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文字

在头文件<string.h>中定义



int memcmp(const void * lhs,const void * rhs,size_t count);



比较lhs和rhs指向的对象的第一个数字字符。 比较按字典顺序完成。

结果的符号是第一对字节(两者解释为无符号字符)的值在所比较的对象中不同的符号。

如果访问超出lhs和rhs指向的任一对象的末尾,则行为是不确定的。 如果lhs或rhs是空指针,则行为未定义。

参数

lhs,rhs

-

指向要比较的对象的指针

count

-

要检查的字节数

返回值

如果 lhs 以字典顺序出现在 rhs 之前,则返回负值。

如果lhsrhs比较相等,或如果计数为零,则返回0。

如果lhs以字典顺序出现在rhs之后,则返回正值。

注意

此函数读取对象表示,而不是对象值,并且通常仅对字节数组有意义:结构体可能具有填充字节,其值不确定,联合体中最后存储的成员之外的任何字节值都是不确定的,并且类型可能对于相同的值有两个或多个表示(不同的编码为+0和-0,或者对于+0.0和-0.0,类型中的不确定填充位)。

#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h> void demo(const char* lhs, const char* rhs, size_t sz){    for(size_t n = 0; n < sz; ++n) putchar(lhs[n]);
    int rc = memcmp(lhs, rhs, sz);    if(rc == 0)        printf(" compares equal to ");    else if(rc < 0)        printf(" precedes ");    else if(rc > 0)        printf(" follows ");    for(size_t n = 0; n < sz; ++n) putchar(rhs[n]);    puts(" in lexicographical order");}
 int main(void){
    char a1[] = {'a','b','c'};
    char a2[sizeof a1] = {'a','b','d'}; 
    demo(a1, a2, sizeof a1);    demo(a2, a1, sizeof a1);    demo(a1, a1, sizeof a1);}

输出:

abc precedes abd in lexicographical order
abd follows abc in lexicographical order
abc compares equal to abc in lexicographical order

参考

  • C11标准(ISO / IEC 9899:2011):

    • 7.24.4.1 memcmp函数(p:365)

  • C99标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1999):

    • 7.21.4.1 memcmp函数(p:328)

  • C89 / C90标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1990):

    • 4.11.4.1 memcmp函数

扩展内容

STRCMP

比较两个字符串(功能)

STRNCMP

比较两个字符串的一定数量的字符(函数)

| memcmp的C ++文档 |

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在头文件<wctype.h>中定义



int iswdigit(wint_t ch);


(自C95以来)

检查给定的宽字符是否对应(如果缩小)十个十进制数字字符0123456789中的一个。

参数

CH

-

宽字符

返回值

如果宽字符是数字字符,则为非零值,否则为零。

注意

iswdigitiswxdigit是唯一不受当前安装的C语言环境影响的标准宽字符分类函数。

一些语言环境提供了检测非ASCII数字的附加字符类。

#include <stdio.h>#include <wctype.h>#include <wchar.h>#include <locale.h> void test(wchar_t a3, wchar_t u3, wchar_t j3){    printf("        '%lc' '%lc' '%lc'\n", a3, u3, j3);    printf("iswdigit %d    %d   %d\n",           !!iswdigit(a3), !!iswdigit(u3), !!iswdigit(j3));    printf("jdigit:  %d    %d   %d\n", !!iswctype(a3, wctype("jdigit")),          !!iswctype(u3, wctype("jdigit")),          !!iswctype(j3, wctype("jdigit")));}
 int main(void){
    wchar_t a3 = L'3';  // the ASCII digit 3
    wchar_t u3 = L'三'; // the CJK numeral 3
    wchar_t j3 = L'3'; // the fullwidth digit 3 
    setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.utf8");    puts("In American locale:");    test(a3, u3, j3); 
    setlocale(LC_ALL, "ja_JP.utf8");    puts("\nIn Japanese locale:");    test(a3, u3, j3);}

输出:

In American locale:        '3' '三' '3'iswdigit 1    0   0jdigit:  0    0   0
 In Japanese locale:        '3' '三' '3'iswdigit 1    0   0jdigit:  0    0   1

参考

  • C11标准(ISO / IEC 9899:2011):

    • 7.30.2.1.5 iswdigit函数(p:449)

  • C99标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1999):

    • 7.25.2.1.5 iswdigit函数(p:395)

扩展内容

isdigit

检查一个字符是否是一个数字(功能)

| 用于iswdigit的C ++文档 |

ASCII 值  (十六进制)

字符

iscntrl  iswcntrl.

isprint  iswprint.

isspace  iswspace.

isblank  iswblank.

isgraph  iswgraph.

ispunct  iswpunct.

isalnum  iswalnum.

isalpha  iswalpha.

isupper  iswupper.

islower  iswlower.

isdigit  iswdigit.

isxdigit  iswxdigit.


0 - 8

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abcdef

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