How to Connect PHP to MSSQL via PDO ODBC: A Step-by-Step Guide to Driver Setup

Connect PHP to MSSQL via PDO ODBC: Understanding Driver Setup

When attempting to connect to a MSSQL database via PDO using ODBC, you might encounter issues if the necessary configuration files are not properly set up. Let's explore the key aspects of driver setup to resolve this problem.

Prerequisites:

• Install unixodbc and freetds packages (e.g., apt-get install unixodbc tdsodbc on Ubuntu).
• Ensure the correct ODBC driver for your platform is installed (/usr/lib folder may vary based on your architecture)

Configuration Files:

• odbc.ini: Define the database connection ([mssql] section).
• odbcinst.ini: Specify the driver location ([freetds] section).
• freetds.conf: Define the TDS version and host connection details ([mssql] section).

Examples:

• odbc.ini:

  [mssql]
  Description=MSSQL Server
  Driver=freetds
  Database=XXXXXX
  ServerName=MSSQL
  TDS_Version=7.1

• odbcinst.ini:

  [freetds]
  Description=MS SQL database access with Free TDS
  Driver=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/odbc/libtdsodbc.so
  Setup=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/odbc/libtdsS.so
  UsageCount=1

• freetds.conf:

  [mssql]
  host=XXXXXX
  port=1433
  tds version=7.1

PHP Code:

Once configured, connect to the database using PDO:

$pdo = new PDO("dblib:host=mssql;dbname=$dbname", "$dbuser", "$dbpwd");

Note that your username may require a domainusername format. Execute phpinfo() to verify successful connection by searching for "freetds" in the "mssql" section under the "Libraries" section.

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