Detailed introduction to hello world in php extension

Preface

This is a memo that I have been wanting to write for a long time. Writing PHP extensions is full of articles, but many of them are very old. Yes. Some examples don't work. It's a bit embarrassing.
This article is used to record your own notes as a memo.

Text

1. Download the php installation package

Download address: php download quick link
This article selects the php-5.6.7 installation package.
After that install php.

2. Create an extended skeleton

//跑到ext目录cd php-5.6.7/ext///执行一键生成骨架的操作./ext_skel --extname=helloworld

If you see the following prompt indicating the creation result

cd helloworld
ls

you will find the following files:

config.m4  config.w32  CREDITS  EXPERIMENTAL  helloworld.c  helloworld.php  php_helloworld.h  tests

3. Modify the extended configuration file config.m4

Remove the dnl before the following code. (dnl is equivalent to php's //)

##动态编译选项，通过.so的方式链接，去掉dnl注释PHP_ARG_WITH(helloworld, for helloworld support,
Make sure that the comment is aligned:
[  --with-helloworld             Include helloworld support])##静态编译选项，通过enable来启用，去掉dnl注释PHP_ARG_ENABLE(helloworld, whether to enable helloworld support,
Make sure that the comment is aligned:
[  --enable-helloworld           Enable helloworld support])

Generally, you can choose one of the two (it depends on personal preference, the enable comment must be removed in this tutorial).

4. Perform compilation test

phpize
./configure --enable-helloworldmakemake install

Then add the extension to php.ini

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini// 添加扩展extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/"extension = "helloworld.so"// 重启php-fpm/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart

Go back to the folder where the extension was written and execute the test command

php -d enable_dl=On myfile.php

Seeing the following words indicates that victory is not far away:

confirm_helloworld_compiled

Congratulations! You have successfully modified ext/helloworld/config.m4. Module helloworld is now compiled into PHP.

confirm_helloworld_compiled is a test function automatically generated by ext_skel.

ps: If two PHP versions are installed locally and the extension is written in PHP7, you may encounter the following problems:

/mydata/src/php-7.0.0/ext/helloworld/helloworld.c: 在函数‘zif_confirm_helloworld_compiled’中:
/mydata/src/php-7.0.0/ext/helloworld/helloworld.c:58: 错误：‘zend_string’未声明(在此函数内第一次使用)
/mydata/src/php-7.0.0/ext/helloworld/helloworld.c:58: 错误：(即使在一个函数内多次出现，每个未声明的标识符在其
/mydata/src/php-7.0.0/ext/helloworld/helloworld.c:58: 错误：所在的函数内也只报告一次。)
/mydata/src/php-7.0.0/ext/helloworld/helloworld.c:58: 错误：‘strg’未声明(在此函数内第一次使用)

Cause: The compilation environment is not PHP7.
Solution: There is no zend_string type in php5, replace it with char, or modify your php version environment to php7

5. Create helloworld function

Edit helloworld.c, add the following Implemented function

##zend_function_entry helloworld_functions 补充要实现的函数const zend_function_entry helloworld_functions[] = { 
    PHP_FE(confirm_helloworld_compiled, NULL)       /* For testing, remove later. */
    PHP_FE(helloworld,  NULL)       /* 这是补充的一行，尾巴没有逗号 */
    PHP_FE_END  /* Must be the last line in helloworld_functions[] */};

Find "PHP_FUNCTION(confirm_helloworld_compiled)", start another function to write the function entity:

PHP_FUNCTION(helloworld) {    php_printf("Hello World!\n");
    RETURN_TRUE;
}

Go through the compilation again:

./configure --enable-helloworld && make && make install

Test whether it is true The success:

php -d enable_dl=On -r "dl('helloworld.so');helloworld();"//输出Hello World!

Success!

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