We must have heard someone say before that python’s execution speed is slower than other languages.
The reasons why python runs slowly:
1, Python is a dynamic language, not a static language
This means that when the python program is executed, the compiler does not know the variables type. Figure 1. Shows the difference between variables in C language and variables in python. In C, the compiler knows the type of a variable when it is defined, but in python it only knows that it is an object when executed.
2, Python is an interpreted language rather than a compiled language
The differences between interpreted languages and compiled languages will also cause differences in the speed of program execution. . An intelligent compiler can predict and optimize for repetitive and unnecessary operations. This will also increase the speed of program execution.
3. Python’s object model will lead to inefficient memory access
In the above example, there is an extra layer of type information when operating on integers in Python compared to the C language. When there are a lot of integers and you want to perform some kind of batch operation, a list is often used in python, and a buffer-based array is used in C.
4、Why do we still use python
Since using python to process data is so inefficient, why do we still use python? Mainly because python is a dynamic language, it is easier to use than C, and its usage is more flexible and compatible, which can greatly save development time. Moreover, python is open source, cross-platform, and highly portable. In those situations where C or Fortran is really needed for optimization, python has powerful API or libraries to support it. This is why the use of Python has been growing in many scientific communities. So, Python ends up being an extremely effective language for the overall task of doing scientific research using code.
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