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在头文件<math.h>中定义



float frexpf(float arg,int * exp);

(1)

(自C99以来)

double frexp(double arg,int * exp);

(2)


long double frexpl(long double arg,int * exp);

(3)

(自C99以来)

在头文件<tgmath.h>中定义



#define frexp(arg,exp)

(4)

(自C99以来)

1-3)将给定浮点值x分解为归一化分数和2的整数幂。

4)类型 - 通用宏:如果arg的类型为long double,则调用frexpl。 否则,如果arg具有整数类型或类型double,则调用frexp。 否则,分别调用frexpf。

参数

ARG

-

浮点值

EXP

-

指向整数值以存储指数的指针

返回值

如果arg为零,则返回零并在* exp中存储零。

否则(如果arg不为零),如果没有发生错误,则返回范围(-1; -0.5],[0.5; 1)中的值x并将* exp中的整数值存储为x×2(* exp)

=arg.

如果要存储在* exp中的值超出int范围,则行为未指定。


如果arg不是浮点数,则行为未指定。

错误处理

此函数不受在math_errhandling中指定的任何错误的影响。

如果实现支持IEEE浮点运算(IEC 60559),

  • 如果arg为±0,则返回,未修改,0存储在* exp中。

  • 如果arg为±∞,则返回该值,并将未指定的值存储在* exp中。

  • 如果arg是NaN,则返回NaN,并将未指定的值存储在* exp中。

  • 没有引发浮点异常。

  • 如果FLT_RADIX是2(或2的幂),则返回的值是精确的,当前舍入模式将被忽略

注意

在二进制系统上(其中FLT_RADIX是2),frexp可以实现为:

{    *exp = (value == 0) ? 0 : (int)(1 + logb(value));    return scalbn(value, -(*exp));}

函数frexp及其双重ldexp可用于操纵浮点数的表示,而无需直接位操作。

#include <stdio.h>#include <math.h>#include <float.h>
 int main(void){
    double f = 123.45;    printf("Given the number %.2f or %a in hex,\n", f, f);
 
    double f3;
    double f2 = modf(f, &f3);    printf("modf() makes %.0f + %.2f\n", f3, f2);
 
    int i;
    f2 = frexp(f, &i);    printf("frexp() makes %f * 2^%d\n", f2, i);
 
    i = ilogb(f);    printf("logb()/ilogb() make %f * %d^%d\n", f/scalbn(1.0, i), FLT_RADIX, i);}

可能的输出:

Given the number 123.45 or 0x1.edccccccccccdp+6 in hex,modf() makes 123 + 0.45frexp() makes 0.964453 * 2^7logb()/ilogb() make 1.92891 * 2^6

参考

  • C11标准(ISO / IEC 9899:2011):

    • 7.12.6.4 frexp函数(p:243)

    • 7.25类型通用数学<tgmath.h>(p:373-375)

    • F.10.3.4 frexp函数(p:521)

  • C99标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1999):

    • 7.12.6.4 frexp函数(p:224)

    • 7.22类型通用数学<tgmath.h>(p:335-337)

    • F.9.3.4 frexp函数(p:458)

  • C89 / C90标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1990):

    • 4.5.4.2 frexp函数

扩展内容

ldexpldexpfldexpl(C99)(C99)

将一个数字乘以2来提高权力(功能)

logblogbflogbl(C99)(C99)(C99)

提取给定数字的指数(函数)

ilogbilogbfilogbl(C99)(C99)(C99)

提取给定数字的指数(函数)

modfmodffmodfl(C99)(C99)

将数字分成整数和小数部分(函数)

| 用于frexp的C ++文档 |

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