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在头文件<math.h>中定义



float fmodf(float x,float y);

(1)

(自C99以来)

double fmod(double x,double y);

(2)


long double fmodl(long double x,long double y);

(3)

(自C99以来)

在头文件<tgmath.h>中定义



#define fmod(x,y)

(4)

(自C99以来)

1-3)计算除法运算x / y的浮点余数。

4)类型 - 泛型宏:如果任何参数的类型为long double,则调用fmodl。 否则,如果任何参数具有整数类型或类型为double,则调用fmod。 否则,调用fmodf。

由该函数计算的除法运算x / y的浮点余数正好是值x-n * y,其中n是x / y,其小数部分被截断。

返回的值与x具有相同的符号,并且在幅度上小于或等于y。

参数

x, y

-

floating point values

返回值

如果成功,返回如上定义的除法x / y的浮点余数。

如果发生域错误,则返回实现定义的值(NaN,如果支持)。

如果由于下溢而发生范围错误,则返回正确的结果(舍入后)。

错误处理

按照math_errhandling中的指定报告错误。

如果y为零,则可能会出现域错误。

如果实现支持IEEE浮点运算(IEC 60559),

  • 如果x为±0且y不为零,则返回±0

  • 如果x是±∞且y不是NaN,则返回NaN并引发FE_INVALID

  • 如果y为±0且x不是NaN,则返回NaN并引发FE_INVALID

  • 如果y是±∞且x是有限的,则返回x。

  • 如果任一参数是NaN,则返回NaN

注意

如果x是无限的或者y是零,POSIX要求发生域错误。

fmod,但不是余数对于将浮点类型静默包装为无符号整数类型非常有用:(0.0 <=(y = fmod(rint(x),65536.0))?y:65536.0 + y)在范围[ -0.0 .. 65535.0],它对应于无符号短整数,但余数(rint(x),65536.0在[-32767.0,+ 32768.0]的范围内,它在有符号短整数范围之外。

fmod的双重版本的行为如同执行如下:

double fmod(double x, double y){#pragma STDC FENV_ACCESS ON
    double result = remainder(fabs(x), (y = fabs(y)));    if (signbit(result)) result += y;    return copysign(result, x);}

#include <stdio.h>#include <math.h>#include <fenv.h>
 #pragma STDC FENV_ACCESS ON
int main(void){    printf("fmod(+5.1, +3.0) = %.1f\n", fmod(5.1,3));    printf("fmod(-5.1, +3.0) = %.1f\n", fmod(-5.1,3));    printf("fmod(+5.1, -3.0) = %.1f\n", fmod(5.1,-3));    printf("fmod(-5.1, -3.0) = %.1f\n", fmod(-5.1,-3)); 
    // special values    printf("fmod(+0.0, 1.0) = %.1f\n", fmod(0, 1));    printf("fmod(-0.0, 1.0) = %.1f\n", fmod(-0.0, 1));    printf("fmod(+5.1, Inf) = %.1f\n", fmod(5.1, INFINITY)); 
    // error handling    feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT);    printf("fmod(+5.1, 0) = %.1f\n", fmod(5.1, 0));    if(fetestexcept(FE_INVALID)) puts("    FE_INVALID raised");}

可能的输出:

fmod(+5.1, +3.0) = 2.1fmod(-5.1, +3.0) = -2.1fmod(+5.1, -3.0) = 2.1fmod(-5.1, -3.0) = -2.1fmod(+0.0, 1.0) = 0.0fmod(-0.0, 1.0) = -0.0fmod(+5.1, Inf) = 5.1fmod(+5.1, 0) = nan
    FE_INVALID raised

参考

  • C11标准(ISO / IEC 9899:2011):

    • 7.12.10.1 fmod函数(p:254)

    • 7.25类型通用数学<tgmath.h>(p:373-375)

    • F.10.7.1 fmod函数(p:528)

  • C99标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1999):

    • 7.12.10.1 fmod函数(p:235)

    • 7.22类型通用数学<tgmath.h>(p:335-337)

    • F.9.7.1 fmod函数(p:465)

  • C89 / C90标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1990):

    • 4.5.6.4 fmod函数

扩展内容

divldivlldiv(C99)

计算整数除法(函数)的商和余数

remainderremainderfremainderl (C99)(C99)(C99)

计算浮点除法运算的有符号余数(函数)

remquoremquofremquol(C99)(C99)(C99)

计算带符号的余数以及除法操作(函数)的最后三位

| fmod 的 C ++文档 |

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