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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorial创造高安全性PHP网站的几个实用要点

创建高安全性PHP网站的几个实用要点

大家都知道PHP已经是当前最流行的Web应用编程语言了。但是也与其他脚本语言一样,PHP也有几个很危险的安全漏洞。所以在这篇教学文章中,我们将大致看看几个实用的技巧来让你避免一些常见的PHP安全问题。 

 

 技巧1:使用合适的错误报告

  一般在开发过程中,很多程序员总是忘了制作程序错误报告,这是极大的错误,因为恰当的错误报告不仅仅是最好的调试工具,也是极佳的安全漏洞检测工具,这能让你把应用真正上线前尽可能找出你将会遇到的问题。

  当然也有很多方式去启用错误报告。比如在 php.in 配置文件中你可以设置在运行时启用

  启动错误报告

error_reporting(E_ALL);

  停用错误报告

error_reporting(0);

 技巧2:不使用PHP的Weak属性

  有几个PHP的属性是需要被设置为OFF的。一般它们都存在于PHP4里面,而在PHP5中是不推荐使用的。尤其最后在PHP6里面,这些属性都被移除了。

  注册全局变量

  当 register_globals 被设置为ON时,就相当于设置Environment,GET,POST,COOKIE或者Server变量都定义为全局变量。此时你根本不需要去写 $_POST['username']来获取表单变量'username',只需要'$username'就能获取此变量了。

  那么你肯定在想既然设置 register_globals 为 ON 有这么方便的好处,那为什么不要使用呢?因为如果你这样做将会带来很多安全性的问题,而且也可能与局部变量名称相冲突。

  比如先看看下面的代码:

if( !empty( $_POST['username'] ) && $_POST['username'] == ‘test123′ && !empty( $_POST['password'] ) && $_POST['password'] == “pass123″ ){$access = true;}

  如果运行期间, register_globals 被设置为ON,那么用户只需要传输 access=1 在一句查询字符串中就能获取到PHP脚本运行的任何东西了。

  在.htaccess中停用全局变量

php_flag register_globals 0

  在php.ini中停用全局变量

register_globals = Off

  停用类似 magic_quotes_gpc, magic_quotes_runtime, magic_quotes_sybase 这些Magic Quotes

  在.htaccess文件中设置

php_flag magic_quotes_gpc 0php_flag magic_quotes_runtime 0

  在php.ini中设置

magic_quotes_gpc = Offmagic_quotes_runtime = Offmagic_quotes_sybase = Off

 技巧3:验证用户输入

  你当然也可以验证用户的输入,首先必须知道你期望用户输入的数据类型。这样就能在浏览器端做好防御用户恶意攻击你的准备。

 技巧4:避免用户进行交叉站点脚本攻击

  在Web应用中,都是简单地接受用户输入表单然后反馈结果。在接受用户输入时,如果允许HTML格式输入将是非常危险的事情,因为这也就允许了JavaScript以不可预料的方式侵入后直接执行。哪怕只要有一个这样漏洞,cookie数据都可能被盗取进而导致用户的账户被盗取。

 技巧5:预防SQL注入攻击

  PHP基本没有提供任何工具来保护你的数据库,所以当你连接数据库时,你可以使用下面这个mysqli_real_escape_string 函数。

$username = mysqli_real_escape_string( $GET['username'] );mysql_query( “SELECT * FROM tbl_employee WHERE username = ’”.$username.“‘”);

  好了,在这篇简短的文章中,我们阐述了几个开发过程中不能忽视的PHP安全性问题。但是最终是否使用,如何使用还是开发人员来决定的。希望这篇文章能帮助到你们。

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