声明:本系列博客参考资料《大话设计模式》,作者程杰。
门面模式(有时候也称外观模式)是指提供一个统一的接口去访问多个子系统的多个不同的接口,它为子系统中的一组接口提供一个统一的高层接口。使用子系统更容易使用。
案例:炒股票,新股民不了解证券知识做股票,是很容易亏钱的,需要学习的知识太多了,这样新手最好把炒股的事情委托给基金公司,基金公司了解证券知识,那么新股民把自己的股票托管给基金公司去运营,这样新股民不必了解哪只股票的走势就可以完成股票的买卖。基金公司在这里就是一个门面,针对于新股民的门面。
UML类图:
角色分析:
门面(FacadeCompany)角色:此角色封装一个高层接口,将客户端的请求代理给适当的子系统对象,是门面模式的核心接口。
子系统(ICBC)角色:实现子系统的具体功能,处理FacadeCompany对象指派的任务。子系统没有FacadeCompany的任何信息,没有对FacadeCompany对象的引用。
具体代码案例:
<?php /** * Created by PhpStorm. * User: LYL * Date: 2015/5/16 * Time: 11:07 *//**阿里股票 * Class Ali */class Ali{ function buy() { echo "买入阿里股票<br/>"; } function sell() { echo "卖出阿里股票<br>"; }}/**万达股票 * Class Wanda */class Wanda{ function buy() { echo "买入万达股票<br>"; } function sell() { echo "卖出万达股票<br>"; }}/**京东股票 * Class Jingdong */class Jingdong{ function buy() { echo "买入京东股票<br>"; } function sell() { echo "卖出京东股票<br>"; }}/**门面模式核心角色 * Class FacadeCompany */class FacadeCompany{ private $ali; private $wanda; private $jingdong; function __construct() { $this->ali=new Ali(); $this->jingdong=new Jingdong(); $this->wanda=new Wanda(); } function buy() { $this->wanda->buy(); $this->ali->buy(); } function sell() { $this->jingdong->sell(); }}
客户端调用代码:
header("Content-Type:text/html;charset=utf-8");//------------------------门面模式测试代码------------------require_once "./Facade/Facade.php";$lurenA=new FacadeCompany();$lurenA->buy();$lurenA->sell();
优势:
1) 它可以 对客户屏蔽子系统组件 ,因而减少了客户处理的对象的数目并使得子系统使用起来更加方便。
2) 它实现了子系统与客户之间的松耦合关系,而子系统内部的功能组件往往是紧耦合的。松耦合关系使得子系统的组件变化不会影响到它的客户。 Facade模式有助于建立层次结构系统,也有助于对对象之间的依赖关系分层。
3) Facade模式可以消除复杂的循环依赖关系。这一点在客户程序与子系统是分别实现的时候尤为重要。在大型软件系统中降低编译依赖性至关重要。在子系统类改变时,希望尽量减少重编译工作以节省时间。用Facade可以降低编译依赖性,限制重要系统中较小的变化所需的重编译工作。
4)Facade模式同样也有利于简化系统在不同平台之间的移植过程,因为编译一个子系统一般不需要编译所有其他的子系统。

Reasons for PHPSession failure include configuration errors, cookie issues, and session expiration. 1. Configuration error: Check and set the correct session.save_path. 2.Cookie problem: Make sure the cookie is set correctly. 3.Session expires: Adjust session.gc_maxlifetime value to extend session time.

Methods to debug session problems in PHP include: 1. Check whether the session is started correctly; 2. Verify the delivery of the session ID; 3. Check the storage and reading of session data; 4. Check the server configuration. By outputting session ID and data, viewing session file content, etc., you can effectively diagnose and solve session-related problems.

Multiple calls to session_start() will result in warning messages and possible data overwrites. 1) PHP will issue a warning, prompting that the session has been started. 2) It may cause unexpected overwriting of session data. 3) Use session_status() to check the session status to avoid repeated calls.

Configuring the session lifecycle in PHP can be achieved by setting session.gc_maxlifetime and session.cookie_lifetime. 1) session.gc_maxlifetime controls the survival time of server-side session data, 2) session.cookie_lifetime controls the life cycle of client cookies. When set to 0, the cookie expires when the browser is closed.

The main advantages of using database storage sessions include persistence, scalability, and security. 1. Persistence: Even if the server restarts, the session data can remain unchanged. 2. Scalability: Applicable to distributed systems, ensuring that session data is synchronized between multiple servers. 3. Security: The database provides encrypted storage to protect sensitive information.

Implementing custom session processing in PHP can be done by implementing the SessionHandlerInterface interface. The specific steps include: 1) Creating a class that implements SessionHandlerInterface, such as CustomSessionHandler; 2) Rewriting methods in the interface (such as open, close, read, write, destroy, gc) to define the life cycle and storage method of session data; 3) Register a custom session processor in a PHP script and start the session. This allows data to be stored in media such as MySQL and Redis to improve performance, security and scalability.

SessionID is a mechanism used in web applications to track user session status. 1. It is a randomly generated string used to maintain user's identity information during multiple interactions between the user and the server. 2. The server generates and sends it to the client through cookies or URL parameters to help identify and associate these requests in multiple requests of the user. 3. Generation usually uses random algorithms to ensure uniqueness and unpredictability. 4. In actual development, in-memory databases such as Redis can be used to store session data to improve performance and security.

Managing sessions in stateless environments such as APIs can be achieved by using JWT or cookies. 1. JWT is suitable for statelessness and scalability, but it is large in size when it comes to big data. 2.Cookies are more traditional and easy to implement, but they need to be configured with caution to ensure security.


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