函数功能:php里面的整数是有符号数,其内部实现其实就是long,不是unsigned long。对于32位机器来说,php最大能表示的整数就是2^31-1了,一般在应用中碰到大于2^31-1而小于2^32的数就只能用字符串来表示了。对于mixed int_ext(string in)来说,如果字符串in表示的整数小于2^31-1,那么就返回整数,如果大于就返回字符串。
开发扩展步骤如下:(首先需要下载php的源码)
1,建立扩展骨架
cd php-5.3.14/ext ./ext_skel --extname=int_ext
2,修改编译参数
cd php-5.3.14/ext/int_ext vi config.m4
去掉 PHP_ARG_ENABLE(int_ext, whether to enable int_ext support 和
[ --enable-int_ext Enable int_ext support]) 两行前面的dnl 修改后为:
dnl Otherwise use enable: PHP_ARG_ENABLE(int_ext, whether to enable int_ext support, dnl Make sure that the comment is aligned: [ --enable-int_ext Enable int_ext support])
3,编写C代码
cd php-5.3.14/ext/int_ext vi php_int_ext.h
在 PHP_FUNCTION(confirm_int_ext_compiled); 后面新增一行 PHP_FUNCTION(int_ext);
cd php-5.3.14/ext/int_ext vi int_ext.c
在PHP_FE(confirm_int_ext_compiled, NULL) 后面添加 PHP_FE(int_ext, NULL)添加后为:
zend_function_entry int_ext_functions[] = { PHP_FE(confirm_int_ext_compiled, NULL) /* For testing, remove later. */ PHP_FE(int_ext, NULL) /* For testing, remove later. */ {NULL, NULL, NULL} /* Must be the last line in int_ext_functions[] */ };
核心代码:
PHP_FUNCTION(int_ext) { char * str = NULL; int str_len; int argc = ZEND_NUM_ARGS(); if(zend_parse_parameters(argc TSRMLS_CC,"s",&str,&str_len) == FAILURE) return ; char * result; int result_length = str_len; result = (char *) emalloc(result_length + 1); memcpy(result,str,result_length); unsigned long result_num = strtoul(result, NULL, 10); int sizeoflong sizeof(long); unsigned long max_long = 1 << (sizeoflong * 8 -1); if(result_num < max_long) { RETURN_LONG(result_num); } else { RESULT_STRINGL(result, result_length, 0); } }
4,编译
cd php-5.3.14/ext/int_ext /usr/local/php/bin/pphpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make make install
此时会产生一个so文件: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/int_ext.so
修改php.ini 添加扩展extension_dir = “/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/”
[int_ext]extension = int_ext.so
5,测试
$a = int_ext("12345678900"); var_dump($a); $a = int_ext("123456789"); var_dump($a); 结果输出:string(11) "12345678900" int(123456789)

Reasons for PHPSession failure include configuration errors, cookie issues, and session expiration. 1. Configuration error: Check and set the correct session.save_path. 2.Cookie problem: Make sure the cookie is set correctly. 3.Session expires: Adjust session.gc_maxlifetime value to extend session time.

Methods to debug session problems in PHP include: 1. Check whether the session is started correctly; 2. Verify the delivery of the session ID; 3. Check the storage and reading of session data; 4. Check the server configuration. By outputting session ID and data, viewing session file content, etc., you can effectively diagnose and solve session-related problems.

Multiple calls to session_start() will result in warning messages and possible data overwrites. 1) PHP will issue a warning, prompting that the session has been started. 2) It may cause unexpected overwriting of session data. 3) Use session_status() to check the session status to avoid repeated calls.

Configuring the session lifecycle in PHP can be achieved by setting session.gc_maxlifetime and session.cookie_lifetime. 1) session.gc_maxlifetime controls the survival time of server-side session data, 2) session.cookie_lifetime controls the life cycle of client cookies. When set to 0, the cookie expires when the browser is closed.

The main advantages of using database storage sessions include persistence, scalability, and security. 1. Persistence: Even if the server restarts, the session data can remain unchanged. 2. Scalability: Applicable to distributed systems, ensuring that session data is synchronized between multiple servers. 3. Security: The database provides encrypted storage to protect sensitive information.

Implementing custom session processing in PHP can be done by implementing the SessionHandlerInterface interface. The specific steps include: 1) Creating a class that implements SessionHandlerInterface, such as CustomSessionHandler; 2) Rewriting methods in the interface (such as open, close, read, write, destroy, gc) to define the life cycle and storage method of session data; 3) Register a custom session processor in a PHP script and start the session. This allows data to be stored in media such as MySQL and Redis to improve performance, security and scalability.

SessionID is a mechanism used in web applications to track user session status. 1. It is a randomly generated string used to maintain user's identity information during multiple interactions between the user and the server. 2. The server generates and sends it to the client through cookies or URL parameters to help identify and associate these requests in multiple requests of the user. 3. Generation usually uses random algorithms to ensure uniqueness and unpredictability. 4. In actual development, in-memory databases such as Redis can be used to store session data to improve performance and security.

Managing sessions in stateless environments such as APIs can be achieved by using JWT or cookies. 1. JWT is suitable for statelessness and scalability, but it is large in size when it comes to big data. 2.Cookies are more traditional and easy to implement, but they need to be configured with caution to ensure security.


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