在我们平时写代码的时候没有没有掌握一些CSS技巧呢? 今天给大家分享一个《CSS 高级技巧汇总让你的代码简洁高效》。大家务必掌握这些小技巧,会让你非常高效率的写出网页的。
◆使用 :not() 在菜单上应用/取消应用边框
先给每一个菜单项添加边框
/* add border */.nav li { border-right: 1px solid #666;}
……然后再除去最后一个元素……
//* remove border */.nav li:last-child { border-right: none;}
……可以直接使用 :not() 伪类来应用元素:
.nav li:not(:last-child) { border-right: 1px solid #666;}
这样代码就干净,易读,易于理解了。
当然,如果你的新元素有兄弟元素的话,也可以使用通用的兄弟选择符(~):
..nav li:first-child ~ li { border-left: 1px solid #666;}
◆给 body添加行高
你不需要分别添加 line-height 到每个
,
body { line-height: 1;}
这样文本元素就可以很容易地从 body 继承。
◆所有一切都垂直居中
要将所有元素垂直居中,太简单了:
html, body { height: 100%; margin: 0;}body { -webkit-align-items: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; display: -webkit-flex; display: flex;}
看,是不是很简单。
注:在IE11中要小心flexbox。
◆逗号分隔的列表
让HTML列表项看上去像一个真正的,用逗号分隔的列表:
ul > li:not(:last-child)::after { content: ",";}
对最后一个列表项使用 :not() 伪类。
◆使用负的 nth-child 选择项目
在CSS中使用负的 nth-child 选择项目1到项目n。
li { display: none;}/* select items 1 through 3 and display them */li:nth-child(-n+3) { display: block;}
就是这么容易。
◆对图标使用SVG
我们没有理由不对图标使用SVG:
.logo { background: url("logo.svg");}
SVG对所有的分辨率类型都具有良好的扩展性,并支持所有浏览器都回归到IE9。这样可以避开.png、.jpg或.gif文件了。
◆优化显示文本
有时,字体并不能在所有设备上都达到最佳的显示,所以可以让设备浏览器来帮助你:
html { -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;}
注:请负责任地使用 optimizeLegibility。此外,IE /Edge没有 text-rendering 支持。
◆对纯CSS滑块使用 max-height
使用 max-height 和溢出隐藏来实现只有CSS的滑块:
.slider ul { max-height: 0; overlow: hidden;}.slider:hover ul { max-height: 1000px; transition: .3s ease;}
◆继承 box-sizing
让 box-sizing 继承 html:
html { box-sizing: border-box;}*, *:before, *:after { box-sizing: inherit;}
这样在插件或杠杆其他行为的其他组件中就能更容易地改变 box-sizing 了。
◆表格单元格等宽
表格工作起来很麻烦,所以务必尽量使用 table-layout: fixed 来保持单元格的等宽:
.calendar { table-layout: fixed;}
◆用Flexbox摆脱外边距的各种hack
当需要用到列分隔符时,通过flexbox的 space-between 属性,你就可以摆脱nth-,first-,和 last-child 的hack了:
.list { display: flex; justify-content: space-between;}.list .person { flex-basis: 23%;}
现在,列表分隔符就会在均匀间隔的位置出现。
◆使用属性选择器用于空链接
当 元素没有文本值,但 href 属性有链接的时候显示链接:
a[href^="http"]:empty::before { content: attr(href);}
相当方便。
◆支持这些高级技巧在Chrome、Firefox、Safari、Edge的当前版本,以及IE11中都能有效工作。

Boolean attributes are special attributes in HTML that are activated without a value. 1. The Boolean attribute controls the behavior of the element by whether it exists or not, such as disabled disable the input box. 2.Their working principle is to change element behavior according to the existence of attributes when the browser parses. 3. The basic usage is to directly add attributes, and the advanced usage can be dynamically controlled through JavaScript. 4. Common mistakes are mistakenly thinking that values need to be set, and the correct writing method should be concise. 5. The best practice is to keep the code concise and use Boolean properties reasonably to optimize web page performance and user experience.

HTML code can be cleaner with online validators, integrated tools and automated processes. 1) Use W3CMarkupValidationService to verify HTML code online. 2) Install and configure HTMLHint extension in VisualStudioCode for real-time verification. 3) Use HTMLTidy to automatically verify and clean HTML files in the construction process.

HTML, CSS and JavaScript are the core technologies for building modern web pages: 1. HTML defines the web page structure, 2. CSS is responsible for the appearance of the web page, 3. JavaScript provides web page dynamics and interactivity, and they work together to create a website with a good user experience.

The function of HTML is to define the structure and content of a web page, and its purpose is to provide a standardized way to display information. 1) HTML organizes various parts of the web page through tags and attributes, such as titles and paragraphs. 2) It supports the separation of content and performance and improves maintenance efficiency. 3) HTML is extensible, allowing custom tags to enhance SEO.

The future trends of HTML are semantics and web components, the future trends of CSS are CSS-in-JS and CSSHoudini, and the future trends of JavaScript are WebAssembly and Serverless. 1. HTML semantics improve accessibility and SEO effects, and Web components improve development efficiency, but attention should be paid to browser compatibility. 2. CSS-in-JS enhances style management flexibility but may increase file size. CSSHoudini allows direct operation of CSS rendering. 3.WebAssembly optimizes browser application performance but has a steep learning curve, and Serverless simplifies development but requires optimization of cold start problems.

The roles of HTML, CSS and JavaScript in web development are: 1. HTML defines the web page structure, 2. CSS controls the web page style, and 3. JavaScript adds dynamic behavior. Together, they build the framework, aesthetics and interactivity of modern websites.

The future of HTML is full of infinite possibilities. 1) New features and standards will include more semantic tags and the popularity of WebComponents. 2) The web design trend will continue to develop towards responsive and accessible design. 3) Performance optimization will improve the user experience through responsive image loading and lazy loading technologies.

The roles of HTML, CSS and JavaScript in web development are: HTML is responsible for content structure, CSS is responsible for style, and JavaScript is responsible for dynamic behavior. 1. HTML defines the web page structure and content through tags to ensure semantics. 2. CSS controls the web page style through selectors and attributes to make it beautiful and easy to read. 3. JavaScript controls web page behavior through scripts to achieve dynamic and interactive functions.


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