


This article mainly introduces how to solve the problems of high concurrency and large traffic in PHP. It has certain reference value. Now I share it with everyone. Friends in need can refer to it
Basic knowledge
## TFS: Throughput (Throughput refers to the number of requests the system handles per unit time)
RT: Response time (from the time the request is sent to the response time)
Number of concurrent users: The number of users who access the site at the same time within a period of time
QPS: Query rate per second (requests or responses per second, in the Internet field, the number of responses per second (HTTP requests))
PV : page view page visits
UV:user view user visits
Generally speaking, the daily pv (visits) is greater than 10 million It can be calculated as high concurrency
Daily website bandwidth = PV / statistical time (seconds) * average page size (KB) * 8
Stress Test
It is recommended to use apache’s own stress testing tool ab
How to use : Enter the apache directory and run in the current directory (windows):
ab.exe -n 总请求量 -c 并发请求量 http://请求地址
After the request is completed, we can get the data:
Server Software: Apache/2.4.18 服务器类型 Server Hostname: eko.xiao.com 域名 Server Port: 80 端口 Document Path: /index.html 请求文件 Document Length: 529 bytes 文件大小 Concurrency Level: 100 并发数 Time taken for tests: 1.240 seconds 总响应时间 Complete requests: 1000 请求数 Failed requests: 0 失败次数 Total transferred: 800000 bytes 总共传输数据量 HTML transferred: 529000 bytes Requests per second: 806.41 [#/sec] (mean) QPS(每秒查询率) Time per request: 124.007 [ms] (mean) 平均响应时间 Time per request: 1.240 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 630.00 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 1 1.4 1 38 Processing: 42 114 34.2 103 204 Waiting: 41 113 33.9 102 204 Total: 43 115 34.5 104 207 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 104 66% 117 75% 133 80% 136 90% 173 95% 197 98% 204 99% 204 100% 207 (longest request)
Optimization
As QPS increases, different optimization measures are required at each stage. The optimization plan is also related to hardware and network conditions. QPS reaches 50 No optimization is required QPS reaches 100 (database layer) Assuming that each database query is 0.01S and each page has only one sql query, then the database limit is reached at this timeOptimization measures : Database cache, database load balancing, redis, memcacheQPS reaches 800 (network bandwidth) Assuming that each page is only 10K, then at 800QPS, the bandwidth has been exhausted Optimization measures: CDN acceleration Load balancing QPS reaches 1000 Optimization measures: Static page Traffic optimization: Anti-leeching processingFront-end optimization: Reduce HTTP requests Add asynchronous requests Enable browser cache Server optimization: Page Static Concurrency processing Queue processingDatabase optimization: Database cache Sub-database and table, partition operationThe above is the entire content of this article. I hope it will be helpful to everyone's study. For more related content, please pay attention to the PHP Chinese website! Related recommendations:
php Daniel shared: PHP code writing specifications, a comprehensive summary
PHP Introduction to installation and integration with apache
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