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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialSession sharing: How php and redis clusters implement session sharing

 

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一、redis 数据库集群安装

  1. 软件版本redis-3.2.11、php-redis-2.2.4

角色

IP 地址

 主机名

Redis 数据库服务器

192.168.1.41

Redis41

Slave 1 Redis 数据库服务器

192.168.1.42

Redis42

Slave 2 Redis 数据库服务器

192.168.1.43

Redis43

VIP 地址

192.168.1.40

 

三台数据库同样配置

adduser -s /sbin/nologin -d /var/lib/redis redis
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++
tar -xf redis-3.2.11.tar.gz
cd redis-3.2.11/
make MALLOC=libc   //用MALLOC这个 环境变量去编译Redis,而且libc 并不是默认的 分配器,默认的是 jemalloc
make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis install    //指定安装路径
mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/conf
cp redis.conf /usr/local/redis/conf/    
cp sentinel.conf /usr/local/redis/conf/

常用配置选项/usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf

– port 6379     // 端口
– bind 192.168.1.41     //IP 地址
– tcp-backlog 511     //tcp 连接总数
– timeout 0     // 连接超时时间
– tcp-keepalive 300     // 长连接时间
– daemonize yes     // 守护进程方式运行
– databases 16     // 数据库个数
– logfile /var/log/redis_6379.log     //pid 文件
– maxclients 10000     // 并发连接数量
– dir /var/lib/redis/6379    // 数据库目录

配置Redis能够让systemclt系统管理(非必须)

  1. vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/redis.server

[Unit]
Description=Redis In-Memory Data Store
After=network.target

[Service]
User=redis
Group=redis
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf
ExecStop=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli shutdown
Restart=always
RestartSec=42s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

二、安装 php-redis 扩展

配置 php 支持 Redis

tar zxvf phpredis-2.2.4.tar.gz   

cd phpredis-2.2.4    

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize    //用phpize生成configure配置文件

./configure --enable-redis --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config  

make && make install    

php -m |grep redis

编写测试文件 redis.php 进行页面测试

<?php
$redis = new redis();
$redis->connect(&#39;192.168.1.41&#39;,6379);
$redis->set(&#39;redistest&#39;,&#39;666666&#39;);
echo $redis->get(&#39;redistest&#39;);
?>

三、redis 服务器集群高可用

redis集群实现大概有以下几种方式

redis-cluster,  官方提供的集群搭建方案(过于重量级,比较适合后期数据量较大的时候的使用)

redis+keepalive  虚拟IP,多台配置非常复杂,不宜维护,需要 slaveof no one 脚本

redis+zookeeper  需要引入zookeeper,对现有代码变动较大

redis+sentinel   redis自带监控中间件,哨兵模式
配置三台 redis 服务器
配置主从关系,在 slave 上添加配置

slaveof 192.168.1.41 6379

查看集群主从关系

redis-cli -h 192.168.1.41 -p 6379 info replication

修改 redis 哨兵配置文件 sentinel.conf

bind 192.168.1.41

protected-mode no

daemonize yes

port 26379

dir /tmp

sentinel monitor mymaster 192.168.1.41 6379 2

sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster 3000

sentinel parallel-syncs mymaster 1

sentinel failover-timeout mymaster 5000

sentinel client-reconfig-script mymaster /usr/local/redis/conf/reconfig.sh

分别在主,从上启动 sentinel

redis-sentinel /usr/local/redis/conf/sentinel.conf

查看哨兵状态

redis-cli -h 192.168.1.41 -p 26379 info sentinel

四、客户端兼容问题

        客户端程序(如PHP程序)连接redis时需要ip和port,但redis-server进行故障转移时,主数据库是变化的,所以ip地址也是变化的,客户端程序如何感知当前主redis的ip地址和端口呢?
        redis-sentinel提供了接口,请求任何一个sentinel,发送SENTINEL get-master-addr-by-name 就能得到当前主redis的ip和port。

解决方案:

增加配置切换脚本 sentinel.conf,当主数据库服务宕机时,实现VIP漂移自动切换主从。
sentinel client-reconfig-script mymaster /usr/local/redis/conf/reconfig.sh

#!/bin/bash
#mymaster leader start 192.168.1.41 6379 192.168.1.42 6379
VIP="192.168.1.40/24"
local_ip=$(ip  addr show dev eth0 |awk &#39;$1=="inet"{print $2}&#39;)
if [[ "${local_ip%%/*}" == "$4" ]];then
   /usr/sbin/ifconfig eth0:1 down
elif [[ "${local_ip%%/*}" == "$6" ]];then
   /usr/sbin/ifconfig eth0:1 "${VIP}"
fi

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