How Can I Effectively Detect and Handle cURL Errors in PHP?

Detecting cURL Errors in PHP

When using cURL in PHP to exchange data with a remote server, it's crucial to handle errors effectively. Despite encountering various error codes during transmission, you might not be able to identify them using your current code.

Understanding the Code

Let's examine your code, which attempts to submit data using cURL but has trouble detecting errors:

$c = curl_init();
curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_POST, true);
curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
$result = curl_exec($c);
if (curl_exec($c) === false) {
    echo "ok";
} else {
    echo "error";
}
curl_close($c);

Detecting Errors Using curl_error()

To get information about errors that occur during the cURL operation, you can utilize the curl_error() function. Here's an updated version of your code that incorporates this technique:

$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $your_url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, true); // Required for HTTP error codes to be reported via our call to curl_error($ch)
//...

curl_exec($ch);
if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    $error_msg = curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close($ch);

if (isset($error_msg)) {
    // TODO - Handle cURL error accordingly
}

By setting CURLOPT_FAILONERROR to true, cURL will return false in the case of an error code, enabling us to retrieve the error message using curl_error(). You can then use the $error_msg string to take appropriate actions based on the specific error that occurred.

Additional Resources

For further information, consult the following references:

• [libcurl error codes](https://curl.se/libcurl/c/libcurl-errors.html)
• [PHP curl_errno() function](https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.curl-errno.php)
• [PHP curl_error() function](https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.curl-error.php)

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