1.dict()创建字典
代码如下:
>>> fdict = dict((['x', 1], ['y', 2]))
>>> fdict
{'y': 2, 'x': 1}
2.fromkeys() 来创建一个"默认"字典,字典中元素具有相同的值
代码如下:
>>> ddict = {}.fromkeys(('x', 'y'), -1)
>>> ddict
{'y': -1, 'x': -1}
3.遍历字典
使用keys()遍历
代码如下:
>>> dict2 = {'name': 'earth', 'port': 80}
>>>
>>>> for key in dict2.keys():
... print 'key=%s, value=%s' % (key, dict2[key])
...
key=name, value=earth
key=port, value=80
使用迭代器遍历
代码如下:
>>> dict2 = {'name': 'earth', 'port': 80}
>>>
>>>> for key in dict2:
... print 'key=%s, value=%s' % (key, dict2[key])
...
key=name, value=earth
key=port, value=80
4.获得value值
字典键加上中括号来得到
代码如下:
>>> dict2['name']
'earth'
5.成员操作符:in或not in
判断键是否存在
代码如下:
>>> 'server' in dict2 # 或 dict2.has_key('server')
False
6.更新字典
代码如下:
>>> dict2['name'] = 'venus' # 更新已有条目
>>> dict2['port'] = 6969 # 更新已有条目
>>> dict2['arch'] = 'sunos5'# 增加新条目
7.删除字典
代码如下:
del dict2['name'] #删除键为“name”的条目
dict2.clear() #删除 dict2 中所有的条目
del dict2 #删除整个 dict2 字典
dict2.pop('name') #删除并返回键为“name”的条目
8.values()返回值列表
代码如下:
>>>
>>> dict2.values()
[80, 'earth']
9.items()返回(键,值)元组列表
代码如下:
>>> dict2.items()
[('port', 80), ('name', 'earth')]

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