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基于PHP的crontab定时任务管理

linux的crontab一直是服务器运维、业务开展的利器。但当定时任务增多时,管理和迁移都变得很麻烦,而且容易出问题。

下面提供了一个使用php编写的crontab管理器,但仍需要在crontab下添加一个一分钟执行一次的叫来来运行这个管理器。通过这个管理器,可以实现以下目的:

分布式定时任务集中化管理

多条crontab记录合并

crontab记录持久化存储(配置文件或数据库)

这里不建议你使用数据库进行crontab配置管理,除非你能够保证数据库的请求能够在长时间内保持稳定响应的话。推荐使用nosql类型的cache存储,同时做好持久化备份。

废话不多说,上一段测试代码: 

define('DS', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
requiredirname(__FILE__) . DS . 'vendor'. DS . 'autoload.php';
date_default_timezone_set('PRC');
 
error_reporting(E_ALL);
 
$crontab_config= [
    'test_1'=> [
        'name'=> '服务监控1',
        'cmd'=> 'php -v',
        'output'=> '/tmp/test.log',
        'time'=> '* * * * *'
    ],
    'single_test'=> [
        'name'=> 'php -i',
        'cmd'=> 'php -i',
        'output'=> '/tmp/single_script.log',
        'time'=> [
            '* * * * *',
            '* * * * *',
        ],
    ],
];
 
$crontab_server= new\Jenner\Zebra\Crontab\Crontab($crontab_config);
$crontab_server->start();

 

这段代码使用了php的包管理器composer,如果你不了解,可以手动把需要用到的类,include到你的php脚本。

运行后,我们会在默认的日志文件(/var/log/php_crontab.log)中查看crontab的运行记录,当然你可以通过向Crontab传递第二个参数指定日志文件日志(确保可写)。日志文件内容如下:

[2014-11-10 19:50:08]-content:start. pid3778
[2014-11-10 19:50:08]-content:php -v
[2014-11-10 19:50:08]-content:php -i
[2014-11-10 19:50:08]-content:php -i
[2014-11-10 19:50:08]-content:end. pid:3778

日志会记录程序的启动时间、运行的命令、pid等信息。由于我是手动执行的,所以描述不是准确的00秒。正式使用时,在crontab中添加一条如下命令即可实现该管理器的自动运行。

* * * * * php php_crontab_manager.php


管理器相关依赖:

进程控制包:"jenner/multi_process": "1.0.0",

pcntl扩展

crontab服务

jenner/multi_process包是一个简单的进程控制包,主要是为了在执行定时任务时,使用子进程执行,这样父进程就不会阻塞,造成定时任务延迟的问题。


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