


前面给大家讲解了PHP控制循环语句,知道了,当我们的程序块满足一定的条件后才会跳出循环,而跳出循环则是使用我们的break或者continue关键字。本章,将会先给大家讲解“break”跳出循环。
在前面的讲解PHP循环控制语句“while”循环的时候,就已经提到过我们的break了,break关键字可以终止我们当前的循环,包括while,do...while,for,foreach和switch在内的所有控制语句。下面,我们先看一个实例。
break跳出循环实例
本实例将使用一个while循环,while后面的条件表达式的值为true,是一个无限循环。在while程序块中将声明一个随机变量$tmp,只有当生成的随机数等于10时,会使用break语句跳出循环,实现代码如下:
<?php header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8"); //设置编码 while(true){ //使用while循环 $tmp=rand(1,20); //说明一个随机变量$tmp echo $tmp." "; //输出生成的随机数 if($tmp==10){ //判断生成的随机数是否等于10 echo "<p>变量\$tmp等于10,跳出循环</p>"; break; //如果等于10,使用break语句跳出循环 } } ?>
代码运行结果如下图:
我们的break语句不仅可以跳出当前的循环,还可以指定跳出几层循环,格式如下:
break $num
参数$num 是指定要跳出几层循环,下面会有例子来说明。
看一下break关键字的流程控制图:
指定跳出循环层实例
本实例共有三个循环层,最外层的while循环和中间的for循环是无线循环,最里面有两个并列的for循环:程序首先会先执行第一个for循环,当变量$i等于7时,跳出当前循环(一重循环),继续执行第二个for循环,当第二个for循环中的变量$j等于15时,会直接跳出最外层循环,代码如下:
<?php header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8"); //设置编码 while(true){ for(;;){ for($i=0;$i<=10;$i++){ echo $i." "; if($i==7){ echo "<p>变量\$i等于7,跳出一层循环</p>"; break 1 ; } } for($j=0;$j<=20;$j++){ echo $j." "; if($j==15){ echo "<p>变量\$j等于15,跳出最外层循环</p>"; break 3; } } } echo "不会执行这句话"; } ?>
代码运行结果如下图:
以上就是使用break跳出循环的简单实例,下一节,就会给大家讲解“continue”跳出循环。
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