技能树
php
- 框架
- yii/yii2
- phalcon
- yaf
- thinkphp
- 其他大大小小框架源码都读过很多
- Composer
- Redis/Memcached/Mongdb
Linux
- lnmp环境搭建、优化
- 负载均衡
- mysql主从/redis主从
- 服务器运维
现在只是每天坚持看些linux方面的知识，感觉php学习达到了瓶颈，看一些优秀框架源码大致的设计模式也都清楚，所以现在基本就是看了个大概就没心思再跟代码跟下去了，感觉能提升的东西已经很有限了，急需学习一门新语言来拓展下眼界。
眼下比较纠结是研究C or Java or Python
回复内容：
技能树
php
- 框架
- yii/yii2
- phalcon
- yaf
- thinkphp
- 其他大大小小框架源码都读过很多
- Composer
- Redis/Memcached/Mongdb
Linux
- lnmp环境搭建、优化
- 负载均衡
- mysql主从/redis主从
- 服务器运维
现在只是每天坚持看些linux方面的知识，感觉php学习达到了瓶颈，看一些优秀框架源码大致的设计模式也都清楚，所以现在基本就是看了个大概就没心思再跟代码跟下去了，感觉能提升的东西已经很有限了，急需学习一门新语言来拓展下眼界。
眼下比较纠结是研究C or Java or Python
学习另外一门语言主要不是用来提升你的PHP能力的，选语言主要是为了解决不同场景与类型的问题，这也就是为什么会有这么多语言的原因，现在针对你的技能点，我谈下我的想法：
第一：PHP框架源码以及设计模式，你阅读各个框架的源码，那么首先你要明确，你是否真正理解其设计思想，与设计理念，你从中吸取了多少作者的思想？如果让你自己写一套框架，你可以真正上手了吗？不要认为，阅读了源码，看的懂代码，就以为明白了，这只是阅读的第一步；
第二：nosql,暂且说你都用过这些技术，那么你能很明确的清楚他们之间的最本质的区别吗？技术选型的时候，你能很明确的说出为什么要选这个，这个比起其他几个nosql来说，优势在哪里？再换个方向，你学过了memcache,那么分布式呢？分布式的情况下，memcache如果扩容呢？如何保证其伸缩性，和扩展性呢？
第三：环境搭建，优化，负载，mysql主从，那我且问你，你掌握了这些技能，都只是会用，根本谈不上根据场景的变化，做出相应的配置，比如给你1000万-1亿的PV网站，你来架构，你难道还是就一个主从套上去就好了吗？海量数据你又采用什么方式解决呢？
最后总结：非常理解楼主认为自己到达瓶颈的想法，上述写的只是想说，不管学习认识的技术，想想这个东西为什么要出来，他的诞生是用来解决什么问题的，最后再研究下他的原理，而不是很多技术，我学过用过就好了，这样没有深入的理解，是不会有多大效果的，最后建议楼主学习一下C语言，可以研究PHP源码，这样在写代码的时候也会考虑性能问题，同时通过C语言的学习，可以研究各种软件的源码和他们的原理，比如memcache,apache,nginx都可以去往源码方面研究，你会看到更多东西，学习JAVA会对你的框架设计思想以及设计模式方面有所提升
最烦这种类型的问题了，达到瓶颈就该换个语言学学？换个语言就能解决所有问题？
吐槽暂且完毕，回归问题。你说你遇到了瓶颈，瓶颈在哪？或者说，你遇到了什么业务什么场景，php无法（很好）完成任务？我举个我自己的例子，我遇到的是一个数据抓取的场景，php虽然能完成这个功能，但从运行效率考虑无法很好地完成（尽管有诸如pthreads之类的工具），我了解了一下其他语言对于这个场景的情况，选择了node.js，很好地完成了任务。
看了你的描述，我觉得你对于php的应用还局限在web端，那有没有尝试过拿php写一些别的东西？php-cli也还不错哦。我见过一个案例是有人拿php实现了一套支持c语言（子集）和php混写的语言的编译器（转为二进制代码）和解释器（←他是出于加密代码的目的写的），哦对了，那人当时高三升大一。突然觉得自己弱爆了。。。
啰嗦了这么多，其实我想说的就两点，如果你的瓶颈是有具体的需求，而php无法支持（尽管我非常希望php能是万能的，但至少现在，这还只能是梦想），那么去选择能够很好的解决你需求的语言；如果你是学习到了一定程度，觉得已经孤独求败了，我想问，你对于php真的有你想象地那么熟悉吗？php是一个弱类型的语言，它是如何实现的？php的内存回收机制是怎样的？不要觉得这些是底层的东西，我是写上层代码的就不用去关心。如果能够了解的话，有时候能帮你解决一些非常非常非常隐蔽的坑。
我从python 的tornado框架中了解到web的真谛，可以试试 ^_^
你了解了这么多，我想下一步应该是不断的解决各种味道的问题，从问题中吸取精华
搞搞python也是可以的，python是万能语言，写开发桌面软件或是自动化方面都可以用。如果果想换行可以搞c语言，经典的语言还可以提高自己对底层硬件控制能力，对硬件有更深的理解。想做服务器开发或是api可以考虑go语言，开发效率高运行效率高效。每个语言都有各自的特点，多了解了解也没错，但不能把精通全都放这上面，精通一两种才是道
python or go
java，接触下java的MVC框架
java吧，学的是思想
推荐 C、Python、Lisp、Erlang、Lua。都是很有特点的语言。看着哪个有感觉就学哪个好了。实在纠结就去学 C，然后看你用的那些软件是怎么写的。
操作系统，计算机网络，数据结构，计算机组成原理
这个技能树和大家的回答对我有帮助
连CS大门都还没入的，都开始在讨论瓶颈了。。。
看一下PHP5.5,5.6的新特性，和现在流行的趋势，就知道，你应该学Java！
What are some common problems that can cause PHP sessions to fail?Apr 25, 2025 am 12:16 AMReasons for PHPSession failure include configuration errors, cookie issues, and session expiration. 1. Configuration error: Check and set the correct session.save_path. 2.Cookie problem: Make sure the cookie is set correctly. 3.Session expires: Adjust session.gc_maxlifetime value to extend session time.
How do you debug session-related issues in PHP?Apr 25, 2025 am 12:12 AMMethods to debug session problems in PHP include: 1. Check whether the session is started correctly; 2. Verify the delivery of the session ID; 3. Check the storage and reading of session data; 4. Check the server configuration. By outputting session ID and data, viewing session file content, etc., you can effectively diagnose and solve session-related problems.
What happens if session_start() is called multiple times?Apr 25, 2025 am 12:06 AMMultiple calls to session_start() will result in warning messages and possible data overwrites. 1) PHP will issue a warning, prompting that the session has been started. 2) It may cause unexpected overwriting of session data. 3) Use session_status() to check the session status to avoid repeated calls.
How do you configure the session lifetime in PHP?Apr 25, 2025 am 12:05 AMConfiguring the session lifecycle in PHP can be achieved by setting session.gc_maxlifetime and session.cookie_lifetime. 1) session.gc_maxlifetime controls the survival time of server-side session data, 2) session.cookie_lifetime controls the life cycle of client cookies. When set to 0, the cookie expires when the browser is closed.
What are the advantages of using a database to store sessions?Apr 24, 2025 am 12:16 AMThe main advantages of using database storage sessions include persistence, scalability, and security. 1. Persistence: Even if the server restarts, the session data can remain unchanged. 2. Scalability: Applicable to distributed systems, ensuring that session data is synchronized between multiple servers. 3. Security: The database provides encrypted storage to protect sensitive information.
How do you implement custom session handling in PHP?Apr 24, 2025 am 12:16 AMImplementing custom session processing in PHP can be done by implementing the SessionHandlerInterface interface. The specific steps include: 1) Creating a class that implements SessionHandlerInterface, such as CustomSessionHandler; 2) Rewriting methods in the interface (such as open, close, read, write, destroy, gc) to define the life cycle and storage method of session data; 3) Register a custom session processor in a PHP script and start the session. This allows data to be stored in media such as MySQL and Redis to improve performance, security and scalability.
What is a session ID?Apr 24, 2025 am 12:13 AMSessionID is a mechanism used in web applications to track user session status. 1. It is a randomly generated string used to maintain user's identity information during multiple interactions between the user and the server. 2. The server generates and sends it to the client through cookies or URL parameters to help identify and associate these requests in multiple requests of the user. 3. Generation usually uses random algorithms to ensure uniqueness and unpredictability. 4. In actual development, in-memory databases such as Redis can be used to store session data to improve performance and security.
How do you handle sessions in a stateless environment (e.g., API)?Apr 24, 2025 am 12:12 AMManaging sessions in stateless environments such as APIs can be achieved by using JWT or cookies. 1. JWT is suitable for statelessness and scalability, but it is large in size when it comes to big data. 2.Cookies are more traditional and easy to implement, but they need to be configured with caution to ensure security.
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