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HomeBackend DevelopmentPython Tutorialpython3 file operation example code

This article mainly introduces the operation example code of python3 files in detail, which has certain reference value. Interested friends can refer to it

# Auther: Aaron Fan

'''
打开文件的模式有三种:
r,只读模式(默认)。
w,只写模式。【不可读;不存在则创建;存在则删除内容;因为会清空原有文件的内容,一定要慎用】
a,追加模式。【可读;   不存在则创建;存在则只追加内容;】
注意最后要记得关闭文件:f.close()
python只能将字符串写入到文本文件。要将数值数据存储到文本本件中,必须先试用函数str()将其转换为字符串格式。
#r模式(只读模式)
f = open('yesterday',encoding='utf-8')
data = f.read()
f.close()
print(data)
#只读文件的前5行:
f = open('yesterday','r',encoding='utf-8')
for i in range(5):
   print(f.readline())
#以列表的方式读取这个文件
f = open('yesterday','r',encoding='utf-8')
for line in f.readlines():
   print(line)
#对文件的第3行,做一个特殊的打印(这种方式比较低效,因为它会先把文件全部读取到内存中,文件较大时会很影响性能)
f = open('yesterday','r',encoding='utf-8')
for index,line in enumerate(f.readlines()):
   if index == 2:
       print('-----测试线----',line)
       continue
   print(line)
#比较高效的,逐行读取文件内容,因为它是一行一行的去读取文件,不会先把文件一次性全部读取到内存中
f = open('yesterday','r',encoding='utf-8')
for line in f:
   print(line)
#比较高效的,对文件的3三行进行过特殊打印
f = open('yesterday','r',encoding='utf-8')
count = 0
for line in f:
   if count == 2:
       print('------测试线----:',line)
   count += 1
   print(line)

#w模式(如果没有就创建文件,如果有就清空文件,一定要慎用)
f = open('yesterday','w',encoding='utf-8')
f.write("这就是一行测试\n")
f.write("测试2\n")
f.write("测试3")

#a模式(追加模式,如果没有就创建文件,如果有就把内容追加进去)
f = open('yesterday','a',encoding='utf-8')
f.write("test1\n")

#文件光标的操作
f = open('yesterday','r',encoding='utf-8')
#获得文件的光标
print(f.tell())
print(f.readline())
print(f.tell())
#回到最开始的位置(也可以指定一个位置,前提是你得知道你去往的字符具体在哪个位置才行)
f.seek(0)

#显示文件的编码
print(f.encoding)
#显示文件句柄的编号(我并不确定这个说法是否正确,用到时请仔细去查一下)
print(f.fileno())
#测试是否是一个终端设备文件
print(f.isatty())
#把缓存的内容刷新到硬盘(进度条那个脚本里有写一个示例)
f.flush()
#指定文件从哪里开始截断,如果没有参数,默认从0开始等于清空了这个文件
#f.truncate()

#r+ 模式(读,追加模式)
f = open('yesterday','r+',encoding='utf-8')
data = f.read()
print(data)
f.write("test...\n")

#还有 w+写读模式, a+追加读模式,这一般不用,真用到了再去了解下吧
#rb 模式,以二进制的方式读取这个文件
#wb 模式,二进制写
'''

'''
#with语句(很实用,记得要经常用哟~,在《Python编程从入门到实战》那本书里的文件与异常那一章有详细用法)
#为了避免打开文件后忘记关闭,可以通过管理上下文,即:
with open('log','r') as f:

   ...
#如此方式,当with代码块执行完毕时,内部会自动关闭并释放文件资源。
#在Python 2.7 后,with又支持同时对多个文件的上下文进行管理,即:
with open('log1') as obj1, open('log2') as obj2:
   pass
'''

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