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supportsetlocaleNumericsabsacosacosfacoshacoshfacoshlacoslasinasinfasinhasinhfasinhlasinlatanatan2atan2fatan2latanfatanhatanhfatanhlatanlcabscabsfcabslcacoscacosfcacoshcacoshfcacoshlcacoslcargcargfcarglcasincasinfcasinhcasinhfcasinhlcasinlcatancatanfcatanhcatanhfcatanhlcatanlcbrtcbrtfcbrtlccosccosfccoshccoshfccoshlccoslceilceilfceillcexpcexpfcexplcimagcimagfcimaglclogclogfcloglCMPLXCMPLXFCMPLXLCommon mathematical functionscomplexComplex number arithmeticconjconjfconjlcopysigncopysignfcopysignlcoscosfcoshcoshfcoshlcoslcpowcpowfcpowlcprojcprojfcprojlcrealcrealfcreallcsincsinfcsinhcsinhfcsinhlcsinlcsqrtcsqrtfcsqrtlctanctanfctanhctanhfctanhlctanldivdouble_terferfcerfcferfclerfferflexpexp2exp2fexp2lexpfexplexpm1expm1fexpm1lfabsfabsffabslfdimfeclearexceptfegetenvfegetexceptflagfegetroundfeholdexceptferaiseexceptfesetenvfesetexceptflagfesetroundfetestexceptfeupdateenvFE_ALL_EXCEPTFE_DFL_ENVFE_DIVBYZEROFE_DOWNWARDFE_INEXACTFE_INVALIDFE_OVERFLOWFE_TONEARESTFE_TOWARDZEROFE_UNDERFLOWFE_UPWARDFloating-point 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generationrandRAND_MAXremainderremainderfremainderlremquoremquofremquolrintrintfrintlroundroundfroundlscalblnscalblnfscalblnlscalbnscalbnfscalbnlsignbitsinsinfsinhsinhfsinhlsinlsqrtsqrtfsqrtlsrandtantanftanhtanhftanhltanltgammatgammaftgammaltrunctruncftrunclType-generic math_Complex_I_Imaginary_IProgram supportabortatexitat_quick_exitexitEXIT_FAILUREEXIT_SUCCESSgetenvgetenv_sjmp_buflongjmpProgram support utilitiesquick_exitraisesetjmpSIGABRTSIGFPESIGILLSIGINTsignalSIGSEGVSIGTERMsig_atomic_tSIG_DFLSIG_ERRSIG_IGNsystem_ExitStringsatofatoiatolatollbtowcc16rtombc32rtombchar16_tchar32_tisalnumisalphaisblankiscntrlisdigitisgraphislowerisprintispunctisspaceisupperiswalnumiswalphaiswblankiswcntrliswctypeiswdigitiswgraphiswloweriswprintiswpunctiswspaceiswupperiswxdigitisxdigitmblenmbrlenmbrtoc16mbrtoc32mbrtowcmbsinitmbsrtowcsmbsrtowcs_smbstate_tmbstowcsmbstowcs_smbtowcmemchrmemcmpmemcpymemcpy_smemmovememmove_smemsetmemset_sNull-terminated byte stringsNull-terminated multibyte stringsNull-terminated wide stringsstrcatstrcat_sstrchrstrcmpstrcollstrcpystrcpy_sstrcspnstrerrorstrerrorlen_sstrerror_sStrings librarystrlenstrncatThread supportcall_oncecnd_broadcastcnd_destroycnd_initcnd_signalcnd_timedwaitcnd_waitmtx_destroymtx_initmtx_lockmtx_plainmtx_recursivemtx_timedmtx_timedlockmtx_trylockmtx_unlockonce_flagONCE_FLAG_INITthrd_busythrd_createthrd_currentthrd_detachthrd_equalthrd_errorthrd_exitthrd_jointhrd_nomemthrd_sleepthrd_successthrd_timedoutthrd_yieldThread support librarythread_localtss_createtss_deleteTSS_DTOR_ITERATIONStss_gettss_setType supportBoolean type support libraryFixed width integer typesFLT_EVAL_METHODFLT_ROUNDSmax_align_tNULLNumeric limitsoffsetofptrdiff_tsize_tType supportVariadic functionsVariadic functionsva_argva_copyva_endva_listva_start
文字

逻辑运算符对其操作数应用标准布尔代数运算。

Operator

Operator name

Example

Result

!

logical NOT

!a

the logical negation of a

&&

logical AND

a && b

the logical AND of a and b

||

logical OR

a || b

the logical OR of a and b

逻辑 NOT

逻辑 NOT 表达式具有这种形式。

! expression



其中

expression

-

an expression of any scalar type

逻辑 NOT 运算符具有类型int。它的值是0如果表达式评估为一个比较不等于零的值。它的值是1如果表达式计算出的值等于零。(如此!E相同(0==E))。

#include <stdbool.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <ctype.h>int main(void){
    bool b = !(2+2 == 4); // not true    printf("!(2+2==4) = %s\n", b ? "true" : "false");
 
    int n = isspace('a'); // zero if 'a' is a space, nonzero otherwise
    int x = !!n; // "bang-bang", common C idiom for mapping integers to [0,1]                 // (all non-zero values become 1)
    char *a[2] = {"nonspace", "space"};    printf("%s\n", a[x]); // now x can be safely used as an index to array of 2 ints}

输出:

!(2+2==4) = falsenonspace

逻辑 AND

逻辑“与”表达式具有这种形式。

lhs && rhs



其中

lhs

-

an expression of any scalar type

rhs

-

an expression of any scalar type, which is only evaluated if lhs does not compare equal to 0

逻辑 AND 运算符具有类型int和值,1如果 lhs 和rhs 比较不等于零。它具有其他值0(如果lhs或rhs或两者都等于零)。

lhs评估后有一个序列点。如果lhs的结果等于零,则根本不评估rhs(所谓的短路评估)。

#include <stdbool.h>#include <stdio.h>int main(void){
    bool b = 2+2==4 && 2*2==4; // b == true 
    1 > 2 && puts("this won't print");
 
    char *p = "abc";    if(p && *p) // common C idiom: if p is not null                // AND if p does not point at the end of the string    {           // (note that thanks to short-circuit evaluation, this                //  will not attempt to dereference a null pointer)    // ...      // ... then do some string processing    }}

逻辑或

逻辑 OR 表达式具有表格。

lhs || rhs



其中

lhs

-

an expression of any scalar type

rhs

-

an expression of any scalar type, which is only evaluated if lhs compares equal to 0

如果lhs或rhs比较不等于零,则逻辑或运算符具有类型int和值1。它有价值0否则(如果lhs和rhs比较等于零)。

lhs 评估后有一个序列点。如果lhs的结果不等于零,则根本不评估 rhs(所谓的短路评估)。

#include <stdbool.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>#include <errno.h>int main(void){
    bool b = 2+2 == 4 || 2+2 == 5; // true    printf("true or false = %s\n", b ? "true" : "false"); 
    // logical OR can be used simialar to perl's "or die", as long as rhs has scalar type    fopen("test.txt", "r") || printf("could not open test.txt: %s\n", strerror(errno));}

可能的输出:

true or false = truecould not open test.txt: No such file or directory

参考

  • C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011):

    • 6.5.3.3 Unary arithmetic operators (p: 89)

    • 6.5.13 Logical AND operator (p: 99)

    • 6.5.14 Logical OR operator (p: 99)

  • C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999):

    • 6.5.3.3 Unary arithmetic operators (p: 79)

    • 6.5.13 Logical AND operator (p: 89)

    • 6.5.14 Logical OR operator (p: 89)

  • C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990):

    • 3.3.3.3 Unary arithmetic operators

    • 3.3.13 Logical AND operator

    • 3.3.14 Logical OR operator

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