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AlgorithmsAlgorithms(算法)bsearchbsearch_sqsortqsort_sAtomic operationsAtomic operations library(原子操作库)ATOMIC_*_LOCK_FREEatomic_compare_exchange_strongatomic_compare_exchange_strong_explicitatomic_compare_exchange_weakatomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicitatomic_exchangeatomic_exchange_explicitatomic_fetch_addatomic_fetch_add_explicitatomic_fetch_andatomic_fetch_and_explicitatomic_fetch_oratomic_fetch_or_explicitatomic_fetch_subatomic_fetch_sub_explicitatomic_fetch_xoratomic_fetch_xor_explicitatomic_flagatomic_flag_clearatomic_flag_clear_explicitATOMIC_FLAG_INITatomic_flag_test_and_setatomic_flag_test_and_set_explicitatomic_initatomic_is_lock_freeatomic_loadatomic_load_explicitatomic_signal_fenceatomic_storeatomic_store_explicitatomic_thread_fence(线程围栏)ATOMIC_VAR_INITkill_dependencymemory_order(内存排序)C keywordsauto(自动存储)break(跳出循环)C keywords(关键词)casecharconst(常量修饰符)continuedefault(预设运算式)dodouble(双精度浮点型)elseenum(枚举类型)extern(全局变量)float(浮点数)forfortrangoto(goto语句)if(if语句)inline(行内函式)intlong(长整型)register(寄存器变量)restrict( restrict类型限定符)returnshortsignedsizeof(sizeof运算符)static(静态变量)struct(结构体)switch(switch语句)typedef(typedef关键字)union(联合体)unsigned(无符号)void(空类型)volatile(volatile变量)while(while语句)_Alignas_Alignof_Atomic_Bool_Complex_Generic_Imaginary_Noreturn_Static_assert_Thread_localC language#define directive#elif directive#else directive#endif directive#error directive#if directive#ifdef directive#ifndef directive#include directive#line directive#pragma directivealignas(对齐指定符)Alternative operators and tokens(替代运算符和令牌)AnalyzabilityArithmetic operatorsArithmetic typesArray declaration(数组声明)Array initialization(阵列初始化)ASCII ChartAssignment operators(赋值运算符)types(atomic类型限定符)Basic conceptsBit fields(位域)break statementC languageC Operator Precedencecast operatorcharacter constant(字符字面量)Comments(注释符)Comparison operators(比较运算符)compound literals(符合字面量)Conditional inclusion(条件包含)Conformance(一致性)const type qualifier(const 限定符)Constant expressions(常量表达)continue statementDeclarations(声明)do-while loopEnumerations(枚举类型)Escape sequences(转义字符)Expressions(表达式)External and tentative definitions(外部和暂定的定义)File scope(文件范围)floating constant(浮点常量)for loopFunction declarations(函数声明)Function definitions(函数声明)FunctionsGeneric selection泛型选择goto statementIdentifier(标示符)if statementImplicit conversions(隐式转换)Increment/decrement operators(前置/后置操作符)Initialization(初始化)inline function specifier(内联函式)integer constantLifetime(生命期)Logical operators(逻辑运算符)Lookup and name spacesMain function(主函式)Member access operators(会员接入运营商)Memory modelObjects and alignment(字节对齐)Order of evaluation(评估顺序)Other operatorsPhases of translation(翻译阶段)Pointer declarationPreprocessor(预处理)restrict type qualifier(restrict类型限定符)return statementScalar initialization(标量类型初始化)Scope(范围)sizeof operator(sizeof运算符)Statements(陈述)static assert declaration(静态断言声明)Static storage duration(静态存储周期)Storage-class specifiers(存储类说明符)string literals(字符串字面量)Struct and union initialization(结构体与联合体初始化)Struct declaration(结构体声明)switch statementThread storage duration(线程存储时间)TypeType(类型)Typedef declaration(Typedef声明)Undefined behavior(未定义行为)Union declaration(联合体声明)Value categories(值类别)Variadic arguments(变长参数宏)volatile type qualifier(volatile 类型限定符)while loop_Alignof operator_Noreturn function specifierDate and timeasctime(asctime函数)asctime_sclockCLOCKS_PER_SECclock_tctime(ctime函数)ctime_sDate and time utilities(日期和时间库)difftime(计算两个时间的间隔)gmtimegmtime_slocaltimelocaltime_smktime(将时间结构数据转换成经过的秒数的函数)strftime(格式化输出时间函数)timetimespectimespec_gettime_ttmwcsftime(格式化时间宽字符)Dynamic memory managementaligned_allocC memory management library(内存管理库)callocfree(释放动态分配空间的函数)malloc(动态分配内存空间的函数)realloc(重新分配内存空间的函数)Error handlingabort_handler_sassert(断言)constraint_handler_terrno(错误报告)Error handling(错误处理)Error numbers(错误个数)ignore_handler_sset_constraint_handler_sstatic_assertFile input/outputclearerr(清除/复位)fclosefeofferrorfflush(清空文件缓冲区)fgetcfgetposfgetsfgetwcfgetwsFile input/outputfopenfopen_sfprintffprintf_sfputcfputsfputwcfputwsfreadfreopenfreopen_sfscanffscanf_sfseekfsetposftellfwidefwprintffwprintf_sfwritefwscanffwscanf_sgetcgetchargetsgets_sgetwcharperrorprintfprintf_sputcputcharputsputwcputwcharremoverenamerewindscanfscanf_ssetbufsetvbufsnprintfsprintfsscanfsscanf_sswprintfswprintf_sswscanfswscanf_stmpfiletmpfile_stmpnamtmpnam_sungetcungetwcvfprintfvfprintf_svfscanfvfscanf_svfwprintfvfwprintf_svfwscanfvfwscanf_svprintfvprintf_svscanfvscanf_svsnprintfvsprintfvsscanfvsscanf_svswprintfvswprintf_svswscanfvswscanf_svwprintfvwprintf_svwscanfvwscanf_swprintfwprintf_swscanfwscanf_sLocalization supportlconvLC_ALLLC_COLLATELC_CTYPELC_MONETARYLC_NUMERICLC_TIMElocaleconvLocalization supportsetlocaleNumericsabsacosacosfacoshacoshfacoshlacoslasinasinfasinhasinhfasinhlasinlatanatan2atan2fatan2latanfatanhatanhfatanhlatanlcabscabsfcabslcacoscacosfcacoshcacoshfcacoshlcacoslcargcargfcarglcasincasinfcasinhcasinhfcasinhlcasinlcatancatanfcatanhcatanhfcatanhlcatanlcbrtcbrtfcbrtlccosccosfccoshccoshfccoshlccoslceilceilfceillcexpcexpfcexplcimagcimagfcimaglclogclogfcloglCMPLXCMPLXFCMPLXLCommon mathematical functionscomplexComplex number arithmeticconjconjfconjlcopysigncopysignfcopysignlcoscosfcoshcoshfcoshlcoslcpowcpowfcpowlcprojcprojfcprojlcrealcrealfcreallcsincsinfcsinhcsinhfcsinhlcsinlcsqrtcsqrtfcsqrtlctanctanfctanhctanhfctanhlctanldivdouble_terferfcerfcferfclerfferflexpexp2exp2fexp2lexpfexplexpm1expm1fexpm1lfabsfabsffabslfdimfeclearexceptfegetenvfegetexceptflagfegetroundfeholdexceptferaiseexceptfesetenvfesetexceptflagfesetroundfetestexceptfeupdateenvFE_ALL_EXCEPTFE_DFL_ENVFE_DIVBYZEROFE_DOWNWARDFE_INEXACTFE_INVALIDFE_OVERFLOWFE_TONEARESTFE_TOWARDZEROFE_UNDERFLOWFE_UPWARDFloating-point environmentfloat_tfloorfloorffloorlfmafmaffmalfmaxfmaxffmaxlfminfminffminlfmodfmodffmodlfpclassifyFP_INFINITEFP_NANFP_NORMALFP_SUBNORMALFP_ZEROfrexpfrexpffrexplHUGE_VALHUGE_VALFHUGE_VALLhypothypotfhypotlIilogbilogbfilogblimaginaryimaxabsimaxdivINFINITYisfiniteisgreaterisgreaterequalisinfislessislessequalislessgreaterisnanisnormalisunorderedlabsldexpldexpfldexplldivlgammalgammaflgammalllabslldivllrintllrintfllrintlllroundllroundfllroundlloglog10log10flog10llog1plog1pflog1pllog2log2flog2llogblogbflogbllogflogllrintlrintflrintllroundlroundflroundlMATH_ERREXCEPTmath_errhandlingMATH_ERRNOmodfmodffmodflnanNANnanfnanlnearbyintnearbyintfnearbyintlnextafternextafterfnextafterlnexttowardnexttowardfnexttowardlNumericspowpowfpowlPseudo-random number generationrandRAND_MAXremainderremainderfremainderlremquoremquofremquolrintrintfrintlroundroundfroundlscalblnscalblnfscalblnlscalbnscalbnfscalbnlsignbitsinsinfsinhsinhfsinhlsinlsqrtsqrtfsqrtlsrandtantanftanhtanhftanhltanltgammatgammaftgammaltrunctruncftrunclType-generic math_Complex_I_Imaginary_IProgram supportabortatexitat_quick_exitexitEXIT_FAILUREEXIT_SUCCESSgetenvgetenv_sjmp_buflongjmpProgram support utilitiesquick_exitraisesetjmpSIGABRTSIGFPESIGILLSIGINTsignalSIGSEGVSIGTERMsig_atomic_tSIG_DFLSIG_ERRSIG_IGNsystem_ExitStringsatofatoiatolatollbtowcc16rtombc32rtombchar16_tchar32_tisalnumisalphaisblankiscntrlisdigitisgraphislowerisprintispunctisspaceisupperiswalnumiswalphaiswblankiswcntrliswctypeiswdigitiswgraphiswloweriswprintiswpunctiswspaceiswupperiswxdigitisxdigitmblenmbrlenmbrtoc16mbrtoc32mbrtowcmbsinitmbsrtowcsmbsrtowcs_smbstate_tmbstowcsmbstowcs_smbtowcmemchrmemcmpmemcpymemcpy_smemmovememmove_smemsetmemset_sNull-terminated byte stringsNull-terminated multibyte stringsNull-terminated wide stringsstrcatstrcat_sstrchrstrcmpstrcollstrcpystrcpy_sstrcspnstrerrorstrerrorlen_sstrerror_sStrings librarystrlenstrncatThread supportcall_oncecnd_broadcastcnd_destroycnd_initcnd_signalcnd_timedwaitcnd_waitmtx_destroymtx_initmtx_lockmtx_plainmtx_recursivemtx_timedmtx_timedlockmtx_trylockmtx_unlockonce_flagONCE_FLAG_INITthrd_busythrd_createthrd_currentthrd_detachthrd_equalthrd_errorthrd_exitthrd_jointhrd_nomemthrd_sleepthrd_successthrd_timedoutthrd_yieldThread support librarythread_localtss_createtss_deleteTSS_DTOR_ITERATIONStss_gettss_setType supportBoolean type support libraryFixed width integer typesFLT_EVAL_METHODFLT_ROUNDSmax_align_tNULLNumeric limitsoffsetofptrdiff_tsize_tType supportVariadic functionsVariadic functionsva_argva_copyva_endva_listva_start
文字

错误编号

| Defined in header <errno.h> |

|:----|

| errno | 宏扩展到POSIX兼容的线程局部错误号变量(宏变量)|

| E2BIG,EACCES,...,EXDEV | 用于标准POSIX兼容错误条件(宏常量)|的宏

Assertions

| Defined in header <assert.h> |

|:----|

| assert | 如果用户指定的条件不正确,则中止程序。对于发布版本(函数宏)|可能会被禁用

| static_assert(C11)| 如果常量表达式的值为false(函数宏)|,则会发出编译时诊断

边界检查标准库提供了一些现有函数的边界检查版本(gets_s,fopen_s,printf_s,strcpy_s,wcscpy_s,mbstowcs_s,qsort_s,getenv_s等)。该功能是可选的,并且仅在定义__STDC_LIB_EXT1__时可用。以下宏和函数支持此功能。在头文件中定义<errno.h>在头文件<stdio.h>中定义errno_t(C11)用于int类型的typedef,用于自我文档返回errno值的函数(typedef)定义在头文件<stddef.h> rsize_t C11)与size_t类型相同的typedef,用于在运行时对自己的参数进行范围检查的函数(typedef)在头文件<stdint.h>中定义RSIZE_MAX(C11)边界检查函数的最大可接受大小,

在头文件<errno.h>中定义

在头文件<stdio.h>中定义

errno_t(C11)

用于int类型的typedef,用于自我文档返回errno值的函数(typedef)

在头文件<stddef.h>中定义

rsize_t(C11)

一个与size_t类型相同的typedef,用于在运行时对自己的参数进行范围检查的自我文档函数(typedef)

在头文件<stdint.h>中定义

RSIZE_MAX(C11)

边界检查函数的最大可接受大小,扩展为可能在运行时改变的常量或变量(例如,当前分配的内存大小发生变化)(宏变量)

在头文件<stdlib.h>中定义

set_constraint_handler_s(C11)

为边界检查函数(函数)设置错误回调

abort_handler_s(C11)

取消对边界检查函数的回调(函数)

ignore_handler_s(C11)

忽略边界检查函数的回调(函数)

(自C11以来)

| Defined in header <errno.h> |

| Defined in header <stdio.h> |

| errno_t(C11)| 用于int类型的typedef,用于自我文档返回errno值的函数(typedef)|

| Defined in header <stddef.h> |

| rsize_t(C11)| 与size_t类型相同的typedef,用于在运行时对自己的参数进行范围检查的自我文档函数(typedef)|

| Defined in header <stdint.h> |

| RSIZE_MAX(C11)| 最大可接受的边界检查函数的大小,扩展为可能在运行时改变的常量或变量(例如,当前分配的内存大小发生变化)(宏变量)|

| Defined in header <stdlib.h> |

| set_constraint_handler_s(C11)| 为边界检查函数(函数)|设置错误回调

| abort_handler_s(C11)| 取消对边界检查函数(函数)|的回调

| ignore_handler_s(C11)| 忽略边界检查函数(函数)|的回调

参考

  • C11标准(ISO / IEC 9899:2011):

    • 7.2诊断<assert.h>(p:186-187)

    • 7.5错误<errno.h>(p:205)

    • 7.19通用定义<stddef.h>(p:288)

    • 7.20整型<stdint.h>(p:289-295)

    • 7.21输入/输出<stdio.h>(p:296-339)

    • 7.22常用工具<stdlib.h>(p:340-360)

    • K.3.1.3使用errno(p:584)

    • K.3.2 / 2 errno_t(p:585)

    • K.3.3 / 2 rsize_t(p:585)

    • K.3.4 / 2 RSIZE_MAX(p:585)

    • 7.31.3错误<errno.h>(p:455)

    • 7.31.10整数类型<stdint.h>(p:456)

    • 7.31.11输入/输出<stdio.h>(p:456)

    • 7.31.12通用工具<stdlib.h>(p:456)

  • C99标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1999):

    • 7.2诊断<assert.h>(p:169)

    • 7.5错误<errno.h>(p:186)

    • 7.26.3错误<errno.h>(p:401)

    • 7.26.8整型类型<stdint.h>(p:401)

    • 7.26.9输入/输出<stdio.h>(p:402)

    • 7.26.10通用工具<stdlib.h>(p:402)

  • C89 / C90标准(ISO / IEC 9899:1990):

    • 4.2诊断<assert.h>

    • 4.1.3错误<errno.h>

    • 4.13.1错误<errno.h>

    • 4.13.6输入/输出<stdio.h>

    • 4.13.7通用工具<stdlib.h>

另请参阅

math_errhandlingMATH_ERRNOMATH_ERREXCEPT(C99)(C99)(C99)

定义了常用数学函数(宏常量)使用的错误处理机制,

| C++ documentation for Error handling |

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