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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialMac系统下使用brew搭建PHP(LNMP/LAMP)开发环境_php技巧

Mac下搭建lamp开发环境很容易,有xampp和mamp现成的集成环境。但是集成环境对于经常需要自定义一些配置的开发者来说会非常麻烦,而且Mac本身自带apache和php,在brew的帮助下非常容易手动搭建,可控性很高。

Brew

brew对于mac,就像apt-get对于ubuntu,安装软件的好帮手,不能方便更多…

brew的安装方式如下:

复制代码 代码如下:

ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/mxcl/homebrew/go/install)"

brew常用选项

复制代码 代码如下:

brew install xxx
brew uninstall xxx
brew list
brew update xxx

Apache || Nginx

Apache

Apache的话使用mac自带的基本就够了,我的系统是10.9,可以使用以下命令控制Apache

复制代码 代码如下:

sudo apachectl start
sudo apachectl restart
sudo apachectl stop

唯一要改的是主目录,mac默认在home下有个sites(站点)目录,访问路径是

复制代码 代码如下:

http://localhost/~user_name

这样很不适合做开发用,修改/etc/apache2/httpd.conf内容

复制代码 代码如下:

DocumentRoot "/Users/username/Sites"

    Options Indexes MultiViews
    AllowOverride All
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all

这样sites目录就是网站根目录了,代码都往这个下头丢

Nginx

要使用Nginx也比较方便,首先安装

复制代码 代码如下:

brew install nginx

启动关闭Nginx的命令如下(如果想要监听80端口,必须以管理员身份运行)

复制代码 代码如下:

#打开 nginx
sudo nginx
#重新加载配置|重启|停止|退出 nginx
nginx -s reload|reopen|stop|quit
#测试配置是否有语法错误
nginx -t

配置Nginx

复制代码 代码如下:

cd /usr/local/etc/nginx/
mkdir conf.d

修改Nginx配置文件

复制代码 代码如下:

vim nginx.conf

主要修改位置是最后的include

复制代码 代码如下:

worker_processes  1; 
 
error_log       /usr/local/var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
 
pid        /usr/local/var/run/nginx.pid;
 
events {
    worker_connections  256;
}
 
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
 
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
 
    access_log      /usr/local/var/log/nginx/access.log main;
    port_in_redirect off;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
 
    include /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

修改自定义文件

复制代码 代码如下:

vim ./conf.d/default.conf

增加一个监听端口

复制代码 代码如下:

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;
 
    root /Users/username/Sites/; # 该项要修改为你准备存放相关网页的路径
 
    location / {
        index index.php;
        autoindex on;
    }  
 
    #proxy the php scripts to php-fpm 
    location ~ \.php$ {
        include /usr/local/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf;
        fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    }  
 
}

这个时候还不能访问php站点,因为还没有开启php-fpm。

虽然mac 10.9自带了php-fpm,但是由于我们使用了最新的PHP,PHP中自带php-fpm,所以使用PHP中的php-fpm可以保证版本的一致。

这里的命令在安装完下一步的php后再执行

复制代码 代码如下:

sudo nginx
sudo php-fpm -D

PHP

PHP在mac下默认安装了,但是不好控制版本,利用brew可以再mac下安装最新版本,甚至是多个版本,我装了php5.5

复制代码 代码如下:

brew update
brew tap homebrew/dupes
brew tap josegonzalez/homebrew-php
# brew install php55 --with-fpm #Nginx
brew install php55 #Apache

然后修改php的cli路径和apache使用的php模块。在.bashrc或.zshrc里头加以下内容
复制代码 代码如下:

#export PATH="$(brew --prefix josegonzalez/php/php55)/bin:$PATH"
export PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:$PATH"

就用刚刚安装的php代替了系统默认cli的php版本。然后在/etc/apache2/httpd.conf下增加
复制代码 代码如下:

LoadModule php5_module /usr/local/Cellar/php55/5.5.8/libexec/apache2/libphp5.so

这样就对apache使用的php版本也进行了修改。

后面会用到mongo和mysql,所以可以直接利用下面命令安装php模块,其他模块也类似

复制代码 代码如下:

brew install php55-mysql
brew install php55-mongo

MySQL

mac不自带mysql,这里需要重新安装,方法依然很简单

复制代码 代码如下:

brew install mysql
unset TMPDIR
mysql_install_db --verbose --user=`whoami` --basedir="$(brew --prefix mysql)" --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql --tmpdir=/tmp
sudo chown -R your_user /usr/local/var/mysql/

第一句是安装,后面的是确保正常使用。然后是启动命令

复制代码 代码如下:

mysql.server start

最好给mysql设个密码,方法如下
复制代码 代码如下:

mysqladmin -u root password 'xxx'

如果想修改mysql的配置,在/usr/local/etc下建立一个my.cnf,例如增加log
复制代码 代码如下:

[mysqld]
general-log
general_log_file = /usr/local/var/log/mysqld.log

MongoDB

MongoDB可以说是最简单的一个,直接执行

复制代码 代码如下:

brew install mongodb

启动方法

复制代码 代码如下:

mongod --fork

PHPMyAdmin

phpmyadmin几乎是管理mysql最容易的web应用了吧,每次我都顺道装上。

1.去官网下载最新的版本
2.解压到~/Sites/phpmyadmin下
3.在phpmyadmin目录下创建一个可写的config目录
4.打开http://localhost/phpmyadmin/setup,安装一个服务,最后保存(这里只需要输入帐号密码就够了)
5.将config下生成的config.inc.php移到phpmyadmin根目录下
6.删除config

这样就装好了,虽然可能有点小复杂,但是来一次就习惯了。

这里很可能会遇到2002错误,就是找不到mysql.sock的问题,用下面方法解决

复制代码 代码如下:

sudo mkdir /var/mysql
sudo ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock /var/mysql/mysql.sock

RockMongo

RockMongo是MongoDB很好用的一个web应用,安装也很容易

1.去官网下载最新版本
2.解压到~/Sites/rockmongo下
3.运行http://localhost/rockmongo即可

完成

这样就在mac下配置好一个php开发环境了,enjoy it!

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