用了两天这个类,发现很好用。
获取请求网页里面的所有链接,直接使用fetchlinks就可以,获取所有文本信息使用fetchtext(其内部还是使用正则表达式在进行处理),还有其它较多的功能,如模拟提交表单等。
使用方法:
1、先下载Snoopy类,下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/snoopy/
2、先实例化一个对象,然后调用相应的方法即可获取抓取的网页信息
示例:
include 'snoopy/Snoopy.class.php'; $snoopy = new Snoopy(); $sourceURL = "http://xxxxxxxxx";$snoopy->fetchlinks($sourceURL); $a = $snoopy->results;
它并没有提供获取网页中所有图片地址的方法,自己有个需求是要获取一个页面中所有文章列表中图片地址。然后自己就写了一个,主要还是正则那里匹配重要。
//匹配图片的正则表达式 $reTag = "/<img [^s]+src=\"(http:\/\/[^\"]+).(jpg|png|gif|jpeg)\"[^\/]*\/ alt="php的Snoopy类" >/i";
因为需求比较特殊,只需要抓取写死htp://开头的图片(外站的图片可能使得了防盗链,想先抓取到本地)
实现思路:
1、抓取指定网页,并筛选出预期的所有文章地址;
2、循环抓取第一步中的文章地址,然后使用匹配图片的正则表达式进行匹配,获取页面中所有符合规则的图片地址;
3、根据图片后缀和ID(这里只有gif、jpg)保存图片---如果此图片文件存在,先将其删除再保存
<meta http-equiv='content-type' content='text/html;charset=utf-8'><?php include 'snoopy/Snoopy.class.php'; $snoopy = new Snoopy(); $sourceURL = "http://xxxxx"; $snoopy->fetchlinks($sourceURL); $a = $snoopy->results; $re = "/\d+\.html$/"; //过滤获取指定的文件地址请求 foreach ($a as $tmp) { if (preg_match($re, $tmp)) { getImgURL($tmp); } } function getImgURL($siteName) { $snoopy = new Snoopy(); $snoopy->fetch($siteName); $fileContent = $snoopy->results; //匹配图片的正则表达式 $reTag = "/<img [^s]+src=\"(http:\/\/[^\"]+).(jpg|png|gif|jpeg)\"[^\/]*\/ alt="php的Snoopy类" >/i"; if (preg_match($reTag, $fileContent)) { $ret = preg_match_all($reTag, $fileContent, $matchResult); for ($i = 0, $len = count($matchResult[1]); $i < $len; ++$i) { saveImgURL($matchResult[1][$i], $matchResult[2][$i]); } } } function saveImgURL($name, $suffix) { $url = $name.".".$suffix; echo "请求的图片地址:".$url."<br/>"; $imgSavePath = "E:/xxx/style/images/"; $imgId = preg_replace("/^.+\/(\d+)$/", "\\1", $name); if ($suffix == "gif") { $imgSavePath .= "emotion"; } else { $imgSavePath .= "topic"; } $imgSavePath .= ("/".$imgId.".".$suffix); if (is_file($imgSavePath)) { unlink($imgSavePath); echo "<p style="max-width:90%">文件".$imgSavePath."已存在,将被删除</p>"; } $imgFile = file_get_contents($url); $flag = file_put_contents($imgSavePath, $imgFile); if ($flag) { echo "<p>文件".$imgSavePath."保存成功</p>"; } }?>
在使用php抓取网页:内容、图片、链接的时候,我觉得最重要的还是正则(根据抓取的内容和指定的规则获取想要的数据),思路其实都比较简单,用到的方法也并不多,也就那几个(而且抓取内容还是直接调用别人写好的类中的方法就可以了)
但之前想过的是php似乎并没有实现如下的方法,比如一个文件中有N行(N很大),需要将其中符合规则的行内容进行替换,如第3行是aaa需要转成bbbbb。一般的需要修改文件时的常见做法:
1、一次读取整个文件(或是逐行读取),然后使用临时文件进行保存最终转换后的结果,再替换原始文件
2、逐行读取,使用fseek控制文件指针的位置,然后fwrite写入
方案1在文件较大时,一次读取不可取(逐行读取,然后写入临时文件再替换原始文件效率感觉也不高),方案2则在被替换的字符串长度小于等于目标值时没问题,但超过了则会有问题,它会“越界”,将下一行的数据也打乱了(不能像JavaScript中有“选区”的概念,使用新的内容进行替换)
下面是使用方案2做试验的代码:
<?php$mode = "r+";$filename = "d:/file.txt";$fp = fopen($filename, $mode);if ($fp) { $i = 1; while (!feof($fp)) { $str = fgets($fp); echo $str; if ($i == 1) { $len = strlen($str); fseek($fp, -$len, SEEK_CUR);//指针向前移动 fwrite($fp, "123"); } $i++; } fclose($fp);}?>
先读取一行,此时文件指针其实是指到下一行开头,使用fseek将文件指针回移到上一行起始位置,然后使用fwrite进行替换操作,正因为是替换操作,在不指定长度的情况下,它把影响到下一行的数据,而我想要的是只想针对这一行进行操作,例如删除这一行或是整行只替换为一个1,上面的例子达不到要求,或许是我还没有找到合适的方法… 你有好的方法吗?

Setting session cookie parameters in PHP can be achieved through the session_set_cookie_params() function. 1) Use this function to set parameters, such as expiration time, path, domain name, security flag, etc.; 2) Call session_start() to make the parameters take effect; 3) Dynamically adjust parameters according to needs, such as user login status; 4) Pay attention to setting secure and httponly flags to improve security.

The main purpose of using sessions in PHP is to maintain the status of the user between different pages. 1) The session is started through the session_start() function, creating a unique session ID and storing it in the user cookie. 2) Session data is saved on the server, allowing data to be passed between different requests, such as login status and shopping cart content.

How to share a session between subdomains? Implemented by setting session cookies for common domain names. 1. Set the domain of the session cookie to .example.com on the server side. 2. Choose the appropriate session storage method, such as memory, database or distributed cache. 3. Pass the session ID through cookies, and the server retrieves and updates the session data based on the ID.

HTTPS significantly improves the security of sessions by encrypting data transmission, preventing man-in-the-middle attacks and providing authentication. 1) Encrypted data transmission: HTTPS uses SSL/TLS protocol to encrypt data to ensure that the data is not stolen or tampered during transmission. 2) Prevent man-in-the-middle attacks: Through the SSL/TLS handshake process, the client verifies the server certificate to ensure the connection legitimacy. 3) Provide authentication: HTTPS ensures that the connection is a legitimate server and protects data integrity and confidentiality.

What’s still popular is the ease of use, flexibility and a strong ecosystem. 1) Ease of use and simple syntax make it the first choice for beginners. 2) Closely integrated with web development, excellent interaction with HTTP requests and database. 3) The huge ecosystem provides a wealth of tools and libraries. 4) Active community and open source nature adapts them to new needs and technology trends.

PHP and Python are both high-level programming languages that are widely used in web development, data processing and automation tasks. 1.PHP is often used to build dynamic websites and content management systems, while Python is often used to build web frameworks and data science. 2.PHP uses echo to output content, Python uses print. 3. Both support object-oriented programming, but the syntax and keywords are different. 4. PHP supports weak type conversion, while Python is more stringent. 5. PHP performance optimization includes using OPcache and asynchronous programming, while Python uses cProfile and asynchronous programming.

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.


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