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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialLaravel ORM 对“Model::find”怎么进行缓存

Laravel ORM对“Model::find”方法进行缓存的方法:首先从缓存中获取数据;然后设置缓存及过期时间;最后当修改数据时删除已缓存的内容即可。

Laravel ORM 对“Model::find”怎么进行缓存

Laravel ORM 对 Model::find 方法怎么进行缓存?

前段时间做项目时候,想要在不改变方法签名的情况下,给 Model::find 方法做个缓存。而且想要做到即插即用。

1.先看一下当我们调用 find 方法时,框架干了什么?

找到 Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model 的代码,搜索 find,没有该方法。看来是走了 __callStatic 这个魔术方法。该方法里只有一行代码:

return (new static)->$method(...$parameters);

static 指的是调用该静态方法的类(如果使用的是 UserModel::find(1),则 static 就代表 UserModel 类)。看来是实例化了一个对象,并调用了成员方法。

2.分析如何优雅地在中间插一脚

为了能够在调用 find 时候,先走我们的缓存,所以我们需要覆盖 __callStatic 方法,并检测如果是 find 方法,则优先返回缓存中的数据。

另外,为了能够达到即插即用的效果,我们使用继承的方式,而是使用了 Trait。核心逻辑如下:

public static function create($data = null){
 if ($data == null){
 return null;
 }
 $instance = new static;
 foreach ($data as $key => $value){
 $instance[$key] = $value;
 }
 return $instance;
}
/**
 * 如果方法是 find($id, $nocache)
 *
 * @param  string  $method
 * @param  array  $parameters
 * @return mixed
 */
public static function __callStatic($method, $parameters)
{
 if ($method == 'find'){
 // 从缓存中获取数据
 $obj = static::create(json_decode(Redis::get(static::getCacheKey($parameters[0])), true));
 if (null == $obj){
 $obj = (new static)->$method(...$parameters);
 if (null == $obj){
 return null;
 } else {
 $key = static::getCacheKey($parameters[0]);
 // 设置缓存及过期时间
 Redis::set($key, $obj);
 Redis::expire($key, static::$expire_time);
 return $obj;
 }
 } else {
 $obj->exists = true;
 return $obj;
 }
 } else if($method == 'findNoCache'){
 $method = 'find';
 return (new static)->$method(...$parameters);
 }
 return (new static)->$method(...$parameters);
}
private static function getCacheKey($id){
 $name = str_replace('\\', ':', __CLASS__);
 return "{$name}:{$id}";
}

大体逻辑上面已经介绍过了:覆盖 __callStatic 方法,判断如果是调用 find ,则走缓存(无缓存,查询后需要设置缓存)。另新增 findNoCache 方法。

3.细节补充

当修改(或删除)数据(调用 save 方法)时需要删除已缓存的内容。

private static function clearCache($id){
 Redis::del(self::getCacheKey($id));
}
/**
 * when save, should clear cache
 * @param array $options
 */
public function save(array $options = []){
 static::clearCache($this[$this->primaryKey]);
 return parent::save($options);
}
// delete 方法我暂时写,内容类似 save 方法
如何使用。在需要使用 find 缓存的 Model 类里,加上一行就够了。
class User extends BaseModel
{
 use MemoryCacheTrait;
}
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