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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorialphp中header函数设置网页浏览器缓存

php中header函数设置网页浏览器缓存,可以通过php语言来设置我们需要的缓存方式及时间,php的header函数提高你了很多的参数来设置一个网页的http头部信息,可以去查看下php函数header用法详解。

网页的缓存是由HTTP消息头中的“Cache-control”来控制的,常见的取值有private、no-cache、max-age、must-revalidate等,默认为private。其作用根据不同的重新浏览方式分为以下几种情况:

(1) 打开新窗口

值为private、no-cache、must-revalidate,那么打开新窗口访问时都会重新访问服务器。
而如果指定了max-age值,那么在此值内的时间里就不会重新访问服务器,例如:

Cache-control: max-age=5(表示当访问此网页后的5秒内再次访问不会去服务器)

(2) 在地址栏回车

值为private或must-revalidate则只有第一次访问时会访问服务器,以后就不再访问。
值为no-cache,那么每次都会访问。

值为max-age,则在过期之前不会重复访问。

(3) 按后退按扭

值为private、must-revalidate、max-age,则不会重访问,

值为no-cache,则每次都重复访问

(4) 按刷新按扭

无论为何值,都会重复访问Cache-control值为“no-cache”时,访问此页面不会在Internet临时文章夹留下页面备份。

另外,通过指定“Expires”值也会影响到缓存。例如,指定Expires值为一个早已过去的时间,那么访问此网时若重复在地址栏按回车,那么每次都会重复访问: Expires: Fri, 31 Dec 1999 16:00:00 GMT

比如:禁止页面在IE中缓存http响应消息头部设置:

CacheControl = no-cache

Pragma=no-cache

Expires = -1Expires是个好东东,如果服务器上的网页经常变化,就把它设置为-1,表示立即过期。如果一个网页每天凌晨1点更新,可以把Expires设置为第二天的凌晨1点。

当HTTP1.1服务器指定CacheControl = no-cache时,浏览器就不会缓存该网页。旧式 HTTP 1.0 服务器不能使用 Cache-Control 标题。

所以为了向后兼容 HTTP 1.0 服务器,IE使用Pragma:no-cache 标题对 HTTP 提供特殊支持。

如果客户端通过安全连接 (https://)与服务器通讯,且服务器在响应中返回 Pragma:no-cache 标题,则 Internet Explorer不会缓存此响应。

注意:Pragma:no-cache 仅当在安全连接中使用时才防止缓存,如果在非安全页中使用,处理方式与 Expires:-1相同,该页将被缓存,但被标记为立即过期


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