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Home  >  Article  >  Backend Development  >  Python mail processing example

Python mail processing example

奋力向前
奋力向前forward
2021-07-06 14:36:391796browse

Detailed explanation of Python basics is a very detailed code example for the email. Friends who are familiar with Python basics are very helpful. You can refer to the following

Python mail processing example

1. Sending emails

The Python standard library provides smtplib, which is used to implement the SMTP protocol to send emails. The standard library also provides the email module to help us build email formats. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a set of rules for transmitting mail from a source address to a destination address, which is used to control the transfer method of letters.

Get QQ mailbox password (authorization code)

2. Send an email in plain text format

The code is as follows:

import smtplib

from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header

# 邮箱用户名
sender = 'dad@qq.com'(输入你的邮箱)
# 邮箱密码(部分邮箱为授权码)
password = '123456'(输入你的密码)
# 收件人邮箱地址，注意需要[]包裹，这意味着你可以写多个邮件地址群发
receiver = ['baby@qq.com', ](输入你要发送人的邮箱)
# 邮件正文
text = 'Hello,baby'
message = MIMEText(text, 'plain', 'utf-8')
# 发件人显式的名字
message['From'] = Header('拿头来坚持', 'utf-8')
# 收件人显式的名字
message['To'] = Header('baby', 'utf-8')
# 邮件标题
message['Subject'] = '爸爸来信，请接收！'

try:
    # 使用QQ企业邮箱服务器发送
    smtp = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.qq.com')
    # 登录
    smtp.login(sender, password)
    # 发送
    smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, message.as_string())
    print('邮件发送成功！')
    # 退出服务器
    smtp.quit()
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
    print('Error!邮件发送失败！', e)

Basic Analysis of Python Email Processing

Send emails in plain text format Execution results:

3. Send emails in HTML format

The code is as follows: 

import smtplib

from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header

# 邮箱用户名
sender = 'dad@qq.com'(输入你的邮箱)
# 邮箱密码(部分邮箱为授权码)
password = '123456'(输入你的密码)
# 收件人邮箱地址，注意需要[]包裹，这意味着你可以写多个邮件地址群发
receiver = ['baby@qq.com', ](输入你要发送人的邮箱)
# 邮件正文
msg = '''
    <p><a href=&#39;https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46382560?spm=1011.2124.3001.5343&#39;>拿头来坚持</p>
          Life goes on, learning goes on
        </p> <!----></div></div> <div class="user-profile-head-info-b" data-v-d1dbb6f8><ul data-v-d1dbb6f8><li data-v-d1dbb6f8><div class="user-profile-statistics-num" data-v-d1dbb6f8>22,574</div> <div class="user-profile-statistics-name" data-v-d1dbb6f8>被访问量</div></li> <li data-v-d1dbb6f8><a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  data-v-d1dbb6f8><div class="user-profile-statistics-num" data-v-d1dbb6f8>24</div> <div class="user-profile-statistics-name" data-v-d1dbb6f8>原创文章</div></a></li> <li data-v-d1dbb6f8><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/rank/list/total" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  target="_blank" data-report-click="{&quot;spm&quot;:&quot;3001.5476&quot;}" data-report-query="spm=3001.5476" data-v-d1dbb6f8><div class="user-profile-statistics-num" data-v-d1dbb6f8>128,997</div> <div class="user-profile-statistics-name" data-v-d1dbb6f8>作者排名</div></a></li> <li data-v-d1dbb6f8><a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  data-v-d1dbb6f8><div class="user-profile-statistics-num" data-v-d1dbb6f8>762</div> <div class="user-profile-statistics-name" data-v-d1dbb6f8>粉丝数量</div></a></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="user-profile-body" data-v-3f0fdf46 data-v-80922f46><div class="user-profile-body-inner" data-v-3f0fdf46><div class="user-profile-body-left" data-v-3f0fdf46><div class="user-profile-aside" data-v-d487ed78 data-v-3f0fdf46><div class="user-general-info single-general-info" data-v-d487ed78><ul data-v-d487ed78><!----> <!----> <li class="user-general-info-join-csdn" data-v-d487ed78><i data-v-d487ed78></i> <span data-v-d487ed78>于</span> <span class="user-general-info-key-word" data-v-d487ed78>2020-02-22</span> <span data-v-d487ed78>加入CSDN</span></li></ul></div> <!----> <div class="user-achievement user-profile-aside-common-box" data-v-d487ed78><div class="aside-common-box-head" data-v-d487ed78>获得成就</div> <div class="aside-common-box-bottom" data-v-d487ed78><div class="aside-common-box-content" data-v-d487ed78><ul data-v-d487ed78><li data-v-d487ed78>
        <i style="background-image: url(https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20210114022819.png)"></i>
        <div>获得<span>212</span>次点赞</div>
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      &#39;&#39;&#39;
# 指定消息体使用HTML格式
message = MIMEText(msg, &#39;html&#39;, &#39;utf-8&#39;)
# 发件人显式的名字
message[&#39;From&#39;] = Header(&#39;拿头来坚持&#39;, &#39;utf-8&#39;)
# 收件人显式的名字
message[&#39;To&#39;] = Header(&#39;baby&#39;, &#39;utf-8&#39;)
# 邮件标题
message[&#39;Subject&#39;] = &#39;爸爸来信，请接收！&#39;

try:
    # 使用QQ企业邮箱服务器发送
    smtp = smtplib.SMTP(&#39;smtp.qq.com&#39;)
    # 登录
    smtp.login(sender, password)
    # 发送
    smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, message.as_string())
    print(&#39;邮件发送成功！&#39;)
    # 退出服务器
    smtp.quit()
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
    print(&#39;Error!邮件发送失败！&#39;, e)

Python basic analysis of email processing

Execution results of sending emails in HTML format:

4. Send emails with attachments

The code is as follows: 

import smtplib

from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.header import Header

# 邮箱用户名
sender = &#39;dad@qq.com&#39;(输入你的邮箱)
# 邮箱密码(部分邮箱为授权码)
password = &#39;123456&#39;(输入你的密码)
# 收件人邮箱地址，注意需要[]包裹，这意味着你可以写多个邮件地址群发
receiver = [&#39;baby@qq.com&#39;, ](输入你要发送人的邮箱)
# 指定消息体使用复合类型
message = MIMEMultipart()
# 发件人显式的名字
message[&#39;From&#39;] = Header(&#39;拿头来坚持&#39;, &#39;utf-8&#39;)
# 收件人显式的名字
message[&#39;To&#39;] = Header(&#39;baby&#39;, &#39;utf-8&#39;)
# 邮件标题
message[&#39;Subject&#39;] = &#39;爸爸来信，请接收！&#39;
# 邮件正文
msg = &#39;&#39;&#39;
    <p><a href=&#39;https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46382560?spm=1011.2124.3001.5343&#39;>拿头来坚持</p>
          Life goes on, learning goes on
        </p> <!----></div></div> <div class="user-profile-head-info-b" data-v-d1dbb6f8><ul data-v-d1dbb6f8><li data-v-d1dbb6f8><div class="user-profile-statistics-num" data-v-d1dbb6f8>22,574</div> <div class="user-profile-statistics-name" data-v-d1dbb6f8>被访问量</div></li> <li data-v-d1dbb6f8><a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  data-v-d1dbb6f8><div class="user-profile-statistics-num" data-v-d1dbb6f8>24</div> <div class="user-profile-statistics-name" data-v-d1dbb6f8>原创文章</div></a></li> <li data-v-d1dbb6f8><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/rank/list/total" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  target="_blank" data-report-click="{&quot;spm&quot;:&quot;3001.5476&quot;}" data-report-query="spm=3001.5476" data-v-d1dbb6f8><div class="user-profile-statistics-num" data-v-d1dbb6f8>128,997</div> <div class="user-profile-statistics-name" data-v-d1dbb6f8>作者排名</div></a></li> <li data-v-d1dbb6f8><a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  data-v-d1dbb6f8><div class="user-profile-statistics-num" data-v-d1dbb6f8>762</div> <div class="user-profile-statistics-name" data-v-d1dbb6f8>粉丝数量</div></a></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="user-profile-body" data-v-3f0fdf46 data-v-80922f46><div class="user-profile-body-inner" data-v-3f0fdf46><div class="user-profile-body-left" data-v-3f0fdf46><div class="user-profile-aside" data-v-d487ed78 data-v-3f0fdf46><div class="user-general-info single-general-info" data-v-d487ed78><ul data-v-d487ed78><!----> <!----> <li class="user-general-info-join-csdn" data-v-d487ed78><i data-v-d487ed78></i> <span data-v-d487ed78>于</span> <span class="user-general-info-key-word" data-v-d487ed78>2020-02-22</span> <span data-v-d487ed78>加入CSDN</span></li></ul></div> <!----> <div class="user-achievement user-profile-aside-common-box" data-v-d487ed78><div class="aside-common-box-head" data-v-d487ed78>获得成就</div> <div class="aside-common-box-bottom" data-v-d487ed78><div class="aside-common-box-content" data-v-d487ed78><ul data-v-d487ed78><li data-v-d487ed78>
        <i style="background-image: url(https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20210114022819.png)"></i>
        <div>获得<span>212</span>次点赞</div>
      </li><li data-v-d487ed78>
        <i style="background-image: url(https://img-home.csdnimg.cn/images/20210114022831.png)"></i>
        <div>内容获得<span>111</span>次评论</div>
      </li><li data-v-d487ed78>
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        <div>获得<span>562</span>次收藏</div>
      &#39;&#39;&#39;
# 邮件附加html文件
message.attach(MIMEText(msg, &#39;html&#39;, &#39;utf-8&#39;))
# 添加附件
attached_file = MIMEText(open(__file__, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;).read(), &#39;base64&#39;, &#39;utf-8&#39;)
# 指定附件的文件名和原先的文件不一样
attached_file[&#39;Content-Disposition&#39;] = &#39;attachment;filename="mail.py"&#39;
# 邮件附加附件
message.attach(attached_file)
try:
    # 使用QQ企业邮箱服务器发送
    smtp = smtplib.SMTP(&#39;smtp.qq.com&#39;)
    # 登录
    smtp.login(sender, password)
    # 发送
    smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, message.as_string())
    print(&#39;邮件发送成功！&#39;)
    # 退出服务器
    smtp.quit()
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
    print(&#39;Error!邮件发送失败！&#39;, e)

Basic analysis of Python email processing

Send with attachments Attachment email execution result:

5. Send picture email

##The code is as follows: 

import smtplib

from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.header import Header

# 邮箱用户名
sender = &#39;dad@qq.com&#39;(输入你的邮箱)
# 邮箱密码(部分邮箱为授权码)
password = &#39;123456&#39;(输入你的密码)
# 收件人邮箱地址，注意需要[]包裹，这意味着你可以写多个邮件地址群发
receiver = [&#39;baby@qq.com&#39;, ](输入你要发送人的邮箱)
# 利用related定义内嵌资源的邮件体
message = MIMEMultipart(&#39;related&#39;)
# 发件人显式的名字
message[&#39;From&#39;] = Header(&#39;拿头来坚持&#39;, &#39;utf-8&#39;)
# 收件人显式的名字
message[&#39;To&#39;] = Header(&#39;baby&#39;, &#39;utf-8&#39;)
# 邮件标题
message[&#39;Subject&#39;] = &#39;爸爸来信，请接收！&#39;
# 邮件正文
content = MIMEMultipart(&#39;alternative&#39;)
# html内容
msg = &#39;&#39;&#39;
    <p><a href=&#39;https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46382560?spm=1011.2124.3001.5343&#39;>拿头来坚持</p>
          Life goes on, learning goes on
    <p>
    拿头来坚持的个人主页
    <img src=&#39;cid:img01&#39;>
    </p>
      &#39;&#39;&#39;
# 邮件附加html文件
message.attach(MIMEText(msg, &#39;html&#39;, &#39;utf-8&#39;))
# 添加图片
with open(&#39;csdn.png&#39;, &#39;rb&#39;) as f:
    img01 = MIMEImage(f.read())
# 定义资源的名字为img01
img01.add_header(&#39;Content-ID&#39;, &#39;img01&#39;)
# 邮件附加图片
message.attach(img01)
try:
    # 使用QQ企业邮箱服务器发送
    smtp = smtplib.SMTP(&#39;smtp.qq.com&#39;)
    # 登录
    smtp.login(sender, password)
    # 发送
    smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, message.as_string())
    print(&#39;邮件发送成功！&#39;)
    # 退出服务器
    smtp.quit()
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
    print(&#39;Error!邮件发送失败！&#39;, e)

Python Basic analysis of email processing

Email execution results for sending pictures:

6. Receiving emails

There are two common ways to receive emails Protocols: POP3 and IMAP protocols

POP3 protocol (Post Office Protocol-Version3, Post Office Protocol Version 3): allows email clients to download emails on the server, but during client operations (such as moving emails, Mark as read, etc.) will not be fed back to the server. For example, if 3 emails from the mailbox are collected through the client and moved to other folders, these emails on the mail server will not be moved synchronously.

IMAP protocol (Internet Mail Access Protocol): Provides two-way communication between Webmail and email clients. Any changes made on the client will be synchronized to the server. If the mail is operated on the client, the mail on the server will also be operated accordingly.

7. Download emails using POP3 protocol

The code is as follows: 

import poplib

from email.parser import Parser

# 登录邮箱的用户名
username = &#39;baby@qq.com&#39;(输入你的邮箱)
# 登录邮箱的密码(部分邮箱为授权码)
password = &#39;123456&#39;(输入你的密码)
# 连接邮箱服务器
pop_server = poplib.POP3(&#39;pop.qq.com&#39;)
# 打印出邮箱服务器的欢迎文字
print(pop_server.getwelcome())
# 登录邮箱服务器
pop_server.user(username)
pop_server.pass_(password)
# 打印出当前账号的状态，第一个返回值为邮件数，第二个返回值为占用空间
print(&#39;Server stat&#39;, pop_server.stat())
# 获取所以邮件列表
resp, mails, octets = pop_server.list()
print(mails)
# 获取最新的一封邮件（序列号最大的），邮件索引从1开始计数
index = len(mails)
resp, lines, octets = pop_server.retr(index)
content = b&#39;\r\n&#39;.join(lines).decode(&#39;utf-8&#39;)
# 解析出邮件
msg = Parser().parsestr(content)
# 可以根据邮件索引号直接从服务器删除邮件
# pop_server.dele(index)
# 关闭连接
pop_server.quit()

Basic Analysis of Python Email Processing

Execution result:

b' OK XMail POP3 Server v1.0 Service Ready(XMail v1.0)'

Server stat (15, 50814)
[b'1 1255', b'2 1286', b'3 1310', b'4 1398', b'5 1458', b'6 1450', b'7 1602', b'8 1633', b'9 5001', b' 10 2347', b'11 2371', b'12 2267', b'13 5033', b'14 5077', b'15 17326']

If the server is correctly connected and the number of emails is listed , indicating that we have used the POP3 protocol correctly.

This concludes this article about email processing with a detailed explanation of the basics of Python

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