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php面向对象中static静态属性和静态方法的调用_php技巧

May 16, 2016 pm 08:23 PM
phpstatictransferstatic propertiesstatic methodobject-oriented

本文实例讲述了php中static静态属性和静态方法的调用。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下:

这里分析了php面向对象中static静态属性和静态方法的调用。关于它们的调用(能不能调用,怎么样调用),需要弄明白了他们在内存中存放位置,这样就非常容易理解了。静态属性、方法(包括静态与非静态)在内存中,只有一个位置(而非静态属性,有多少实例化对象,就有多少个属性)。

实例:

<&#63;php
header("content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");
class Human{
 static public $name = "小妹";
 public $height = 180;
 static public function tell(){
 echo self::$name;//静态方法调用静态属性,使用self关键词
 //echo $this->height;//错。静态方法不能调用非静态属性
//因为 $this代表实例化对象,而这里是类,不知道 $this 代表哪个对象
 }
 public function say(){
 echo self::$name . "我说话了";
 //普通方法调用静态属性,同样使用self关键词
 echo $this->height;
 }
}
$p1 = new Human();
$p1->say(); 
$p1->tell();//对象可以访问静态方法
echo $p1::$name;//对象访问静态属性。不能这么访问$p1->name
//因为静态属性的内存位置不在对象里
Human::say();//错。say()方法有$this时出错;没有$this时能出结果
//但php5.4以上会提示
&#63;>

结论:

(1)、静态属性不需要实例化即可调用。因为静态属性存放的位置是在类里,调用方法为"类名::属性名";
(2)、静态方法不需要实例化即可调用。同上
(3)、静态方法不能调用非静态属性。因为非静态属性需要实例化后,存放在对象里;
(4)、静态方法可以调用非静态方法,使用 self 关键词。php里,一个方法被self:: 后,它就自动转变为静态方法;

希望本文所述对大家的php程序设计有所帮助。

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