了客户处理的对象的数目并使得子系统使用起来更加方便
2、实现了子系统与客户之间的松耦合关系
3、如果应用需要,它并不限制它们使用子系统类。因此可以在系统易用性与能用性之间加以选择
五、门面模式适用场景
1、为一些复杂的子系统提供一组接口
2、提高子系统的独立性
3、在层次化结构中,可以使用门面模式定义系统的每一层的接口
六、门面模式与其它模式
抽象工厂模式(abstract factory模式):Abstract Factory模式可以与Facade模式一起使用以提供一个接口,这一接口可用来以一种子系统独立的方式创建子系统对象。Abstract Factory模式也可以代替Facade模式隐藏那些与平台相关的类
调停者模式:Mediator模式与Facade模式的相似之处是,它抽象了一些已有类的功能。然而,Mediator目的是对同事之间的任意通讯进行抽象,通常集中不属于任何单个对象的功能。Mediator的同事对象知道中介者并与它通信,而不是直接与其他同类对象通信。相对而言,Facade模式仅对子系统对象的接口进行抽象,从而使它们更容易使用;它并定义不功能,子系统也不知道facade的存在
单例模式(singleton模式):一般来说,仅需要一个Facade对象,因此Facade对象通常属于Singleton对象。
七、门面模式PHP示例
<?php class Camera { /** * 打开录像机 */ public function turnOn() { echo 'Turning on the camera.<br />'; } /** * 关闭录像机 */ public function turnOff() { echo 'Turning off the camera.<br />'; } /** * 转到录像机 * @param <type> $degrees */ public function rotate($degrees) { echo 'rotating the camera by ', $degrees, ' degrees.<br />'; } } class Light { /** * 开灯 */ public function turnOn() { echo 'Turning on the light.<br />'; } /** * 关灯 */ public function turnOff() { echo 'Turning off the light.<br />'; } /** * 换灯泡 */ public function changeBulb() { echo 'changing the light-bulb.<br />'; } } class Sensor { /** * 启动感应器 */ public function activate() { echo 'Activating the sensor.<br />'; } /** * 关闭感应器 */ public function deactivate() { echo 'Deactivating the sensor.<br />'; } /** * 触发感应器 */ public function trigger() { echo 'The sensor has been trigged.<br />'; } } class Alarm { /** * 启动警报器 */ public function activate() { echo 'Activating the alarm.<br />'; } /** * 关闭警报器 */ public function deactivate() { echo 'Deactivating the alarm.<br />'; } /** * 拉响警报器 */ public function ring() { echo 'Ring the alarm.<br />'; } /** * 停掉警报器 */ public function stopRing() { echo 'Stop the alarm.<br />'; } } /** * 门面类 */ class SecurityFacade { /* 录像机 */ private $_camera1, $_camera2; /* 灯 */ private $_light1, $_light2, $_light3; /* 感应器 */ private $_sensor; /* 警报器 */ private $_alarm; public function __construct() { $this->_camera1 = new Camera(); $this->_camera2 = new Camera(); $this->_light1 = new Light(); $this->_light2 = new Light(); $this->_light3 = new Light(); $this->_sensor = new Sensor(); $this->_alarm = new Alarm(); } public function activate() { $this->_camera1->turnOn(); $this->_camera2->turnOn(); $this->_light1->turnOn(); $this->_light2->turnOn(); $this->_light3->turnOn(); $this->_sensor->activate(); $this->_alarm->activate(); } public function deactivate() { $this->_camera1->turnOff(); $this->_camera2->turnOff(); $this->_light1->turnOff(); $this->_light2->turnOff(); $this->_light3->turnOff(); $this->_sensor->deactivate(); $this->_alarm->deactivate(); } } /** * 客户端 */ class Client { private static $_security; /** * Main program. */ public static function main() { self::$_security = new SecurityFacade(); self::$_security->activate(); } } Client::main(); ?>
以上就是使用php实现门面模式的代码,还有一些关于门面模式的概念区分,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。

What’s still popular is the ease of use, flexibility and a strong ecosystem. 1) Ease of use and simple syntax make it the first choice for beginners. 2) Closely integrated with web development, excellent interaction with HTTP requests and database. 3) The huge ecosystem provides a wealth of tools and libraries. 4) Active community and open source nature adapts them to new needs and technology trends.

PHP and Python are both high-level programming languages that are widely used in web development, data processing and automation tasks. 1.PHP is often used to build dynamic websites and content management systems, while Python is often used to build web frameworks and data science. 2.PHP uses echo to output content, Python uses print. 3. Both support object-oriented programming, but the syntax and keywords are different. 4. PHP supports weak type conversion, while Python is more stringent. 5. PHP performance optimization includes using OPcache and asynchronous programming, while Python uses cProfile and asynchronous programming.

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PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

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