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HomeBackend DevelopmentPython TutorialPython字典操作简明总结

1.dict()创建字典

代码如下:


>>> fdict = dict((['x', 1], ['y', 2]))
>>> fdict
{'y': 2, 'x': 1}


2.fromkeys() 来创建一个"默认"字典,字典中元素具有相同的值

代码如下:


>>> ddict = {}.fromkeys(('x', 'y'), -1)
>>> ddict
{'y': -1, 'x': -1}


3.遍历字典
使用keys()遍历

代码如下:


>>> dict2 = {'name': 'earth', 'port': 80}
>>>
>>>> for key in dict2.keys():
... print 'key=%s, value=%s' % (key, dict2[key])
...
key=name, value=earth
key=port, value=80


使用迭代器遍历

代码如下:


>>> dict2 = {'name': 'earth', 'port': 80}
>>>
>>>> for key in dict2:
... print 'key=%s, value=%s' % (key, dict2[key])
...
key=name, value=earth
key=port, value=80


4.获得value值

字典键加上中括号来得到

代码如下:


>>> dict2['name']
'earth'


5.成员操作符:in或not in
判断键是否存在

代码如下:


>>> 'server' in dict2 # 或 dict2.has_key('server')
False


6.更新字典

代码如下:


>>> dict2['name'] = 'venus' # 更新已有条目
>>> dict2['port'] = 6969 # 更新已有条目
>>> dict2['arch'] = 'sunos5'# 增加新条目


7.删除字典

代码如下:


del dict2['name']    ​#删除键为“name”的条目
dict2.clear()    ​#删除 dict2 中所有的条目
del dict2     ​#删除整个 dict2 字典
dict2.pop('name')    ​#删除并返回键为“name”的条目


8.values()返回值列表 

代码如下:


>>>
>>> dict2.values()
[80, 'earth']


9.items()返回(键,值)元组列表 

代码如下:


>>> dict2.items()
[('port', 80), ('name', 'earth')]

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