In Python, you can use the subprocess module to open an external shell: 1. Import the subprocess module 2. Create a Process object 3. Read the output 4. Get the exit code.
How to open Shell in Python
In Python, you can use the subprocess
module Open an external shell. The following are detailed steps:
1. Import subprocess module
import subprocess
2. Create Process object
Create subprocess.Popen
object, specifying the shell command and parameters to be started.
# 打开 bash shell process = subprocess.Popen(['bash'], shell=True) # 打开 cmd shell(Windows) process = subprocess.Popen(['cmd'], shell=True)
3. Read the output
Use the communicate()
method to read the output of the shell command.
# 读取标准输出和标准错误输出 output, error = process.communicate()
4. Get the exit code
Use the returncode
attribute to get the exit code of the shell command.
# 获取退出代码,0 表示成功 exit_code = process.returncode
Example:
import subprocess # 打开 bash shell 并执行 ls 命令 process = subprocess.Popen(['bash', '-c', 'ls'], shell=True) # 读取输出 output, error = process.communicate() # 打印输出 print(output.decode('utf-8')) # 获取退出代码 exit_code = process.returncode
Note:
-
shell=True
Parameters allowed Starts in shell mode, enabling the shell to interpret special characters in commands, such as pipes and redirections. - You can also specify standard input, output, and error output using the
stdin
,stdout
, andstderr
parameters.
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