The problem of high concurrency is a problem we often encounter, so how to solve the problem of high concurrency? This article introduces the use of Redis locks to solve high concurrency problems. Let’s take a look.
Here we mainly use the setnx command of Redis to handle high concurrency.
setnx has two parameters. The first parameter represents the key. The second parameter represents the value. If the current key does not exist, the current key will be inserted, using the second parameter as the value. Return 1. If the current key exists, 0 will be returned.
Create inventory table
CREATE TABLE `storage` ( `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `number` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
Set the initial inventory to 10
Create order table
CREATE TABLE `order` ( `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `number` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
When testing without locks
$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=127.0.0.1;dbname=test', 'root', 'root'); $sql="select `number` from storage where id=1 limit 1"; $res = $pdo->query($sql)->fetch(); $number = $res['number']; if($number>0) { $sql ="insert into `order` VALUES (null,$number)"; $order_id = $pdo->query($sql); if($order_id) { $sql="update storage set `number`=`number`-1 WHERE id=1"; $pdo->query($sql); } }
ab The test simulated concurrency and found that the inventory was correct.
mysql> select * from storage; +----+--------+ | id | number | +----+--------+ | 1 | 0 | +----+--------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Looking at the order table
mysql> select * from `order`; +----+--------+ | id | number | +----+--------+ | 1 | 10 | | 2 | 10 | | 3 | 9 | | 4 | 7 | | 5 | 6 | | 6 | 5 | | 7 | 5 | | 8 | 5 | | 9 | 4 | | 10 | 1 | +----+--------+ 10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
I found that there are several orders operating on the same inventory data, which may cause oversold conditions.
Modify the code and add redis lock for data control
<?php /** * Created by PhpStorm. * User: daisc * Date: 2018/7/23 * Time: 14:45 */ class Lock { private static $_instance ; private $_redis; private function __construct() { $this->_redis = new Redis(); $this->_redis ->connect('127.0.0.1'); } public static function getInstance() { if(self::$_instance instanceof self) { return self::$_instance; } return self::$_instance = new self(); } /** * @function 加锁 * @param $key 锁名称 * @param $expTime 过期时间 */ public function set($key,$expTime) { //初步加锁 $isLock = $this->_redis->setnx($key,time()+$expTime); if($isLock) { return true; } else { //加锁失败的情况下。判断锁是否已经存在,如果锁存在切已经过期,那么删除锁。进行重新加锁 $val = $this->_redis->get($key); if($val&&$val<time>del($key); } return $this->_redis->setnx($key,time()+$expTime); } } /** * @param $key 解锁 */ public function del($key) { $this->_redis->del($key); } } $pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=127.0.0.1;dbname=test', 'root', 'root'); $lockObj = Lock::getInstance(); //判断是能加锁成功 if($lock = $lockObj->set('storage',10)) { $sql="select `number` from storage where id=1 limit 1"; $res = $pdo->query($sql)->fetch(); $number = $res['number']; if($number>0) { $sql ="insert into `order` VALUES (null,$number)"; $order_id = $pdo->query($sql); if($order_id) { $sql="update storage set `number`=`number`-1 WHERE id=1"; $pdo->query($sql); } } //解锁 $lockObj->del('storage'); } else { //加锁不成功执行其他操作。 }</time>
Carry out the ab
test again and check the test results
mysql> select * from `order`; +----+--------+ | id | number | +----+--------+ | 1 | 10 | | 2 | 9 | | 3 | 8 | | 4 | 7 | | 5 | 6 | | 6 | 5 | | 7 | 4 | | 8 | 3 | | 9 | 2 | | 10 | 1 | +----+--------+ 10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
It is found that the order table does not operate the same inventory The situation of the data. Therefore, using redis lock can effectively handle high concurrency.
There is actually no need to judge the expiration time when locking. In order to avoid deadlock, we add an expiration time judgment. Actively delete the lock when it expires.
Related recommendations:
php uses file locks to solve high concurrency problems
How to use Redis to store PHP sessions Solve the problem of concurrency and consistency
The above is the detailed content of How to use Redis lock to solve high concurrency problems. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

To protect the application from session-related XSS attacks, the following measures are required: 1. Set the HttpOnly and Secure flags to protect the session cookies. 2. Export codes for all user inputs. 3. Implement content security policy (CSP) to limit script sources. Through these policies, session-related XSS attacks can be effectively protected and user data can be ensured.

Methods to optimize PHP session performance include: 1. Delay session start, 2. Use database to store sessions, 3. Compress session data, 4. Manage session life cycle, and 5. Implement session sharing. These strategies can significantly improve the efficiency of applications in high concurrency environments.

Thesession.gc_maxlifetimesettinginPHPdeterminesthelifespanofsessiondata,setinseconds.1)It'sconfiguredinphp.iniorviaini_set().2)Abalanceisneededtoavoidperformanceissuesandunexpectedlogouts.3)PHP'sgarbagecollectionisprobabilistic,influencedbygc_probabi

In PHP, you can use the session_name() function to configure the session name. The specific steps are as follows: 1. Use the session_name() function to set the session name, such as session_name("my_session"). 2. After setting the session name, call session_start() to start the session. Configuring session names can avoid session data conflicts between multiple applications and enhance security, but pay attention to the uniqueness, security, length and setting timing of session names.

The session ID should be regenerated regularly at login, before sensitive operations, and every 30 minutes. 1. Regenerate the session ID when logging in to prevent session fixed attacks. 2. Regenerate before sensitive operations to improve safety. 3. Regular regeneration reduces long-term utilization risks, but the user experience needs to be weighed.

Setting session cookie parameters in PHP can be achieved through the session_set_cookie_params() function. 1) Use this function to set parameters, such as expiration time, path, domain name, security flag, etc.; 2) Call session_start() to make the parameters take effect; 3) Dynamically adjust parameters according to needs, such as user login status; 4) Pay attention to setting secure and httponly flags to improve security.

The main purpose of using sessions in PHP is to maintain the status of the user between different pages. 1) The session is started through the session_start() function, creating a unique session ID and storing it in the user cookie. 2) Session data is saved on the server, allowing data to be passed between different requests, such as login status and shopping cart content.

How to share a session between subdomains? Implemented by setting session cookies for common domain names. 1. Set the domain of the session cookie to .example.com on the server side. 2. Choose the appropriate session storage method, such as memory, database or distributed cache. 3. Pass the session ID through cookies, and the server retrieves and updates the session data based on the ID.


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

mPDF
mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

PhpStorm Mac version
The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools