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HomeWeb Front-endHTML TutorialCSS结构伪类E:first-child/last-child/only-child/empty

E:first-child解释:E的父元素的第一个子元素正好是E,给这个E定义样式

E:last-child解释:E的父元素的最后一个子元素正好是E,给这个E定义样式

E:only-child解释:E的父元素只有一个子元素,这个正好是E,给这个E定义样式

E:empty解释:E元素没有子元素和文本内容,给这个E定义样式

 

 

例子:只要E元素是它的父级的第一个子元素,就选中。它需要同时满足两个条件,一个是“第一个子元素”,另一个是“这个子元素刚好是E”。

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<style>
span:first-child{color: red;}
p:first-child{color: blue;} /*p元素的父元素的第一个子元素是div而不是p元素,因此该样式不起作用*/
i:first-child{color: orange;}
</style>

<div class="demo">
<div>.demo的第一个子元素是div</div>
<!--第一个span元素是它的父级P元素的第一个span,颜色变红色-->
<p><span>第一个span</span>第一个段落P<span>第二个span</span></p>
<!--第一个i元素是它的父级a元素的第一个i,颜色变橙色-->
<p>一个链接<i>第一个i元素</i></p>
<!--第二个i元素是它的父级a元素的第一个i,颜色变橙色-->
<p>一个链接<i>第二个i元素</i></p>
<p>一个链接</p>
</div>
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