Operation and MaintenanceLinux Operation and MaintenanceWhat virtual machines are there for Linux?
Linux virtual machines include: 1. VMware Workstation, which is a powerful desktop virtual computer software; 2. VirtualBox, which is an open source virtual machine software; 3. KVM; 4. Xen, which is an open source virtual machine software. Source code virtual machine monitor; 5. OpenVZ; 6. Lguest, etc.
#The operating environment of this tutorial: linux5.9.8 system, Dell G3 computer.
It is essential to learn Linux operation and maintenance technology and build an operation and maintenance environment for learning Linux. Many friends use virtual machines to learn Linux, so what is a virtual machine? What are the common virtual machines on Linux? Let’s introduce it below.
What is a virtual machine?
Virtual machine software is a special set of software that can run independently as an operating system or on top of an operating system. In the case of running virtual machine software on the system, after installing the virtual machine software on the computer (PC or laptop, etc.), several relatively independent virtual PC devices can be simulated. Each virtual PC device can use the operating system and network The service installs and runs, almost indistinguishable from real computer equipment.
In use, you need to install the virtual machine software on the computer first, then create one or more virtual machine systems (i.e. virtual computer devices) through the installed virtual machine software, and finally install them on these virtual computer devices. Operating system and startup configuration, and finally achieve "running multiple virtual machine device systems simultaneously" on one computer.
Linux common virtual machines
VMware Workstation
VMware Workstation is a powerful desktop virtual computer software that allows users to run different operations simultaneously on a single desktop. systems, and the best solution for developing, testing, and deploying new applications.
VirtualBox
VirtualBox is an open source virtual machine software. VirtualBox is a software developed by the German company Innotek and produced by Sun Microsystems. It is written in Qt. After Sun was acquired by Oracle, it was officially renamed Oracle VM VirtualBox. VirtualBox is known as the most powerful free virtual machine software. It not only has rich features, but also has excellent performance! VirtualBox is rewritten from qemu and contains a lot of qemu code. Can be used on CPUs that do not support virtualization. One thing worth mentioning: VirtualBox is better at graphics and can accelerate 2D and 3D. There is an independent graphical interface for operation, which is easy to use. But the control of the CPU is not very good, and it is more suitable for virtual machines with desktop needs.
KVM
KVM (full name is Kernel-based Virtual Machine) is a full-featured virtualization solution on the x86 hardware platform under Linux, including a The loaded kernel module kvm.ko provides and virtualizes the core architecture and processor specification modules. Using KVM allows multiple virtual machines, including Linux and Windows, to have private hardware, including network cards, disks, and graphics adapters.
Xen
Xen is an open source virtual machine monitor developed by the University of Cambridge. It is intended to run up to 100 fully featured operating systems on a single computer. The operating system must be explicitly modified ("ported") to run on Xen. This allows Xen to achieve high-performance virtualization without special hardware support.
OpenVZ
OpenVZ is an operating system-level virtualization technology based on the Linux kernel and operating system. It is a proprietary software Virtuozzo developed by SWsoft, Inc. The foundation consists of two parts, a modified operating system core and user tools. . OpenVZ allows physical servers to run multiple operating systems, called virtual private servers (VPS, Virtual Private Server) or virtual environments (VE, Virtual Environment). Compared with virtual machines like VMware and paravirtualization technologies like Xen, both the host OS and the guest OS of OpenVZ must be Linux. However, OpenVZ claims that there are performance advantages in doing so, and there will only be a 1-3% performance loss when using OpenVZ compared to using a standalone server.
Lguest
Lguest is a virtualization project initiated by IBM engineer Rusty Russell (Australian developer). It is a streamlined hypervisor (virtual machine management program) with only 5,000 lines of code. It has been included in recent versions in the kernel. Similar to KVM, it supports the latest virtualization technology of Intel and AMD chips, but unlike VMware's ESX Server, the operating system in the virtual machine created by Lguest knows that it is virtualized, so when calling the CPU cycle It can make requests directly to the real hardware instead of being an intermediary and reducing efficiency, so this architecture greatly improves efficiency.
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