How to solve the problem of garbled Chinese characters in php

Solution to garbled Chinese characters in php: 1. Change the mysql configuration file "my.ini" or "my.cnf"; 2. Add the statement "mysql_query("set" before the PHP program that needs to perform database operations names 'encoding'");"; 3. Set the server encoding set to "UTF-8".

Analysis of causes and solutions for Chinese garbled characters in PHP

Encoding of PHP web pages

1. If you want to use gb2312 encoding, then PHP should output the header: header("Content-type:text/html;charset=gb2312");, add a static page, the encoding format of all files is ANSI, you can open it with Notepad, and save as selection Encoded to ANSI, overwriting the source file.

2. If you want to use utf-8 encoding, then php should output the header: header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");, add static page, and encode all files The format is utf-8. Saving as utf-8 may be a bit troublesome. Generally, utf-8 files will have BOM at the beginning. If you use session, there will be problems. You can use editplus to save. In editplus, go to Tools->Parameter Selection->File-> UTF-8 signature, select Always delete, then save to remove the BOM information.

3.php itself is not Unicode, all functions such as substr must be changed to mb_substr (the mbstring extension needs to be installed); or use iconv to transcode.

Data interaction between PHP and Mysql

The encoding of PHP and the database should be consistent

1. Modify the mysql configuration file my.ini or my.cnf, mysql is best to use utf -8 Encoding

[mysql]  
default-character-set=utf8 
[mysqld]  
default-character-set=utf8 
default-storage-engine=MyISAM 
在[mysqld]下加入:  
default-collation=utf8_bin 
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

2. Add mysql_query("set names 'encoding'"); before the PHP program that needs to perform database operations. The encoding is consistent with the PHP encoding. If the PHP encoding is gb2312, then the mysql encoding is gb2312. , if it is utf-8, then the mysql encoding is utf8, so that there will be no Chinese garbled characters in PHP when inserting or retrieving data.

About encoding

1. Character set:

The data stored in the bottom layer of the computer are all binary data. If you want to obtain truly meaningful characters, you must use binary The data corresponds to each character, and this correspondence forms a coding table.

Commonly used character sets:

ISO-8859-1 Latin code table latin, which represents Western European languages, uses one byte or 8 bits to represent data.

GB2312 Simplified Chinese code table. Contains 6000-7000 Chinese characters and symbols. Represented by two bytes. Both bytes start with 1 and are both negative numbers.

GBK is currently the most commonly used Chinese code table, with 20,000 Chinese characters and symbols. Use two bytes to represent data.

Unicode international standard code, no matter what text it is, is stored in two bytes.

UTF-8 is based on Unicode. Data can be stored in one byte instead of two bytes. Moreover, this code table is more standardized and adds encoding information to each byte header.

(Linux uses ISO-8859-1 by default, win32 uses GB2312 by default)

2. Encoding and decoding

Encoding: Convert characters into corresponding characters in the character set Encoding

Decoding: Find the characters corresponding to the encoding in the character set

Transmission process of Chinese in the network

1. Taking Java as an example, eclipse uses UTF- 8 encoding set, Tomcat server uses ISO-8859-1 encoding set by default, and browsers generally use GBK encoding set by default.

Characters are transmitted between the program and the server, and bytes are transmitted between the server and the browser.

2. Chinese transmission process:

Chinese characters in the browser -----> encode -----> server -----> decode ----->Program;

Chinese characters in the program----->Server----->Decode----->Browser---- ->Encoding for display

3. Reasons for garbled characters and solutions:

(1). Chinese characters in the browser are encoded in GBK and transmitted to the server in byte streams. The server then decodes it in ISO-8859-1 and transmits it to the program in the form of characters.

Because the ISO-8859-1 encoding set does not support Chinese characters, all decoded characters are Western European characters. Transmitting these characters to the program will produce garbled characters;

For this reason, Just set the server's encoding set to UTF-8:

request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

But this method can only be used for POST request method, because the setting will only affect the content in the request body. If it is GET request method , you can use the method of decoding first and then encoding:

byte[] buffer = request.getParameter("word").getBytes("ISO-8859-1");  //进行编码
String newStr = new String(buffer,"UTF-8");  //进行解码

(2). The Chinese characters in the program are transmitted to the server as they are. The server must first encode the Chinese characters and then transmit them to the browser, but because of ISO-8859- 1 The encoding set does not support Chinese characters, so the corresponding encoding cannot be found in the character set. After encoding, it becomes a question mark, which is transmitted to the browser and displayed;

In this case, it needs to be done twice Settings:

response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");//将服务器编码集设置为UTF-8
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); //将浏览器编码集设置为UTF-8

In fact, the second line of settings already includes the settings for the server, so usually you only need to write the second sentence of code.

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