Introduction to Sphinx_PHP Tutorial
What is full-text search?
Full-text retrieval refers to an information retrieval technology that uses all text information of a document as the retrieval object. The search object may be the title of the article, the author of the article, or the abstract or content of the article.
What is Sphinx?
Sphinx is a SQL-based full-text search engine that can be combined with MySQL and PostgreSQL for full-text search. It can provide more professional search functions than the database itself, making it easier for applications to implement professional full-text search. Sphinx specially designs search API interfaces for some scripting languages, such as PHP, Python, Perl, Ruby, etc., and also designs a storage engine plug-in for MySQL.
Sphinx single index can contain up to 100 million records, and the query speed for 10 million records is 0.x second (millisecond level). The speed of index creation by Sphinx is: it only takes 3 to 4 minutes to create an index of 1 million records, and it can be completed in 50 minutes to create an index of 10 million records. An incremental index containing only the latest 100,000 records needs to be rebuilt once. It only takes tens of seconds.
Let’s take a look at a more common php + mysql + Introduction to Sphinx_PHP Tutorial search engine architecture diagram:
What features does Sphinx have?
High-speed indexing (nearly 10 MB/sec on newer CPUs);
High-speed search (average query speed is less than 0.1 seconds for 2-4G text volume);
High availability (single CPU can support up to 100 GB of text and 100M documents);
Provides good relevance ranking
Support distributed search;
Provide document summary generation;
Provides search from plug-in storage engine within MySQL
supports boolean, phrase, and word proximity queries;
Support multiple full-text search fields per document (default maximum 32);
Support multiple attributes per document;
Support word segmentation;
Support single-byte encoding and UTF-8 encoding;
supports English stemming, Russian stemming, and Soundex for morphology;
Support MySQ (both MyISAM and InnoDB tables are supported);
Support PostgreSQL.
For more detailed tutorials, please refer to: php official Introduction to Sphinx_PHP Tutorial documentation
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Reasons for PHPSession failure include configuration errors, cookie issues, and session expiration. 1. Configuration error: Check and set the correct session.save_path. 2.Cookie problem: Make sure the cookie is set correctly. 3.Session expires: Adjust session.gc_maxlifetime value to extend session time.

Methods to debug session problems in PHP include: 1. Check whether the session is started correctly; 2. Verify the delivery of the session ID; 3. Check the storage and reading of session data; 4. Check the server configuration. By outputting session ID and data, viewing session file content, etc., you can effectively diagnose and solve session-related problems.

Multiple calls to session_start() will result in warning messages and possible data overwrites. 1) PHP will issue a warning, prompting that the session has been started. 2) It may cause unexpected overwriting of session data. 3) Use session_status() to check the session status to avoid repeated calls.

Configuring the session lifecycle in PHP can be achieved by setting session.gc_maxlifetime and session.cookie_lifetime. 1) session.gc_maxlifetime controls the survival time of server-side session data, 2) session.cookie_lifetime controls the life cycle of client cookies. When set to 0, the cookie expires when the browser is closed.

The main advantages of using database storage sessions include persistence, scalability, and security. 1. Persistence: Even if the server restarts, the session data can remain unchanged. 2. Scalability: Applicable to distributed systems, ensuring that session data is synchronized between multiple servers. 3. Security: The database provides encrypted storage to protect sensitive information.

Implementing custom session processing in PHP can be done by implementing the SessionHandlerInterface interface. The specific steps include: 1) Creating a class that implements SessionHandlerInterface, such as CustomSessionHandler; 2) Rewriting methods in the interface (such as open, close, read, write, destroy, gc) to define the life cycle and storage method of session data; 3) Register a custom session processor in a PHP script and start the session. This allows data to be stored in media such as MySQL and Redis to improve performance, security and scalability.

SessionID is a mechanism used in web applications to track user session status. 1. It is a randomly generated string used to maintain user's identity information during multiple interactions between the user and the server. 2. The server generates and sends it to the client through cookies or URL parameters to help identify and associate these requests in multiple requests of the user. 3. Generation usually uses random algorithms to ensure uniqueness and unpredictability. 4. In actual development, in-memory databases such as Redis can be used to store session data to improve performance and security.

Managing sessions in stateless environments such as APIs can be achieved by using JWT or cookies. 1. JWT is suitable for statelessness and scalability, but it is large in size when it comes to big data. 2.Cookies are more traditional and easy to implement, but they need to be configured with caution to ensure security.


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