search
HomeBackend DevelopmentPython TutorialAn article to help you understand the basics of Python and data types

1. Base system

1. What is base system?

The base system is also the carry counting system, which is an artificially defined counting method with carry (there are counting methods without carry, such as the original knot counting method, when counting votes Commonly used "positive" word counting, and similar tally mark counting). For any base system - the X base system, it means that the number operation at each position is carried out by one digit every time X is reached. The decimal system carries one after every tenth, the hexadecimal system carries forward every sixteenth, the binary system carries through every two, and so on, the x-based system carries forward every x. (From Baidu)

Popular explanation, the so-called base system is a method of counting. The base system means that when the base system is satisfied, one digit will be advanced to the high order. .

2. Base conversion

In Python, you can use the built-in function int() function to convert binary to decimal; the int() function can convert Convert a numeric string or decimal number in a specified base into an integer.

Syntax:

int(object,base)

Return value: Return the integer type data.

Convert binary number to decimal number

test = ['111011011111', '0b110']
for number in test:


    print(int(number, 2))

Run result:

An article to help you understand the basics of Python and data types

将八进制数转化为十进制数。

test = ['-1537202', '125']


for number in test:
    print(int(number, 8))

运行 结果 :

An article to help you understand the basics of Python and data types


二、数值类型

1. 布尔型

布尔型其实是整型的子类型,布尔型数据只有两个取值:True和False,分别对应整型的1和0。

每一个Python对象都天生具有布尔值(True或False),进而可用于布尔测试(如用在if、while中)。

以下对象的布尔值都是False:

##(Boolean)00L0.0##[](empty list)##()##{}
Return value ##Type
##False
##(integer 0)
##(long integer 0)
(Floating point type 0)
##0.0 0.0j (plural 0)
##"" (empty string)
(empty tuple)
(empty dictionary)
  • 用户自定义的 类实例,该类定义了方法 nonzero() 或 len(),并且这些方法返回0或False。

    除上述对象之外的所有其他对象的布尔值都为True。

# 1. Python对象的布尔值
>>> bool(None)
False
>>> bool(False), bool(0), bool(0L), bool(0.0), bool(0.0+0.0j)
(False, False, False, False, False)
>>> bool(''), bool([]), bool(()), bool({})
(False, False, False, False)


# 2. 数值运算中,布尔值True和False分别对应整型的1和0
>>> int(True), int(2 < 1)
(1, 0)
>>> False + 100
100  #输出结果
>>> True + 100
101  #输出结果

2. 整型

整型等价于C语言中的有符号长整型(long),与系统的最大整型一致(如32位机器上的整型是32位,64位机器上的整型是64位),可以表示的范围有限。整型字面值的表示方法有3种:十进制(常用)、二进制(以“0b”开头)、八进制(以数字“0”开头)和十六进制(以“0x”或“0X”开头)。

>>> a = 0b10100 
>>> type(a)
int   #输出结果
>>> a
20  #输出结果
>>> bin(20), oct(20), hex(20)
(&#39;0b10100&#39;, &#39;024&#39;, &#39;0x14&#39;)  # 输出结果

3. 长整型

长整型是整型的超集,可以表示无限大的整数。长整型字面值的后面带有字母“L”或“l”(使用大写的“L”)。

>>> a = 999 ** 8  # 整型自动转换为长整型
>>> a
8920457944069944027201L
>>> type(a)
long

4. 浮点型

浮点型类似于C中的双精度浮点型(double)。浮点型字面值可以用十进制或科学计数法表示,在科学计数法中,e或E代表10,+(可以省略)或 - 表示指数的正负。

>>> type(1)
int   #输出结果
>>> type(1.0)
float  #输出结果
>>> 1 + 1.0
2.0  #输出结果
>>> a = 1e-2
>>> a  #输出结果
0.01
>>> type(a)
float   #输出结果
>>> pi = 3.1415926
>>> round(pi)
3.0  #输出结果
>>> round(pi, 4)
3.1416  #输出结果

5. 复数

复数与数学中的复数概念完全相同。Python中的复数有以下几个特性:

  • 复数由实数部分和虚数部分构成,表示为:real+imagj 或 real+imagJ。

  • 复数的实部real和虚部imag都是浮点型。

>>> a = 1+2j
>>> a  
(1+2j)  #输出结果
>>> a.real # 实部
1.0     #输出结果
>>> type(a.real)
float   #输出结果
>>> a.imag # 虚部
2.0     #输出结果
>>> type(a.imag)
float   #输出结果

三、总结

本文基于Python基础,主要讲解了进制和数值类型。通过一个个小项目详细的讲解和图片的效果展示,以期让读者更好的了解Python中进制转换和数值类型,希望能够帮助大家更好的学习。

The above is the detailed content of An article to help you understand the basics of Python and data types. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement
This article is reproduced at:Go语言进阶学习. If there is any infringement, please contact admin@php.cn delete
Python: Exploring Its Primary ApplicationsPython: Exploring Its Primary ApplicationsApr 10, 2025 am 09:41 AM

Python is widely used in the fields of web development, data science, machine learning, automation and scripting. 1) In web development, Django and Flask frameworks simplify the development process. 2) In the fields of data science and machine learning, NumPy, Pandas, Scikit-learn and TensorFlow libraries provide strong support. 3) In terms of automation and scripting, Python is suitable for tasks such as automated testing and system management.

How Much Python Can You Learn in 2 Hours?How Much Python Can You Learn in 2 Hours?Apr 09, 2025 pm 04:33 PM

You can learn the basics of Python within two hours. 1. Learn variables and data types, 2. Master control structures such as if statements and loops, 3. Understand the definition and use of functions. These will help you start writing simple Python programs.

How to teach computer novice programming basics in project and problem-driven methods within 10 hours?How to teach computer novice programming basics in project and problem-driven methods within 10 hours?Apr 02, 2025 am 07:18 AM

How to teach computer novice programming basics within 10 hours? If you only have 10 hours to teach computer novice some programming knowledge, what would you choose to teach...

How to avoid being detected by the browser when using Fiddler Everywhere for man-in-the-middle reading?How to avoid being detected by the browser when using Fiddler Everywhere for man-in-the-middle reading?Apr 02, 2025 am 07:15 AM

How to avoid being detected when using FiddlerEverywhere for man-in-the-middle readings When you use FiddlerEverywhere...

What should I do if the '__builtin__' module is not found when loading the Pickle file in Python 3.6?What should I do if the '__builtin__' module is not found when loading the Pickle file in Python 3.6?Apr 02, 2025 am 07:12 AM

Error loading Pickle file in Python 3.6 environment: ModuleNotFoundError:Nomodulenamed...

How to improve the accuracy of jieba word segmentation in scenic spot comment analysis?How to improve the accuracy of jieba word segmentation in scenic spot comment analysis?Apr 02, 2025 am 07:09 AM

How to solve the problem of Jieba word segmentation in scenic spot comment analysis? When we are conducting scenic spot comments and analysis, we often use the jieba word segmentation tool to process the text...

How to use regular expression to match the first closed tag and stop?How to use regular expression to match the first closed tag and stop?Apr 02, 2025 am 07:06 AM

How to use regular expression to match the first closed tag and stop? When dealing with HTML or other markup languages, regular expressions are often required to...

How to get news data bypassing Investing.com's anti-crawler mechanism?How to get news data bypassing Investing.com's anti-crawler mechanism?Apr 02, 2025 am 07:03 AM

Understanding the anti-crawling strategy of Investing.com Many people often try to crawl news data from Investing.com (https://cn.investing.com/news/latest-news)...

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
WWE 2K25: How To Unlock Everything In MyRise
3 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

VSCode Windows 64-bit Download

VSCode Windows 64-bit Download

A free and powerful IDE editor launched by Microsoft

mPDF

mPDF

mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment