nginx study notes 1 Use nginx to build a simple HTTP server
nginx, as a lightweight http server, can handle high concurrent http requests well. At the same time, it can also be configured as an http proxy server. As a newbie in backend development, with such an excellent open source server in front of me, I have to do some research and learn something to be reliable!
Of course, the first step in learning nginx is to learn how to use it.
1 Install nginx
First, download the source code from the official website http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz, unzip it and enter the nginx-1.8.0 directory.
nginx relies on the pcre library, so you also need to download the pcre source code.
Extract the pcre source code to nginx-1.8.0/3rdparty/pcre-8.32, and then execute
<code>./configure --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=./3rdparty/pcre-8.32/ ./make ./sudo make install </code>
in the root directory to complete the installation. The default installation directory is /usr/local/nginx.
During the installation process, you may be prompted that the openssl library is missing. You can directly apt-get install.
2 Configure nginx
Before using nginx, first create an nginx directory under /home/bookxiao/ to store resource files, and then create soft connections to conf, sbin and logs under /usr/local/nginx to avoid Switch directories frequently.
<code>bookxiao<span>@ubuntuforfun</span><span>:~/nginx</span><span>$ </span>ls bin conf data logs</code>
nginx’s configuration file is located under conf/ and is named nginx.conf. The basic unit that makes up the configuration file is a piece of "directives". The instructions consist of three parts: name, parameter attributes, and the ':' at the end. In addition, some instructions will be surrounded by { } to form a block; if the block contains some instructions, then the block is also called a "context".
All instructions in the configuration file are either within a certain context or not included in any context (that is, located in the main context), which is somewhat similar to global variables in C.
For example, a simple configuration file looks like this:
<code>bookxiao<span>@ubuntuforfun</span><span>:~/nginx/conf</span><span>$ </span>cat nginx.conf <span>#user nobody;</span> worker_processes <span>1</span>; events { worker_connections <span>1024</span>; } http { server { listen <span>80</span>; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } location /images { root /home/bookxiao/nginx/data; } } }</code>
event, http, server are all "context"; the instruction "worker_processes 1;" is located in the main context.
To simply test the functionality of nginx, first take a look at how to configure the server{} block. In nginx, each server block represents an HTTP service, and different servers have different ports and server_names.
Suppose we now have an image, and the storage path is ~/nginx/data/images/nginx study notes 1 Use nginx to build a simple HTTP server.jpg.
Now we want to enter http://127.0.0.1/images/nginx study notes 1 Use nginx to build a simple HTTP server.jpg
in the browser, it will look like this:
Look carefully at the configuration file above and see that there is a location The block is defined like this:
<code> location /images { root /home/bookxiao/nginx/<span><span>data</span>;</span> }</code>
The "/images" followed by locations is used to prefix match the client's URL request. If it matches, then the root value is added to the front end of the URL to form a new URL to go to the file. The system looks for resource files.
For example, the original URL here is "/images/nginx study notes 1 Use nginx to build a simple HTTP server.jpg", then the final URL is "/home/bookxiao/nginx/data/images/nginx study notes 1 Use nginx to build a simple HTTP server.jpg".
What if there are multiple locations matching a certain URL? The strategy of nginx is to select the location with the longest matching value.
So, we can add such a server:
<code> server { listen <span>9999</span>; server_name localhost_test; location /images { root /home/bookxiao/nginx/<span><span>data</span>/test;</span> } }</code>
and then execute sudo nginx -s reload
to reload the configuration file. Then we create a new test/images/ directory under data/. In this way, we enter http://127.0.0.1:9999/images/nginx study notes 1 Use nginx to build a simple HTTP server.img
in the browser. Then we will see:
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The above introduces nginx study notes 1. Use nginx to build a simple HTTP server, including the content. I hope it will be helpful to friends who are interested in PHP tutorials.

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