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Java与PHP的区别

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Jun 23, 2016 pm 02:30 PM

求职之前，一直觉得会被面试官问到这个问题，所以有所准备，发出来和大家讨论下：

PHP面向对象特性不完整（如命名空间，方法重载，多重继承）； PHP不支持多线程； PHP对Oracle等数据库支持不好，没有JDBC这样的统一接口； Java将源代码编译为字节码，依赖于各平台的JVM解释运行，而PHP是纯脚本执行编译，在效率上会有影响，不过目前也有一些解决方案将PHP编译为字节码； PHP与C、Shell等都有类似之处，上手快；一般大学里只教授C++与Java，因此熟悉PHP的应届生并不多，因此有的企业选型也就偏向了Java；最关键的是，Java和PHP代表了两种企业文化：Java阵营背后站着Sun、Oracle、IBM，从数据库、数据仓库、中间件等都有完善的商业解决方案，而PHP依托的Lamp平台更强调开源和DIY精神，需要使用者自行根据需求调优乃至Hack开源软件，因此银行等企业更倾向于使用Java解决方案，关注业务逻辑，其他上下游服务使用商业产品（尤其是在国内的行业背景，对于一些企业而言，与其冒着风险去投入人力做调优和预研，不如花钱做甲方，至少出了事情直接可以推到乙方身上，曾经有帖子说xx运营商研究院这类机构是运营商的乙方，但是又是其他外包服务公司的甲方，总之就是不会自己去做开发），而在互联网领域PHP应用广泛，在各大公司都有成功的实践，无论是开源组件的发布或是性能调优的交流都日益增多，这和Lamp本身的开源特性是分不开的，Lamp是完全透明可调优的，其中任意一个组件也是可替代的。

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