php pack、unpack、ord 函数使用方法(二进制流接口应用实例)
在工作中,我也逐渐了解到pack,unpack,ord对于二进制字节处理的强大。 下面我逐一介绍它们。在我们工作中,用到它们的估计不多。 我在最近一个工作中,因为通讯需要用到二进制流,然后接口用php接收。当时在处理时候,查阅不少资料。因为它们使用确实比较少,也很少朋友工作中会用到它们。 在工作中,我也逐渐了解到pack,unpack,ord对于二进制字节处理的强大。 下面我逐一介绍它们。
pacrk函数说明:本函数用来将资料压缩打包到位的字符串之中。
语法:pack(format,args+)
参数 描述
format 必需。规定在包装数据时所使用的格式。
args+ 可选。规定被包装的一个或多个参数。
字符 说明
a 将字符串空白以 NULL 字符填满
A 将字符串空白以 SPACE 字符 (空格) 填满
h 十六进位字符串,低位在前
H 十六进位字符串,高位在前
c 有号字符
C 无号字符
s 有号短整数 (十六位,依计算机的位顺序)
S 无号短整数 (十六位,依计算机的位顺序)
n 无号短整数 (十六位, 高位在后的顺序)
v 无号短整数 (十六位, 低位在后的顺序)
i 有号整数 (依计算机的顺序及范围)
I 无号整数 (依计算机的顺序及范围)
l 有号长整数 (卅二位,依计算机的位顺序)
L 无号长整数 (卅二位,依计算机的位顺序)
N 无号短整数 (卅二位, 高位在后的顺序)
V 无号短整数 (卅二位, 低位在后的顺序)
f 单精确浮点数 (依计算机的范围)
d 倍精确浮点数 (依计算机的范围)
x 空位
X 倒回一位
@ 填入 NULL 字符到绝对位置
unpack函数说明:本函数用来将位的字符串的资料解压缩
语法:unpack(format,args+)
参数 描述
format 必需。规定在包装数据时所使用的格式。
args+ 可选。规定被包装的一个或多个参数。
参数与pack相同。
ord函数说明:返回对应字符的acill码值
语法:ord($character);
实例说明:
//A字符 $str = (pack ( "A*", "中国" )); echo $str, "=", strlen ( $str ), "字节\n"; getAscill ( $str ); echo '<br>'; //H字符 $str = (pack ( "H*", "fffe" )); echo $str, "=", strlen ( $str ), "字节\n"; getAscill ( $str ); echo '<br>'; //C字符 $str = (pack ( "C*", "55", "56", "57" )); echo $str, "=", strlen ( $str ), "字节\n"; getAscill ( $str ); echo '<br>'; //i字符 短整形 32位 4个字节 64位8个字节 $str = (pack ( "i", "100" )); echo $str, "=", strlen ( $str ), "字节\n"; getAscill ( $str ); echo '<br>'; //s字符 短整形 2个字节 $str = (pack ( "s", "100" )); echo $str, "=", strlen ( $str ), "字节\n"; getAscill ( $str ); echo '<br>'; //l字符 长整形 4个字节 $str = (pack ( "l", "100" )); echo $str, "=", strlen ( $str ), "字节\n"; getAscill ( $str ); echo '<br>'; //f字符 单精度浮点 4个字节 $str = (pack ( "f", "100" )); echo $str, "=", strlen ( $str ), "字节\n"; getAscill ( $str ); echo '<br>'; //d字符 双精度浮点 8个字节 $str = (pack ( "d", "100" )); echo $str, "=", strlen ( $str ), "字节\n"; getAscill ( $str ); echo '<br>'; function getAscill($str) { $arr = str_split ( $str ); foreach ( $arr as $v ) { echo $v, "=", ord ( $v ), "\n"; } echo "=============\r\n\r\n"; }
通过上面实例,我们可以看到,相同字符串,用不同格式存储,所占用的字节数不同。 这里也可以看到,以不同格式保存字符可以达存储节省空间。而且启到不可读加密效果。 突然想到一点,设计数据库字段类型问题,如果一个字段只是:10位长度整型。我们设置为整形:256*256*256*256 就4个字节,如果设置为10个长度字符串。那就占10个字节。整个消化空间就是2倍的。 设置正确字符类型对提高数据库性能有很多帮助。呵呵,有点跑题了……
php处理字节码通讯实例分析
刚刚说的pack作用:节省空间、加密格式
下面就这2个做一个实例说明,接口开发要求:
参数 描述
用户名 20字节,字符型
密码 10字节,字符型
年龄 1字节,无符char型
出生年月 4字节,整型(19800101)
邮箱 50字节,字符串
各字段间用:"\0"分割
A、PACK封包
$code=array( "username"=>array("A20","张三adfb12"), "pass"=>array("A10","asdf*#1"), "age"=>array("C","23"), "birthday"=>array("I","19900101"), "email"=>array("A50","zhangsan@163.com")); $stream=join("\0",packByArr($code)); echo $stream,strlen($stream); file_put_contents("c:/1.txt",$stream); //将流保存起来便于下面读取 function packByArr($arr) { $atArr=array(); foreach ($arr as $k=>$v) { $atArr[]=pack($v[0],$v[1]); } return $atArr; } function getAscill($str) { $arr=str_split($str); foreach ($arr as $v) { echo $v,"=",ord($v),"\n"; } }
因为用”\0”分割,整个长度是89字节。通过上面输出,有一些字符串输出是可以读取的,其它都已经变成乱码了。这也是我说可以保密效果原因。
B、Unpack解包
解包需要按照,打包方式读取,该读取多长,该用什么类型读取,必须与打包规定一样。
$code=array( "username"=>array("A20"), "pass"=>array("A10"), "age"=>array("C"), "birthday"=>array("I"), "email"=>array("A50")); $stream=file_get_contents("c:/1.txt"); var_dump(packByArr($stream,$code)); function packByArr($str,$code) { $Arr=explode("\0",$str); $atArr=array(); $i=0; foreach ($code as $k=>$v) { $atArr[$k]=unpack($v[0],$Arr[$i]); $i++; } return $atArr; }
引自:http://randomclan.blog.163.com/blog/static/1453009820125454418912/

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